State of the English Cities

Last updated

The State of the English Cities was a 2006 study of the social and economic performance of the major cities of England, sponsored by the Communities and Local Government department of the United Kingdom Government.

Contents

History

The programme was commissioned by the then Office of the Deputy Prime Minister in 2000 as a result of the Urban White Paper Our Towns and Cities: The Future - Delivering an Urban Renaissance, which drew attention to the importance of major cities in driving economic growth. [1]

One of the main challenges of the study was to make sure that the statistics used were comparable across cities and not skewed by local authority boundaries, which often do not reflect the physical or economic realities of the settlements they define. Instead of focussing on political areas statistics were therefore published for primary urban areas and travel to work areas, as respectively physical and economic models of cities' extent, and areas of town centre activity, reflecting cities' central business districts. [2]

An interim progress report was published in January 2005, [3] with the main State of the English Cities report being published in March 2006, [4] and the State of the Cities Database of comparative statistics going live in November 2006. [1]

Related Research Articles

Politics of Belize

Politics of Belize takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, whereby Queen Elizabeth II serves as head of state and the prime minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Belize.

Green belt (United Kingdom) British urban planning policy to maintain countryside around cities

In British town planning, the green belt is a policy for controlling urban growth. The idea is for a ring of countryside where urbanisation will be resisted for the foreseeable future, maintaining an area where agriculture, forestry and outdoor leisure can be expected to prevail. The fundamental aim of green belt policy is to prevent urban sprawl by keeping land permanently open, and consequently the most important attribute of green belts is their openness.

South Yorkshire County and mayoralty in England

South Yorkshire is a ceremonial and metropolitan county as well as a mayoralty in England. It had a population of 1.34 million in 2011 and has an area of 1,552 square kilometres (599 sq mi). The county has four metropolitan boroughs; Barnsley, Doncaster, Rotherham and Sheffield.

Local government in Wales System of state administration on a local level in Wales

Since 1 April 1996, Wales has been divided into 22 single-tier principal areas, styled as counties or county boroughs for local government purposes. The elected councils of these areas are responsible for the provision of all local government services, including education, social work, environmental protection, and most highways. Below these there are also elected community councils to which responsibility for specific aspects of the application of local policy may be devolved. The last set of local elections in Wales took place in 2017, with the next due to take place in 2022.

North Kesteven District in England

North Kesteven is a local government district in Lincolnshire, England which forms part of the original county of Kesteven. Located to the east of Nottinghamshire, north-east of Leicestershire and south of the City of Lincoln. Its council, North Kesteven District Council is based in Sleaford in the former offices of Kesteven County Council. Notable towns and villages in the district include Cranwell, Metheringham, North Hykeham, Sleaford and Waddington.

Northern Ireland is divided into 11 districts for local government purposes. In Northern Ireland, local councils do not carry out the same range of functions as those in the rest of the United Kingdom; for example they have no responsibility for education, road-building or housing. Their functions include planning, waste and recycling services, leisure and community services, building control and local economic and cultural development. The collection of rates is handled centrally by the Land and Property Services agency of the Northern Ireland Executive.

City of Warrnambool Local government area in Victoria, Australia

The City of Warrnambool is a local government area in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia, located in the south-western part of the state. It covers an area of 121 square kilometres (47 sq mi) and in June 2018 had a population of 34,862. It is entirely surrounded by the Shire of Moyne and the Southern Ocean. It is one of only a few regional councils in Victoria to remain serving just one urban district after the amalgamation process of 1994, although through that process it did gained some portions of the former Shire of Warrnambool.

English Partnerships (EP) was the national regeneration agency for England, performing a similar role on a national level to that fulfilled by regional development agencies on a regional level. On 1 December 2008 its powers passed to a successor body, the new Homes and Communities Agency.

The Core Cities Group is a self-selected and self-financed collaborative advocacy group of large regional cities in the United Kingdom outside Greater London. The group was formed in 1995 and serves as a partnership of eleven city councils: Belfast, Birmingham, Bristol, Cardiff, Glasgow, Leeds, Liverpool, Manchester, Newcastle, Nottingham and Sheffield.

Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities United Kingdom government ministerial department

The Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC), formerly the Ministry for Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG), is the UK Government department for housing, communities, local government in England and the levelling up policy. It was established in May 2006 and is the successor to the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, established in 2001. The department shares its headquarters building, at 2 Marsham Street in London, with the Home Office. It was renamed to add Housing to its title and changed to a ministry in January 2018, and later reverted to a government department in the 2021 reshuffle.

Faith in the City: A Call for Action by Church and Nation was a report published in the United Kingdom in autumn 1985, authored by the Archbishop of Canterbury's Commission on Urban Priority Areas. The report created a large amount of controversy when it was published, as one of its conclusions was that much of the blame for growing spiritual and economic poverty in British inner cities was due to government policies.

The New Towns Acts were a series of Acts of Parliament to found new settlements or to expand substantially existing ones, to establish Development Corporations to deliver them, and to create a Commission to wind up the Corporations and take over their assets and liabilities. Of these, the more substantive acts were the New Towns Act 1946 and the Town Development Act 1952. "The New Towns Act [1946] was intended to pre-emptively direct urban growth and infrastructural development into new towns, thereby decentralising population and economic opportunity while inhibiting urban sprawl."

Community cohesion is a conceptual framework employed to determine whether or not a community is sufficiently cohesive, measuring criteria such as: the presence of a shared vision, inclusion of those with diverse backgrounds, equal opportunity and the cultivation of positive relationships between individuals.

Travel to work area

A travel to work area or TTWA is a statistical tool used by UK Government agencies and local authorities, especially by the Department for Work and Pensions and Jobcentres, to indicate an area where the population would generally commute to a larger town, city or conurbation for the purposes of employment.

A primary urban area (PUA) is an area defined by the Department for Communities and Local Government in the United Kingdom as a statistical tool for analysing the major cities of England, originating as part of their State of the English Cities report and database. The concept of a primary urban area has also been redefined by the Centre for Cities with the University of Newcastle.

Regions of England Highest tier of sub-national division in England

The regions, formerly known as the government office regions, are the highest tier of sub-national division in England, established in 1994. Between 1994 and 2011, nine regions had officially devolved functions within government. While they no longer fulfil this role, they continue to be used for statistical and some administrative purposes. While the UK was a member of the European Union, they defined areas (constituencies) for the purposes of elections to the European Parliament. Eurostat also used them to demarcate first level Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) regions within the European Union, which in 2021 were superseded by International Territorial Level (ITL) regions. The regions generally follow the boundaries of the former standard regions, established in the 1940s for statistical purposes.

Leeds City Region City region and Local enterprise partnership in England

The Leeds City Region is a city region located in Yorkshire, England. It is mainly located in West Yorkshire, but also covers parts of South and North Yorkshire. According to the Office for National Statistics, as of 2017 the city region ranked 2nd behind Greater London for both population and GVA in the United Kingdom. It has a population of 3,063,074 million and a GVA of £69.62 billion.

Mostafa Madbouly Prime minister of Egypt since 2018

Mostafa Kamal Madbouly is the Prime Minister of Egypt, serving since 2018. He was appointed by President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi to succeed Sherif Ismail following his government's resignation in the wake of Sisi's re-election. Madbouly also served in Sherif Ismail's cabinet as a Minister of Housing and Urban Utilities, and had also briefly served as interim Prime Minister.

References

  1. 1 2 Robinson, Phillipa "A brief history", State of the Cities Database, Presentation to North East Regional Information Partnership
  2. "Frequently asked questions about the state of the English cities". Communities and Local Government. Archived from the original on 2007-11-02.
  3. State of the Cities: A Progress Report to the Delivering Sustainable Communities Summit Archived 2007-09-05 at the UK Government Web Archive Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, January 2005
  4. State of the English Cities Archived 2007-10-19 at the Wayback Machine Communities and Local Government