Shenyang JJ-1

Last updated
JJ-1
Shenyang JJ.1.jpg
A JJ-1 in the Chinese Aviation Museum at Datangshan, north of Beijing
RoleJet trainer
National origin People's Republic of China (PRC)
Manufacturer Shenyang Aircraft Corporation
First flight26 July 1958 [1]
Number built3 (two flying, one static)

The Shenyang JJ-1, also known as the Hong Zhuan-503 or Red Special, was a jet trainer developed in the People's Republic of China (PRC) during the 1950s. It was the first jet aircraft designed in China, with Xu Shunshou as the chief designer. [2] Two prototypes flew, but further development was abandoned. [3]

Contents

Design and development

Due to differences in ideology the Soviet Union severed relations with the PRC in the late 1950s, robbing the PRC of access to modern Soviet technology, particularly aircraft and aviation-related items. To ensure that the People's Liberation Army Air Force could re-equip and train to fly jet fighters Shenyang Aircraft Corporation were approached by the PLAAF to design and build a prototype jet trainer. [1] [3]

Xu Shunshou served as the director designer, and Huang Zhiqian and Ye Zhengda were deputy designers. [4] Xu led a team of 108 people, [5] whose average age was only 22. Most team members were recent university graduates, and only three people: Xu, Huang, and Lu Xiaopeng, had any aircraft design experience. [5] [4]

To fill the PLAAF requirement, the designers at Shenyang produced the JJ-1, a straight-winged aircraft, with a retractable tricycle undercarriage, tandem cockpits with a side hinged canopy over the front cockpit and rearward sliding canopy over the rear cockpit (very similar to the Shenyang JJ-5) and intakes either side of the front cockpit. [1] [3]

Power was supplied by a Shenyang Aircraft Development Office PF-1A, (Chinese copy of the Klimov RD-500 itself a copy of the Rolls-Royce Derwent), centrifugal compressor turbojet fitted in the centre fuselage, exhausting through a jet pipe extending to the tail of the fuselage. Armament was to have been a single 23 mm (0.91 in) calibre automatic cannon. [1] [3]

Production was not carried out as it was found that pilots could transition to basic jet fighters from propeller driven fighters with few problems. [1] [3] Nevertheless, as the first jet aircraft designed in China, the JJ-1 marked a new era of China's aircraft manufacturing industry. [6]

Operational history

Testing was carried out on the two prototypes and static test airframe before development was cancelled. [3]

Specifications (JJ-1)

Data from International Resin Modellers, [3] Chinese Aircraft: China's aviation industry since 1951 [1]

General characteristics

Performance

Armament
1x 23 mm (0.91 in) automatic cannon

See also

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

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References

Citations

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Gordon, Yefim; Dmitry Komissarov (2008). Chinese Aircraft:China's aviation industry since 1951 . Manchester: Hikoki Publications. pp.  178–179. ISBN   978-1-902109-04-6.
  2. ↑ "100年前的今日诞生了新中国航空工业首代宗师". China Aviation News. 2017-08-21. Retrieved 2019-02-16.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "The 红专-503 Hong Zhuan "Red Special" or 歼教-1 Jian Jiao "Fighter Trainer" also known as the Shenyang JJ-1 红专-503 歼教-1 (战斗机 教练员 航空器-1)". www.internationalresinmodellers.com. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
  4. 1 2 "Jian Jiao JJ-1 [Fighter Trainer]". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 2019-02-15.
  5. 1 2 "一代宗师徐舜寿逝世50周年 系中国首架喷气飞机总师". Sina. 2018-01-08. Retrieved 2019-02-14.
  6. ↑ "十大飞机设计师：中国航空设计一代宗师徐舜寿". Phoenix News. 2011-04-01. Retrieved 2019-02-14.

Bibliography

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  • Bueschel, Richard M. (1968). Communist Chinese air power. New York: Praeger. ISBN   978-0275671808.
  • Gunston, Bill; Parsons, Iain; Steer, Chris; Little, Malcolm (1976). The encyclopedia of the world's combat aircraft (Third impr. ed.). New York: Chartwell Books. ISBN   978-0890090541.
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