Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia

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Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia
Salvia lavandulifolia.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Species:
Subspecies:
S. o. subsp. lavandulifolia
Trinomial name
Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia
(Vahl) Gams
Synonyms
  • Salvia lavandulaefolia, orth. var.
  • Salvia lavandulifolia

Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia, synonym Salvia lavandulifolia, [1] (Spanish sage) is a small woody herbaceous perennial native to Spain and southern France, growing in rocky soil in Maquis shrubland, often found growing with rosemary, Lavandula lanata , and Genista cinerea . [2]

S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia grows 30 centimetres (1 ft) tall and wide, with a reclining habit and narrow, lanceolate, whitish-gray evergreen leaves that are less than 50 mm (2 in) long. The leaves grow opposite each other on the stem and appear to grow in bunches. When the leaves are rubbed, oils give off a fragrance similar to rosemary. These oils are used for scenting soaps. The 25 mm (1 in) long, pale lavender flowers grow on short inflorescences, blooming for about one month in late spring and early summer. The flowering stems have very few flowers on widely spaced whorls. Some varieties have a dark calyx. [2]

Biochemistry

The essential oil of S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia has been found to have a selective acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting effect, (in as far as the regions of the brain in which acetylcholinesterase activity has been demonstrated, such areas are striatum and hippocampus) with an IC50 value of 0.03 μg/ml. The chief reason for this activity are believed to be the monoterpenes 1,8-cineole and α-pinene which have IC50 values of 0.67 and 0.63 mM, respectively. [3] [4]

Medical effects

A 2003 study indicated that S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia improves word recall in healthy young adults. [5]

Related Research Articles

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<i>Salvia sclarea</i> Species of flowering plant

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Trifurcula salvifoliae is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found in Spain.

<i>Salvia blancoana</i> Species of flowering plant

Salvia blancoana is a prostrate perennial that is native to Spain and northwest Africa. It has narrow blue-green leaves and pale violet-blue flowers. Due to its being highly variable in the wild, and because of similarities to Salvia candelabrum and Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia, it has often been confused with those two. Current opinion gives S. blancoana distinct species status, even while some botanists consider it a subspecies of its two close relatives. It differs from S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia and S. candelabrum in being prostrate, as opposed to merely low-growing. It also has whorls of 2–6, compared to 6–9 in S. officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia.

<i>Hypericum annulatum</i> Species of flowering plant in the St Johns wort family Hypericaceae

Hypericum annulatum is a species of flowering plant in the family Hypericaceae. It is a perennial herb of varying heights which grows upright, with more than a hundred flowers of a golden yellow color. First described in 1827, the species has a wide distribution from Eastern Europe to East Africa, and its appearance can vary greatly based on its geographic location. It has been used in Bulgarian folk medicine, and has more recently been investigated for its effectiveness in slowing the growth of or killing certain types of human cancer.

References

  1. "Salvia officinalis subsp. lavandulifolia (Vahl) Gams". Plants of the World Online . Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved 2024-04-30.
  2. 1 2 Clebsch, Betsy; Barner, Carol D. (2003). The New Book of Salvias. Timber Press. p. 198. ISBN   978-0-88192-560-9.
  3. Houghton PJ. Personal communication. (in book Herbal Medicines, Third edition by: Joanne Barnes, Linda A Anderson and J David Phillipson)
  4. Perry NSL et al. In-vitro inhibition of human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase by Salvia lavandulaefolia essential oil and constituent terpenes. J Pharm Pharmacol 2000; 52: 895–90
  5. Tildesley, N. T.; Kennedy, D. O.; Perry, E. K.; Ballard, C. G.; Savelev, S.; Wesnes, K. A.; Scholey, A. B. (2003). "Salvia lavandulaefolia (Spanish sage) enhances memory in healthy young volunteers". Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior . 75 (3): 669–674. doi:10.1016/S0091-3057(03)00122-9. PMID   12895685. S2CID   22451799.