Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of the Maldives

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Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of the Maldives
People's Majlis
Territorial extentMaldives
Enacted by People's Majlis
Enacted20 November 2024
Assented to by President Mohamed Muizzu
Assented to20 November 2024
Legislative history
Bill titleBill on amendment to the Constitution
Introduced byMohamed Shahid
Introduced20 November 2024
Status: Current legislation

The Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of the Maldives was amended on 20 November 2024. This amendment was met with widespread support and criticism from the Maldivian public and NGOs.

Contents

History

The bill was sponsored on behalf of the government by Mohamed Shahid, a People's National Congress member. [1] The bill was passed at 20 November 2024, with an overwhelming majority of 78-13. [2] It was later signed into law in under nine hours by president Mohamed Muizzu in the same day. [3] [4]

Amendments

Reactions

Many supporters of the government praised the amendment, including president Muizzu, saying that it was "important decisions for the independence, sovereignty, development and stability of Maldives". [4] [5]

Criticism

The opposition had said that the bill ignored due process and without consulting with the public, and was submitted late at night so that there was no time for debating among parliament members. [4] Many NGOs made a joint press release, giving concern about this amendment and the hasty process this bill went through to get passed. [6] A case was filed in the Supreme Court seeking to annul the amendment, later which the Maldivian Democratic Party (MDP) joined. [7] [8]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">History of the Maldives</span>

The history of the Maldives is intertwined with the history of the broader Indian subcontinent and the surrounding regions, comprising the areas of South Asia and the Indian Ocean. The modern nation is formed of 26 natural atolls, comprising 1194 islands. Historically, the Maldives has held strategic importance due to its location on the major marine routes of the Indian Ocean. The Maldives's nearest neighbors are the British Indian Ocean Territory, Sri Lanka and India. The United Kingdom, Sri Lanka, and some Indian kingdoms have had cultural and economic ties with the Maldives for centuries. In addition to these countries, Maldivians also traded with Aceh and many other kingdoms in what is today Indonesia and Malaysia. The Maldives provided the primary source of cowrie shells, which were then used as currency throughout Asia and parts of the East African coast. Most likely, the Maldives were influenced by the Kalingas of ancient India. The Kalingas were the earliest region of India to trade with Sri Lanka and the Maldives and were responsible for the spread of Buddhism. Stashes of Chinese crockery found buried in various locations in the Maldives also show that there was direct or indirect trade contact between China and the Maldives. In 1411 and 1430, the Chinese admiral Zheng He (鄭和) visited the Maldives. The Chinese also became the first country to establish a diplomatic office in the Maldives when the Chinese nationalist government based in Taipei opened an embassy in Malé in 1966. The Embassy of the People's Republic of China has since replaced this office.

The politics of the Maldives take place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is the Head of Government. Executive power is exercised by the government. The President heads the executive branch and appoints the Cabinet; like many presidential democracies, each member of the cabinet need to be approved by the Parliament. The President, along with their pick for vice president, is directly elected by the denizens to a five-year term by a secret ballot. Once in office, they could be re-elected to a second 5-year term, which is the limit allowed by the Constitution. The current President of the Maldives is Mohamed Muizzu, when his predecessor, Ibrahim Mohamed Solih lost the 2023 Maldivian presidential election.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Maldivian Democratic Party</span> Political party in the Maldives

The Maldivian Democratic Party is the first political party formed in the Republic of Maldives with a total membership of 50,980 individuals as of July 28, 2024.

The Constitution of the Maldives is the supreme law of the country of Maldives. It provides the legal foundation for the existence of the Republic of Maldives, sets out the rights and duties of the citizens of the Maldives, and defines the structure of the Government of the Maldives. The current Constitution of the Maldives was ratified by the then president, Maumoon Abdul Gayyoom, on 7 August 2008, and came into effect immediately, replacing and repealing the Constitution of 1998.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">President of the Maldives</span> Head of state and head of government of the Maldives

The president of the Republic of Maldives is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of Maldives and the commander-in-chief of the Maldives National Defence Force.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">People's Majlis</span> Parliament of the Republic of Maldives

The People's Majlis is the unicameral legislative body of Maldives. It has the authority to enact, amend and revise laws, as outlined in the Constitution of the Maldives. It is composed of 93 members as of 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohamed Waheed Hassan</span> President of the Maldives from 2012 to 2013

Mohamed Waheed Hassan Manik is a Maldivian politician who served as president of the Maldives from 7 February 2012 to 17 November 2013, having succeeded to the office following the resignation of President Mohamed Nasheed, under whom he served as Vice President. He had previously worked as a news anchor, a teacher, a principle, a United Nations international civil servant with UNICEF, UNDP and UNESCO, and as member of the Maldivian Parliament.

Parliamentary elections were held in the Maldives on 9 May 2009.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ibrahim Ismail (politician)</span>

Ibrahim Ismail, popularly known as ‘Ibra’, is a Maldivian politician and former member of the People’s Majlis and the Special Majlis. Prior to his career in politics, he was also an administrator in the education sector.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cabinet of the Maldives</span> Senior level of the executive branch of the Government of the Maldives

The Cabinet of the Maldives is the most senior level of the executive branch of the Government of the Maldives. It is made up of the President, the Vice President, Attorney General and the Ministers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Progressive Party of Maldives</span> Political party in the Maldives

The Progressive Party of Maldives, is a political party in the Maldives with a total membership of 35,044 as of 25 April 2024. The stated goal of the party is driving Maldives towards an independent and democratic, safe and secure, high income, high human capital, developed nation state with a diversified and robust economy whilst preserving its Islamic heritage. The party is to be dissolved.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abdulla Shahid</span> President of the 76th United Nations General Assembly

Abdulla Shahid, is a Maldivian politician who served as President of the 76th United Nations General Assembly between 2021 and 2022 and is the current president of the Maldivian Democratic Party. Shahid is the first Maldivian politician to hold that post. He had served as minister of foreign affairs from 2018 to 2023.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Husnu Al Suood</span>

Husnu Al Suood born in Meedhoo is a Justice of the Supreme Court of the Republic of Maldives since 8 December 2019. He was the Attorney General of the Maldives from June 2009 to August 2010. He served as the Chief Judge of the Civil Court and as a member of the Judicial Service Commission of Maldives. He also served as a member of the National Human Rights Commission of the Maldives from 2003 to 2005. As a member of the Special Majlis, Suood participated in drafting the current constitution of the Republic of Maldives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rozaina Adam</span> Maldivian politician (born 1976)

Rozaina Adam is a Maldivian politician who was a member of the People's Majlis, who represents the Addu Meedhoo constituency from August 2008 to May 2024.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ibrahim Mohamed Solih</span> President of the Maldives from 2018 to 2023

Ibrahim Mohamed Solih, commonly known as Ibu, is a Maldivian politician who served as president of the Maldives from 2018 to 2023.

Parliamentary elections were held in the Maldives on 6 April 2019. The result was a landslide victory for the Maldivian Democratic Party, which won 65 of the 87 seats in the People's Majlis. This was the first time in Maldivian history that one party was able to secure a supermajority in parliament.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2023 Maldivian presidential election</span> 13th presidential election in the Maldives

Presidential elections were held in the Maldives on Saturday, 9 September 2023, with a second round held on 30 September. Incumbent president Ibrahim Mohamed Solih was seeking re-election, after defeating the-then Speaker of the People's Majlis Mohamed Nasheed in the Maldivian Democratic Party primaries. People's National Congress candidate and Malé mayor Mohamed Muizzu won the election with 54% of the votes, defeating Ibrahim Mohamed Solih and becoming President-elect of the Maldives. It was the fourth consecutive election in which a Maldivian president failed to win reelection, the last to do so having been Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, who ran unopposed, in 2003.

The following lists events that happened during 2024 in the Maldives.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2024 Maldivian parliamentary election</span> General election in the Maldives

Parliamentary elections were held in the Maldives on 21 April 2024, having previously been scheduled for 17 March. The election date was changed to April after President Mohamed Muizzu ratified election postponement bill by the People's Majlis passed on 28 February. Due to Grade 7, 8 and 9 exams scheduled for 16–27 April clashing with the parliamentary election date, the Ministry of Education decided to bring forward the tests to 27 March–25 April.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jameel Usman</span> Maldivian politician

Jameel Usman is a Maldivian politician and management expert who served as a Member of Parliament of the People's Majlis, representing Gemanafushi constituency in Maldives. He currently serves as a senator of the Progressive Party of Maldives.

References

  1. "Bill on amendment to the Constitution". People's Majlis . Retrieved 30 November 2024.
  2. "Dhivehi Raajjeyge jumhooriyyaage gaanoon asaasee ah islaah genaumuge bill faaskurumah" (PDF). People's Majlis . 20 November 2024. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "President ratifies Sixth Amendment to the Constitution of Maldives". The President's Office. 20 November 2024. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
  4. 1 2 3 "Constitution changed for the sake of the people "to ensure country's stability": Muizzu". Adhadhu. 21 November 2024. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
  5. The President's Office [@presidencymv] (21 November 2024). "މިއަދު ރައްޔިތުންގެ މަޖިލީހުން ފާސްކޮށް ޤާނޫނު އަސާސީއަށް ގެނައި އިޞްލާޙުތަކަކީ ރާއްޖޭގެ ރައްޔިތުންގެ ޙައްޤުގައި، ރާއްޖޭގެ މިނިވަންކަމާ، ސިޔާދަތާ، ތަރައްޤީއާ، ހަމަޖެހުމަށްޓަކައި، ނުހަނު ޖޯޝާއެކު ޤައުމީ ރޫޙުގައި ނިންމެވި ވަރަށް މުހިންމު ނިންމެވުންތަކެއް. މިކަމަށްޓަކައި ރައްޔިތުންގެ މަޖިލީހުގެ މެންބަރުންނަށް ޝުކުރު އަދާކޮށް، ދިވެހި ރައްޔިތުންނަށް މަރްޙަބާ ދަންނަވަން - ރައީސުލްޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ" [The amendments to the Constitution passed by the Parliament today are very important decisions taken in the interest of the Maldivian people, for the independence, sovereignty, development and stability of the Maldives. I thank the Members of Parliament for this - President] (Tweet) (in Divehi). Retrieved 30 November 2024 via Twitter.
  6. "Joint Press Release - Concerns Over Amendments to the Constitution of the Maldives" (PDF). Transparency Maldives. 20 November 2024. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
  7. "Case filed with Supreme Court to annul constitutional amendment to add anti-defection clauses". Sun. 24 November 2024. Retrieved 30 November 2024.
  8. Rehan, Mohamed (24 November 2024). "MDP to intervene anti-defection case at Supreme Court". Sun. Retrieved 30 November 2024.