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Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback was an American publisher,politician,and Union Army officer. Pinchback was the first African American governor of a U.S. state and the second lieutenant governor. A Republican,Pinchback served as acting governor of Louisiana for 35 days from December 9,1872 to January 13,1873,during which ten acts of Legislature became law. He was one of the most prominent African-American officeholders during the Reconstruction Era.
The Colfax massacre,sometimes referred to as the Colfax riot,occurred on Easter Sunday,April 13,1873,in Colfax,Louisiana,the parish seat of Grant Parish. An estimated 62–153 Black militia men were murdered while surrendering to a mob of former Confederate soldiers and members of the Ku Klux Klan. Three white men also died during the confrontation.
More than 1,500 African American officeholders served during the Reconstruction era (1865–1877) and in the years after Reconstruction before white supremacy,disenfranchisement,and the Democratic Party fully reasserted control in Southern states. Historian Canter Brown Jr. noted that in some states,such as Florida,the highest number of African Americans were elected or appointed to offices after the end of Reconstruction in 1877. The following is a partial list of notable African American officeholders from the end of the Civil War until before 1900. Dates listed are the year that a term states or the range of years served if multiple terms.
Richard Howell Gleaves was a lawyer,merchant,and politician who served as the 55th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from December 7,1872 to December 14,1876. He served under Governors Franklin J. Moses,Jr. and Daniel Henry Chamberlain. A Haitian-American of mixed ancestry,Gleaves was notable as one of the highest elected black Americans during the Reconstruction Era.
George Thompson Ruby was an African-American Republican politician in Reconstruction-era Texas. Born in New York to African-American businessman Reuben Ruby and Rachel Humphey and raised in Portland,Maine,he worked in Boston and Haiti before starting teaching in New Orleans before the end of the American Civil War.
Albert Raiford Blunt,also spelled Raiford Blount and Raford Blunt,was a Baptist minister,teacher and state legislator in Louisiana. He served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana Senate.
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Thomas A. Cage was a state legislator who served in the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era and the Louisiana House of Representatives and again the Louisiana State Senate post reconstruction.
Oscar Crozier was a sugar planter and state legislator who served in the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era from 1874 until 1875.
William Harper was a state legislator who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
Robert Poindexter was a state legislator who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
Julien Joseph Monette was an officer during the American Civil War and a state legislator who served in the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
Curtis Pollard was a minister,farmer,store keeper and state legislator who served in the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
John Randall was a state legislator who served in the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
Richard Simms was a state legislator who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
Jordan R. Stewart was a state legislator who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era.
David Young was a farmer,businessman,minister and state legislator who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana State Senate during the Reconstruction era. After the civil war during which he came a free man,he became a prosperous farmer,businessman,politician and minister.
Alexander Fortune Riard,was a carpenter,merchant,lawyer and state legislator who served in the Louisiana State Senate from 1876 until 1878.
John B. Esnard was a Reconstruction era politician who served as a delegate at the 1868 Louisiana Constitutional Convention and in the in Louisiana House of Representatives 1868-1870.
James. S. Davidson was a Reconstruction era politician who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives and the Louisiana Senate.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Foner, Eric (1 August 1996). Freedom's Lawmakers: A Directory of Black Officeholders During Reconstruction. LSU Press. p. 202. ISBN 978-0-8071-2082-8 . Retrieved October 30, 2022.
- 1 2 3 4 "Ex-Senator Stamps - Death of a Colored Man Prominent in Republican Politics". The Times-Democrat. 28 November 1898. p. 3. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ↑ "Dunn elected president of Republican state convention over Gov. Warmoth". New Orleans Republican. 10 August 1870. p. 1. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ↑ "State Central Committee - Republican party". New Orleans Republican. 8 September 1870. p. 5. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ↑ "Official Journal of the Sixth General Assembly (5th day)". The New Orleans Daily Democrat. 14 January 1879. p. 7. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ↑ "Republican State Convention". New Orleans Republican. 8 August 1874. p. 1. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
- ↑ Times-Picayune, James Karst, NOLA com. "The short-lived civil rights act of 1875: Our Times". NOLA.com. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ↑ March 02, Date (2 March 2016). "Southern University to observe its annual Founders' Day, March 9". Southern University and A&M College. Retrieved 4 November 2022.
{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
