Tata-box binding protein like 2

Last updated
TBPL2
Identifiers
Aliases TBPL2 , TBP2, TRF3, TATA-box binding protein like 2
External IDs OMIM: 608964 MGI: 2684058 HomoloGene: 133152 GeneCards: TBPL2
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

387332

227606

Ensembl

ENSG00000182521

ENSMUSG00000061809

UniProt

Q6SJ96

Q6SJ95

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_199047

NM_001289689
NM_199059

RefSeq (protein)

NP_950248

NP_001276618
NP_951014

Location (UCSC) Chr 14: 55.41 – 55.46 Mb n/a
PubMed search [2] [3]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

TATA-box binding protein like 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBPL2 gene. [4] The TBPL2 protein is also known as TBP-related factor 3 (TRF3) and TATA binding protein 2 (TBP2). The protein was independently discovered in three laboratories as a vertebrate-specific family member of TATA-binding protein (TBP). [5] [6] [7] Orthologs have been identified in mouse, frog ( Xenopus tropicalis ) and fish ( Danio rerio ). Whereas the TBP gene is found in all eukaryotes, TBPL2 is only found in vertebrates. [8] [9]

Contents

Molecular properties

Similar to TBP, TBPL2 can bind to the TATA box. It interacts with other general transcription factors such as TFIIA and TFIIB and promotes transcription initiation in vitro. [6] [7] The core domain, which mediates this binding to DNA, shows 95% identity between TBP and TBPL2. [9] The N-terminal domain of TBPL2 exhibits only limited homology to that of TBP.

Expression and function

Early reports mistakenly suggested a wide expression pattern of TBPL2. The main site of expression, however, is the oocyte, where it acts as a replacement factor for TBP. [7] [10] [11] [12] Knockout mice are normal and viable, but females are not fertile in the absence of TBPL2 due to a defect in folliculogenesis. [13] TBPL2 has also been identified as a factor necessary to reprogram stem cells to oocytes. [14]

Related Research Articles

In molecular biology, the TATA box is a sequence of DNA found in the core promoter region of genes in archaea and eukaryotes. The bacterial homolog of the TATA box is called the Pribnow box which has a shorter consensus sequence.

Transcription preinitiation complex Complex of proteins necessary for gene transcription in eukaryotes and archaea

The preinitiation complex is a complex of approximately 100 proteins that is necessary for the transcription of protein-coding genes in eukaryotes and archaea. The preinitiation complex positions RNA polymerase II at gene transcription start sites, denatures the DNA, and positions the DNA in the RNA polymerase II active site for transcription.

General transcription factor

General transcription factors (GTFs), also known as basal transcriptional factors, are a class of protein transcription factors that bind to specific sites (promoter) on DNA to activate transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA. GTFs, RNA polymerase, and the mediator constitute the basic transcriptional apparatus that first bind to the promoter, then start transcription. GTFs are also intimately involved in the process of gene regulation, and most are required for life.

TATA-binding protein

The TATA-binding protein (TBP) is a general transcription factor that binds specifically to a DNA sequence called the TATA box. This DNA sequence is found about 30 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site in some eukaryotic gene promoters.

Transcription factor II D (TFIID) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex. RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells. It consists of RNA polymerase II, a subset of general transcription factors, and regulatory proteins known as SRB proteins. Before the start of transcription, the transcription Factor II D (TFIID) complex binds to the TATA box in the core promoter of the gene.

Transcription factor TFIIA is a nuclear protein involved in the RNA polymerase II-dependent transcription of DNA. TFIIA is one of several general (basal) transcription factors (GTFs) that are required for all transcription events that use RNA polymerase II. Other GTFs include TFIID, a complex composed of the TATA binding protein TBP and TBP-associated factors (TAFs), as well as the factors TFIIB, TFIIE, TFIIF, and TFIIH. Together, these factors are responsible for promoter recognition and the formation of a transcription preinitiation complex (PIC) capable of initiating RNA synthesis from a DNA template.

TAF6

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF6 gene.

TAF7

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 7 also known as TAFII55 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF7 gene.

TAF1

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1, also known as transcription initiation factor TFIID 250 kDa subunit (TAFII-250) or TBP-associated factor 250 kDa (p250), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF1 gene.

TAF9 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TAF9 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated factor, 32kDa, also known as TAF9, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF9 gene.

TAF4

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF4 gene.

TAF10

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF10 gene.

TAF5

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF5 gene.

TAF11

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 11 also known as TAFII28, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF11 gene.

BTAF1 Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

TATA-binding protein-associated factor 172 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BTAF1 gene.

TAF13

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF13 gene.

GTF2A1L

TFIIA-alpha and beta-like factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF2A1L gene.

TBPL1

TATA box-binding protein-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TBPL1 gene.

GTF2A1

Transcription initiation factor IIA subunit 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GTF2A1 gene.

TAF9B

Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 9B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAF9B gene.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000182521 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  3. ↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ↑ "Entrez Gene: TATA-box binding protein like 2" . Retrieved 2018-01-31.
  5. ↑ Persengiev SP, Zhu X, Dixit BL, Maston GA, Kittler EL, Green MR (December 2003). "TRF3, a TATA-box-binding protein-related factor, is vertebrate-specific and widely expressed". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (25): 14887–91. Bibcode:2003PNAS..10014887P. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2036440100 . PMC   299843 . PMID   14634207.
  6. 1 2 Bártfai R, Balduf C, Hilton T, Rathmann Y, Hadzhiev Y, Tora L, et al. (April 2004). "TBP2, a vertebrate-specific member of the TBP family, is required in embryonic development of zebrafish". Current Biology. 14 (7): 593–8. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2004.03.034 . PMID   15062100. S2CID   20128.
  7. 1 2 3 Jallow Z, Jacobi UG, Weeks DL, Dawid IB, Veenstra GJ (September 2004). "Specialized and redundant roles of TBP and a vertebrate-specific TBP paralog in embryonic gene regulation in Xenopus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (37): 13525–30. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10113525J. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0405536101 . PMC   518790 . PMID   15345743.
  8. ↑ Duttke SH (March 2015). "Evolution and diversification of the basal transcription machinery". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 40 (3): 127–9. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2015.01.005. PMC   4410091 . PMID   25661246.
  9. 1 2 Akhtar W, Veenstra GJ (June 2011). "TBP-related factors: a paradigm of diversity in transcription initiation". Cell & Bioscience. 1 (1): 23. doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-1-23 . PMC   3142196 . PMID   21711503.
  10. ↑ Gazdag E, Rajkovic A, Torres-Paddilla ME, Tora L (July 2007). "Analysis of TATA-binding protein 2 (TBP2) and TBP expression suggests different roles for the two proteins in regulation of gene expression during oogenesis and early mouse development". Reproduction. 134 (1): 51–62. doi: 10.1530/REP-06-0337 . PMID   17641088.
  11. ↑ Akhtar W, Veenstra GJ (August 2009). "TBP2 is a substitute for TBP in Xenopus oocyte transcription". BMC Biology. 7: 45. doi: 10.1186/1741-7007-7-45 . PMC   2731028 . PMID   19650908.
  12. ↑ Yu C, Cvetesic N, Hisler V, Gupta K, Ye T, Gazdag E, Negroni L, Hajkova P, Berger I, Lenhard B, Müller F, Vincent SD, Tora L (22 December 2020). "TBPL2/TFIIA complex establishes the maternal transcriptome through oocyte-specific promoter usage". Nature Communications. 11 (1): 6439. Bibcode:2020NatCo..11.6439Y. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20239-4 . PMC   7755920 . PMID   33353944.
  13. ↑ Gazdag E, Santenard A, Ziegler-Birling C, Altobelli G, Poch O, Tora L, Torres-Padilla ME (September 2009). "TBP2 is essential for germ cell development by regulating transcription and chromatin condensation in the oocyte". Genes & Development. 23 (18): 2210–2223. doi: 10.1101/gad.535209 . PMC   2751983 . PMID   19759265.
  14. ↑ Hamazaki N, Kyogoku H, Araki H, Miura F, Horikawa C, Hamada N, Shimamoto S, Hikabe O, Nakashima K, Kitajima T, Ito T, Leitch HG, Hayashi K (December 2020). "Reconstitution of the oocyte transcriptional network with transcription factors". Nature. 589 (7841): 264–269. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-3027-9. hdl: 10044/1/86296 . PMID   33328630. S2CID   229293175.

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