Second Garibashvili government | |
---|---|
17th Cabinet of Georgia | |
2021–2024 | |
Date formed | February 22, 2021 |
Date dissolved | January 29, 2024 |
People and organisations | |
President | Salome Zourabichvili (Independent) |
Prime Minister | Irakli Garibashvili (GD) |
Deputy Prime Minister | Thea Tsulukiani Levan Davitashvili |
No. of ministers | 12 |
Member parties | Georgian Dream |
Status in legislature | Majority government Minority government (Since October 2022) [1] |
History | |
Election(s) | 2020 parliamentary election |
Legislature term(s) | 10th Parliament of Georgia (2020–2024) |
Predecessor | Second Gakharia government |
Successor | Kobakhidze government |
The second government of Irakli Garibashvili was the government of Georgia, led by Irakli Garibashvili as the Prime Minister from February 22, 2021 until January 29, 2024. Following the resignation of Giorgi Gakharia, the ruling Georgian Dream party nominated former Prime Minister and then-Minister of Defence Irakli Garibashvili to form a government. [2] His cabinet was quickly confirmed by the Parliament four days later. [3] The government was dissolved after Prime Minister Garibashvili's resignation on January 29, 2024. Garibashvili cited the rotation process as the main reason for his resignation, implying that other people in the ruling party should also be given a chance to lead. [4] Garibashvili took up the offer to become the Chairman of the Georgian Dream party. [5]
Garibashvili took office amid political crisis in Georgia. [6] Nika Melia, chairman of the opposition United National Movement party, was accused of organizing mass violence during the anti-government protests in 2019. In June 2019, the court released him on bail. [7] [8] [9] [10] When Melia declined to pay bail, the Tbilisi City Court satisfied the prosecution's motion to send Melia to pretrial detention. In response, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia proposed to postpone Melia's arrest to not exacerbate political tensions between the government and the opposition. On 18 February 2022, Gakharia resigned, citing disagreement with his party colleagues over enforcing an arrest order for Melia. The ruling Georgian Dream party supported Garibashvili to replace Gakharia, and the Parliament voted 89–2 to appoint Garibashvili on 22 February.
In his pre-confirmation address to parliament, Garibashvili promised a hardline approach to the "radical opposition" to curb their activities against "the constitutional order and framework". He referred to UNM as "a refuge of criminals and terrorists". Garibashvili presented his economic vision, criticizing the idea of a minimal state and the "invisible hand of the market". He said that "small state idea is a myth impeding the country's development" and called on the government to play an active role in economy. [11] Garibashvili stated that "history does not know the precedent of development by allowing processes to flow on their own" and "neither Europe nor America developed in this way". [12] He emphasized that Georgia should become economically more self-sufficient. Garibashvili further criticized the United National Movement, which ruled Georgia for a decade before Georgian Dream took over in 2012, for their free-market approach to economics. Garibashvili's address to parliament was boycotted by the opposition (except European Socialists and Citizens), which was demanding early parliamentary elections. [13] On 23 February, Melia was arrested while at United National Movement party headquarters. [14]
On October 1, 2022, former Georgian President and the UNM's leader Mikhail Saakashvili returned to Georgia after eight-year exile. Saakashvili entered the country secretly in the container of a sea cargo ship. [15] He went live on Facebook, saying that he was in Batumi. Saakashvili was in hiding since the Georgian Prosecutor's Office filed criminal charges against him in 2014. In 2018, the Tbilisi City Court convicted Saakashvili in absentia on three charges and sentenced him to 6 years in prison. [16] Initially Saakashvili's location was unknown to government officials, with some of them even saying that Saakashvili's arrival was fake and he was actually in Ukraine. However, later prime minister Irakli Garibashvili held press briefing, where he announced that the government successfully captured Saakashvili. [17] He was transferred to No. 12 penitentiary facility in Rustavi and was attending his trials from there.
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Georgia expressed diplomatic and political support for Ukraine. Georgia has provided humanitarian assistance to Ukraine and sheltered Ukrainian refugees. However, Georgia has refused to join the Western economic sanctions against Russia. Prime Minister Irakli Garibashvili has stated that joining sanctions will harm Georgian economy and people and that he has to put Georgia's national interests above everything else. [18] This led to worsening of relations with Ukraine since Ukrainian officials were dissatisfied with Georgia's position. Ukraine further accused Georgia of helping Russia to bypass sanctions, which Georgia denied and asked Ukraine either testify or apologize. [19] Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in response dismissed Ukraine's Ambassador to Georgia. [20]
On 3 March 2022, Georgia applied to the European Union membership ahead of schedule, following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. [21] However, the application was rejected by the European Commission. In June 2022, the European Commission established Georgia's eligibility to become a member of the EU, but deferred giving it official candidate status until after certain conditions were met. [22] Later that month, the European Council expressed readiness to grant Georgia the status of a candidate after completing a set of reforms recommended by the Commission. [23]
Under Garibashvili government, political crisis in Georgia came to an end, restrictions imposed in response to COVID-19 pandemic were lifted and Georgia's post-pandemic economic recovery accelerated. [24] [25] To coordinate the country's economic policy, Irakli Garibashvili established the Economic Council. [26]
Mikheil Saakashvili is a Georgian and Ukrainian politician and jurist. He was the third president of Georgia for two consecutive terms from 25 January 2004 to 17 November 2013. From May 2015 until November 2016, Saakashvili was the governor of Ukraine's Odesa Oblast. He is the founder and former chairman of the United National Movement party. Saakashvili heads the executive committee of Ukraine's National Reform Council since 7 May 2020. In 2021 he began serving a six-year prison sentence in Georgia on charges of abuse of power and organization of an assault occasioning grievous bodily harm against an opposition lawmaker Valery Gelashvili.
Since their independence from the Soviet Union, Georgia and Ukraine have forged close political and cultural relations. The diplomatic relations between the two nations are realized at the level of embassies and consulates. Due to the prosecution in Georgia of Georgian/Ukrainian politician Mikheil Saakashvili and the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, relations between the two countries have soured significantly.
Bidzina Ivanishvili is a Georgian politician and oligarch, who served as Prime Minister of Georgia from October 2012 to November 2013.
Georgian Dream – Democratic Georgia is a political party in Georgia. The party was established on 19 April 2012 by the businessman Bidzina Ivanishvili. Georgian Dream and its partners in a coalition also named Georgian Dream won majorities in the 2012, 2016, and 2020 general elections. The party is currently led by Irakli Garibashvili as Party Chairman and Irakli Kobakhidze as Prime Minister.
Khatia Dekanoidze is a Georgian politician who served as Minister of Education and Science in 2012 and as a Member of Parliament since 2020, as well as a former Ukrainian official, serving as Chief of the National Police of Ukraine in 2015–2016.
The Georgian Parliament Building in Kutaisi was constructed from 2011 to 2012 in Kutaisi, traditionally the second most important city of Georgia, 231 kilometres (144 mi) west of Tbilisi, the nation's capital, to house the Parliament of Georgia. Built by the Spanish architecture firm CMD Ingenieros, the building was inaugurated on 26 May 2012 and, according to the respective constitutional clause, became the main seat of the newly elected Parliament in October 2012 until the legislature moved back to Tbilisi in January 2019.
Irakli Garibashvili is a Georgian politician and a former business executive who served as the prime minister of Georgia between 22 February 2021 and 29 January 2024. He had previously served as prime minister from 20 November 2013 until his resignation on 30 December 2015. Garibashvili is a member of the Georgian Dream party and has served as the party's chairman since 1 February 2024. He entered politics with his long-time associate Bidzina Ivanishvili, in October 2012.
Events in the year 2014 in Georgia.
The following lists events that happened during 2015 in Georgia.
Giorgi Gakharia is a Georgian politician who served as the 14th Prime Minister of Georgia from 8 September 2019 until his resignation on 18 February 2021.
The 2019 protests in Georgia, also known as Gavrilov's Night, refers to a series of anti-government and snap election-demanding protests in the country of Georgia.
Nikanor "Nika" Melia is a Georgian politician, former chairman of the United National Movement party and former member of Parliament of Georgia. He was a member of parliament of Georgia from United National Movement from 2016 to 2019 and from 2020 to 2021. He holds a master's degree in International Relations from Oxford Brookes University.
Tinatin "Tina" Bokuchava is a Georgian politician who has served as a member of Parliament since 2012.
Individuals and events related to Georgia in 2021.
The 2020–2021 Georgian political crisis was a political crisis in Georgia that resulted from allegations by opposition parties that the 2020 Georgian parliamentary election was rigged. The opposition accused the ruling Georgian Dream party of election fraud and did not recognize the results. They announced protests and parliamentary boycott. The opposition held a rally on November 1, a day after the elections, and called for snap parliamentary elections. On November 2, the eight opposition parties refused to enter parliament. In February 2021, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia resigned over plans to arrest opposition leader Nika Melia, which occurred on 23 February.
Levan Khabeishvili is a Georgian activist and politician who has served as a Member of Parliament since 2020.
The 2021 Georgian local elections were held on 2 and 30 October to elect the bodies of local government of Georgia.
Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Georgia on 26 October 2024.
Individuals and events related to Georgia in 2022.
The 2023-2024 Georgian protests are a series of street demonstrations taking place throughout Georgia over parliamentary backing of a proposed "Law on Transparency of Foreign Influence", which requires NGOs to register as "agents of foreign influence" or "organizations carrying the interests of a foreign power" if the funds they receive from abroad amount to more than 20% of their total revenue. Police have been reported as using water cannons and tear gas to disperse the protests, especially in the capital Tbilisi.