The Sambyeolcho Rebellion (1270–1273) was a Korean rebellion against the Goryeo dynasty that happened at the last stage of the Mongol invasions of Korea. It was suppressed by Goryeo and the Yuan dynasty. After the rebellion,Goryeo became a vassal state of the Yuan dynasty.
Goryeo was a Korean state founded in 918,during a time of national division called the Later Three Kingdoms period,that unified and ruled the Korean Peninsula until 1392. Goryeo achieved what has been called a "true national unification" by Korean historians as it not only unified the Later Three Kingdoms but also incorporated much of the ruling class of the northern kingdom of Balhae,who had origins in Goguryeo of the earlier Three Kingdoms of Korea. The name "Korea" is derived from the name of Goryeo,also romanized as Koryŏ,which was first used in the early 5th century by Goguryeo. According to Korean historians,it was during the Goryeo period that the individual identities of Goguryeo,Baekje and Silla were successfully merged into a single entity that became the basis of the modern-day Korean identity. Goryeo was the successor state to Later Goguryeo and Goguryeo.
Hong Ta-gu was a Goryeo commander of the Yuan dynasty. His given name was Chun-gi,but he was more well known by his courtesy name Ta-gu. Born to a northwestern warlord family that defected to the Mongol Empire,Hong Ta-gu led Goryeo forces who had defected in campaigns against Goryeo and Japan. The Hong family dominated the Goryeo defector families in Liaoyang and Shenyang during the latter half of the 13th century.
Seongjong of Goryeo,personal name Wang Ch'i,was the sixth king of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea.
Gwangjong of Goryeo,personal name Wang So,was the fourth monarch of Korea's Goryeo dynasty.
Chŏng Chung-bu was a medieval Korean soldier and military dictator during the Goryeo Dynasty (918–1392). He was a career soldier,qualified on military part of civil service examination. He was most noted for leading a coup d'état in 1170,dethroning the king and beginning of 100-year military reign in Korea.
Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn was a military ruler of Korea during the Goryeo period.
Ch'oe U was the second Ch'oe dictator of the Ubong Ch'oe Military regime. He himself went out on the battlefield to lead in fighting off the Mongolian invasions. Then he realized that the government was no longer safe at the capital city of Kaesong,and so he forced the king and his officials to flee to Ganghwa island. He took some of his armies and went to Ganghwa island with them. He did this because he knew that the Mongols would not attempt a naval assault against Ganghwa. Therefore,the Goryeo government was kept safe for several decades even after the Ch'oe regime.
A series of campaigns were conducted between 1231 and 1270 by the Mongol Empire against the Goryeo dynasty of Korea. There were seven major campaigns at tremendous cost to civilian lives,the last campaign made most of Goryeo a vassal state of the Yuan dynasty for approximately 80 years. However,rebellion movements existed throughout this time and in 1274,some Goryeo territory existed outside of Mongol control.
Dobang (都房),also written as Tobang,was a Goryeo Dynasty private military unit that originated as the personal body guard for Kyong Tae-sung. After the military revolt of the generals in 1170 during the reign of King Uijong of Goryeo,a series of generals culminating in the Ch'oe military dictators,held the real power in Goryeo. In their first year,General Yi Ko was murdered by General Yi Ui-bang who subsequently died at the hands of Chŏng Kyun (정균).
The naval history of Korea dates back thousands of years since the prehistoric times when simple fishing ships were used. Military naval history dates back to the Three Kingdoms period and Unified Silla dynasties of Korea in the 7th century. Because of the constant coastal attacks by the Wa Japanese and other barbarian tribes,Korean shipbuilding excelled to counter these threats as a result. During the Unified Silla period,Jang Bogo,a merchant,rose as an admiral and created the first maritime trading within East Asian countries. During the Goryeo dynasty,sturdy wooden ships were built and used to fight pirates. Korean shipbuilding again excelled during the Imjin war,when Admiral Yi defeated the advancing Japanese fleets.
The Goryeo military regime was the government of the Goryeo dynasty from the time of the military coup d'état of 1170 to the Sambyeolcho Rebellion of 1270 and the definitive subordination of Korea to the Yuan dynasty. The rule of the Ubong Choe family from 1196 to 1258 is known as the "regime of the Choe clan".
Yi Ŭi-min was a military general who dominated the Goryeo government prior to the Mongol Invasions. When his rival,Commander Kyŏng Tae-sŭng,died,Yi Ui-min rose to power in the supreme military council,Jungbang. His tyranny came to an end in 1196 on the 7th day of the 4th lunar month when he was assassinated by General Ch'oe Ch'ung-hŏn.
Ch'oe Hang was the third dictator of the Ch'oe Military regime,which dominated Goryeo for six decades before and during the Mongol invasions. Ch'oe Hang continued on his predecessor Ch'oe U's anti-Mongol policy,and refused to surrender to the invaders. It is believed that the Ch'oe Military Regime began to decline during his eight-year reign.
Kim Tong-jeong was a general in Goryeo dynasty.
The history of Sino-Korean relations dates back to prehistoric times.
Goryeo under Mongol rule refers to the rule of the Mongol Empire and the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty over the Korean Peninsula from about 1270 to 1356. After the Mongol invasions of Korea and the capitulation of the Korean Goryeo dynasty in the 13th century,Goryeo became a semi-autonomous vassal state and compulsory ally of the Yuan dynasty for about 80 years. It has been referred to as a "son-in-law kingdom in the Mongol Empire." The ruling line of Goryeo,the House of Wang,was permitted to rule Korea as a vassal of the Yuan,which established the Branch Secretariat for Eastern Campaigns in Korea as an extension of Mongol supervision and political power. Members of the Goryeo royal family were taken to Khanbaliq,and typically married to spouses from the Yuan imperial clan,the House of Borjigin. As a result,princes who became monarchs of Goryeo during this period were effectively imperial sons in-law (khuregen). Yuan overlordship ended in the 1350s when the Yuan dynasty itself started to crumble and King Gongmin of Goryeo began to push the Yuan garrisons back.
Ch'oe Ŭi was the fourth and last Ch'oe dictator of the Ubong Ch'oe Military regime.
The Joseon Army was the army of the Korean dynasty of Joseon (1392–1897). The army defended the northern borders but seldom defended the southern regions. The army was best known for fending off the Jurchen raids and conquering the Korean Peninsula. However,Joseon's neo-Confucianism disavowed military development,causing them to be vulnerable to Japanese and Manchu invasions. Despite this,Joseon kept strengthening the army until the 19th century,when western powers and the Japanese forced them to open doors and modernize the army.
The Military of the Goryeo Dynasty was the primary military force of the Goryeo Dynasty. During the Later Three Kingdoms Period,Wang Kŏn overthrew the Taebong ruler,Kung Ye,and renamed it Goryeo after the Goguryeo Dynasty. He led the kingdom's armies and navies against Silla and Later Baekje and unified the peninsula. Goryeo was able to mobilize sizable military might during times of war.
