| Scleroptila | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Ring-necked francolin | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Galliformes |
| Family: | Phasianidae |
| Tribe: | Gallini |
| Genus: | Scleroptila Blyth, 1852 |
| Type species | |
| Perdix levaillantii [1] Valenciennes, 1825 | |
| Species | |
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
Francolinus | |
Scleroptila is a genus of birds in the francolin group of the tribe Gallini of the pheasant family. Its eight species range through Sub-Saharan Africa.
The species are: [2]
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ring-necked francolin | Scleroptila streptophora | Burundi, Cameroon, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. | |
 | Red-winged francolin | Scleroptila levaillantii | Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia. |
| Finsch's francolin | Scleroptila finschi | Angola, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, parts of Cameroon, and Gabon. | |
| Moorland francolin | Scleroptila psilolaema | Ethiopia. | |
 | Grey-winged francolin | Scleroptila afra | Lesotho and South Africa. |
 | Orange River francolin | Scleroptila gutturalis | Ethiopia, South Sudan, Somalia, Uganda and Kenya |
 | Shelley's francolin | Scleroptila shelleyi | Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe. |
| Whyte's francolin | Scleroptila whytei | Democratic Republic of the Congo, Malawi, and Zambia. | |
| Elgon francolin | Scleroptila elgonensis | Uganda (Mount Elgon) to central Kenya | |
The Phasianidae are a family of heavy, ground-living birds, which includes pheasants, partridges, junglefowl, chickens, turkeys, Old World quail, and peafowl. The family includes many of the most popular gamebirds. The family is a large one and includes 185 species divided into 54 genera. It was formerly broken up into two subfamilies, the Phasianinae and the Perdicinae. However, this treatment is now known to be paraphyletic and polyphyletic, respectively, and more recent evidence supports breaking it up into two subfamilies: Rollulinae and Phasianinae, with the latter containing multiple tribes within two clades. The New World quail (Odontophoridae) and guineafowl (Numididae) were formerly sometimes included in this family, but are now typically placed in families of their own; conversely, grouse and turkeys, formerly often treated as distinct families, are now known to be deeply nested within Phasianidae, so they are now included in the present family.
Francolins are birds in the tribe Gallini that traditionally have been placed in the genus Francolinus, but now commonly are divided into multiple genera.
Francolinus is a genus of birds in the francolin group of the tribe Gallini in the pheasant family.
The grey-winged francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Lesotho and South Africa.
The white-throated francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae.
Finsch's francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Angola, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, parts of Cameroon, and Gabon.
Latham's francolin or the forest francolin, is a species of bird in the francolin group of the family Phasianidae. It is the only member of the monotypic genus Peliperdix. It is found in Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, and Uganda.
The red-winged francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Angola, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa, Eswatini, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia.
The Orange River francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae found in grassland and woodland in Africa. In the taxa from the northern part of its distribution, the neck-line does not reach the eye and the belly is whitish. In the southern taxa the neck-line reaches the eye and the belly is buff. This has led some authorities to treat them as separate species: The Archer's or acacia francolin in the north, and the Orange River francolin in the south.
The Natal spurfowl or Natal francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Botswana, Eswatini, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
The moorland francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is endemic to Ethiopia.
The grey-breasted spurfowl or grey-breasted francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found only in Tanzania.
Schlegel's francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Cameroon, the Central African Republic, Chad, and South Sudan. According to the IUCN Red List, in which the species is rated as "least concern", the global population is unknown, but there have been no fluctuations in population.
The crested francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in southern Africa. One of its subspecies, Ortygornis sephaena rovuma, is sometimes considered a separate species, Kirk's francolin.
Shelley's francolin is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. The species is named after Sir Edward Shelley, cousin of George Ernest Shelley. IOC 13.1 recognized the following subspecies:
The ring-necked francolin is a bird species in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Burundi, Cameroon, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda. Rarer than previously believed, it was uplisted from a species of Least Concern to Near Threatened status in the 2007 IUCN Red List.
Perdicinae is a polyphyletic former subfamily of birds in the pheasant family, Phasianidae, regrouping the partridges, Old World quails, and francolins. Although this subfamily was considered monophyletic and separated from the pheasants, tragopans, junglefowls, and peafowls (Phasianinae) till the early 1990s, molecular phylogenies have shown that these two subfamilies actually constitute only one lineage. For example, some partridges are more closely affiliated to pheasants, whereas Old World quails and partridges from the Alectoris genus are closer to junglefowls. Due to this, the subfamily Perdicinae is no longer recognized by the International Ornithological Congress, with the species being split among 3 subfamilies.
The Elgon francolin is a francolin found in moorland at altitudes above 2,300 metres (7,500 ft) from eastern Uganda to central Kenya.
Pternistis is a genus of galliform birds formerly classified in the spurfowl group of the partridge subfamily of the pheasant family. They are described as "partridge-francolins" in literature establishing their phylogenetic placement outside the monophyletic assemblage of true spurfowls. All species are endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa, excepted the double-spurred spurfowl. They are commonly known as spurfowls or francolins, but are closely related to jungle bush quail, Alectoris rock partridges, and Coturnix quail. The species are strictly monogamous, remaining mated indefinitely. They procure most of their food by digging. Spurfowls subsist almost entirely on roots, beans of leguminous shrubs and trees, tubers, and seeds, and feasting opportunistically on termites, ants, locusts, flowers, and fruit. Important predators are jackals, caracals, servals, and birds of prey, as well as herons and marabou storks.
Ortygornis is a genus of birds in the francolin group of the family Phasianidae.
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