Sarcoglanidinae

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Sarcoglanidinae
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Siluriformes
Family: Trichomycteridae
Subfamily: Sarcoglanidinae
Myers & Weitzman, 1966
Type genus
Sarcoglanis
Myers & Weitzman, 1966
Genera

Ammoglanis
Malacoglanis
Microcambeva
Sarcoglanis
Stauroglanis
Stenolicmus

Contents

The Sarcoglanidinae are a subfamily of catfishes (order Siluriformes) of the family Trichomycteridae. It includes six genera: Ammoglanis , Malacoglanis , Microcambeva , Sarcoglanis , Stauroglanis , and Stenolicmus . [1] [2]

Taxonomy

The subfamily Sarcoglanidinae was first established in 1966 for Sarcoglanis simplex and Malacoglanis gelatinosus. A third species of the subfamily – Stauroglanis gouldingi, was described about 25 years later. [3] Descriptions of additional species have followed, though most genera remain monotypic. [4] The relationships of the genus Ammoglanis with other sarcoglanidines are not well-established; however, this genus is currently included within Sarcoglanidinae. [5]

This subfamily has been proposed to have a sister group relationship to Glanapteryginae. Like the members of this subfamily, many glanapterygines are sand-dwelling fish. [6]

Distribution and habitat

All genera except Microcambeva are endemic to the Amazon River; Microcambeva species are known from southeastern Brazil. [2] Despite their scarcity in museum collections, sarcoglanidines possibly occur throughout the entire Amazon and the Orinoco basins. [3]

Sarcoglanidines usually live in sandy banks of rivers and streams, [2] feeding on minute arthropods. [4]

Description

Sarcoglanidines are all very small (to the extent of some species being considered 'miniaturized'), usually not exceeding 25 mm (1.0 in) in standard length (SL). Microcambeva ribeirae on the other hand, is the largest species, reaching 48 mm (1.9 in) SL. [2] All except one species are poorly pigmented, with a translucent body in life. [2] The three pairs of barbels present in other trichomycterids are also present in these fish, though nasal barbels tend to be reduced. In addition, some taxa have barbel-like structures on the ventral surface of their heads. [2] Sarcoglanis simplex and Malacoglanis gelatinosus possess an uncommonly deep body, a hypertrophied sac-like adipose organ above the pectoral fin, and the absence of premaxillary teeth. These two species, along with Stauroglanis gouldingi, have few or no opercular and interopercular odontodes. [2]

The subfamily has been characterized, among other things, by a toothless upper jaw, the presence of an adipose-like fin, and the pectoral-fin rays projecting beyond the fin membrane. [3]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Trichomycteridae</span> Family of fishes

Trichomycteridae is a family of catfishes commonly known as pencil catfishes or parasitic catfishes. This family includes the candiru fish, feared by some people for its alleged habit of entering into the urethra of humans. They are one of the few parasitic chordates. Another species is the life monsefuano which was important to the Moche culture and still an important part of Peruvian cuisine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pimelodidae</span> Family of fishes

The Pimelodidae, commonly known as the long-whiskered catfishes, are a family of catfishes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Doradidae</span> Family of fishes

The Doradidae are a family of catfishes also known as thorny catfishes, raphael catfishes or talking catfishes. These fish are native to South America, primarily the Amazon basin and the Guianas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cetopsidae</span> Family of fishes

The Cetopsidae are a small family of catfishes, commonly called the whale catfishes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ariidae</span> Family of fishes

The Ariidae or ariid catfish are a family of catfish that mainly live in marine waters with many freshwater and brackish water species. They are found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate zones. The family includes about 143 species.

Listrura is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Erethistidae</span> Family of fishes

Erethistidae are a family of catfishes that originate from southern Asia. It includes about 45 species.

<i>Akysis</i> Genus of catfish

Akysis is the largest genus of catfishes of the family Akysidae.

Malacoglanis gelatinosus is a species of catfish of the family Trichomycteridae, and the only species of the genus Malacoglanis. This fish grows to about 2.0 centimetres (.79 in) SL. and is native to the Caquetá River basin of Colombia. Stauroglanis is the sister group to a monophyletic group formed by Malacoglanis and Sarcoglanis.

Sarcoglanis simplex is a species of catfish of the family Trichomycteridae, and the only species of the genus Sarcoglanis. This fish originates from the upper Rio Negro basin of Brazil. Stauroglanis is the sister group to a monophyletic group formed by Malacoglanis and Sarcoglanis.

Trichogenes longipinnis, is a species of catfish of the family Trichomycteridae. T. longipinnis is endemic to coastal streams in the Atlantic forest between Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo States in southeastern Brazil.

Stauroglanis gouldingi is a species of catfish of the family Trichomycteridae, and the only species of the genus Stauroglanis.

Ammoglanis is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.

Microcambeva is a genus of catfishes of the family Trichomycteridae.

<i>Gogangra</i> Genus of fishes

Gogangra is a genus of sisorid catfishes native to Asia.

Pygidianops is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.

Typhlobelus is a genus of pencil catfishes native to South America.

The Glanapteryginae are a subfamily of catfishes of the family Trichomycteridae. It includes four genera, Glanapteryx, Listrura, Pygidianops, and Typhlobelus.

Ammoglanis pulex is a species of pencil catfish found in the Paria Grande River, the Pamoni River, and the Caño Garrapata in Venezuela. This species reaches a length of 1.5 cm (0.59 in).

Ammoglanis diaphanus is a species of pencil catfish is found in a stream tributary to Javaés River, in the Araguaia River basin in Brazil. This species reaches a length of 1.9 cm (0.75 in).

References

  1. ↑ Nelson, Joseph S. (2006). Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN   0-471-25031-7.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Costa, Wilson J.E.M.; Lima, Sérgio M.Q.; Bizerril, Carlos Roberto S.F. (2004). "Microcambeva ribeirae sp. n. (Teleostei: Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae): a new sarcoglanidine catfish from the Rio Ribeira do Iguape basin, southeastern Brazil" (PDF). Zootaxa . 563: 1–10. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.563.1.1.
  3. 1 2 3 de Pinna, Mario C. C. (August 9, 1989). "A New Sarcoglanidine Catfish, Phylogeny of Its Subfamily, and an Appraisal of the Phyletic Status of the Trichomycterinae (Teleostei, Trichomycteridae)" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (2950): 1–39.
  4. 1 2 Zuanon, Jansen; Sazima, Ivan (September 2004). "Natural history of Stauroglanis gouldingi (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), a miniature sand-dwelling candiru from central Amazonian streamlets". Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 15 (3): 201–208.
  5. ↑ "A New Species of Ammoglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from Venezuela" (PDF). Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters. 11 (3): 255–264. November 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-09-13.
  6. ↑ Schaefer, Scott A.; Provenzano, Francisco; de Pinna, Mario; Baskin, Jonathan N. (November 29, 2005). "New and Noteworthy Venezuelan Glanapterygine Catfishes (Siluriformes, Trichomycteridae), with Discussion of Their Biogeography and Psammophily" (PDF). American Museum Novitates (3496): 1–27. doi:10.1206/0003-0082(2005)496[0001:NANVGC]2.0.CO;2. S2CID   19506818.
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