The Woeful Lamentation of Jane Shore

Last updated

The Woeful Lamentation of Jane Shore is an English broadside ballad from the 17th century. It tells the story of Jane Shore, a mistress of King Edward IV, and her downfall after the death of Edward. Copies of the broadside can be found at the British Library, the University of Glasgow Library, and Magdalene College, Cambridge.

Contents

Synopsis

The ballad is broken up into two parts. In the first part, Jane Shore laments her downfall after the death of King Edward IV. Jane tells us that her parents forced her to marry young against her will to a man named Matthew Shore. She had a "wanton mind" and spend her life "lewdly," living on Lombard Street, where she showed off her beauty. Eventually, her name made it to the royal court and she caught the eye of King Edward IV, who fell in love with her. Through lust and pride, and in part because of the encouragement of her friend and neighbor, Mrs. Blague, she "defiled her bed" with the King and became his concubine. She reaps the rewards of the courtly life, including a good living and the ability to command Edward at will, while her husband grieves and eventually leaves England to spend the rest of his life as a sailor.

When Edward dies, and after a very brief succession by his 12-year-old son, Edward V, his brother, Richard III, becomes king and turns against the friends of Edward, including Jane Shore. He forces her to do public penance in Lombard Street, where thousands of people see her dressed in a sheet. He takes all of her clothes and money and vows that nobody will be able to help her. She turns to Mrs. Blague for help, but Mrs. Blague refuses to give her back her diamonds, and throws her out. When a man she had helped out once offers her food, Richard sentences him to death. She becomes a beggar and dies naked in a ditch by the side of the road. She warns other maidens not to become like her.

The second part of the ballad is told from the standpoint of Matthew Shore, who tells Jane that she has brought him to disgrace. He cries every day for being cuckolded, and finally leaves for Flanders, France, Spain, and Turkey. He goes to a fortune teller and looks in a crystal ball, where he sees Jane embracing Edward, and then sees her dead, naked in the street. He finally goes back to England, where he is sentenced to death for "clipping gold."

Cultural and Historical Significance

Francis James Child says that this ballad "adheres to matter of fact with a fidelity very uncommon," citing the description of Jane Shore from Michael Drayton's notes following a letter from Shore to King Edward included in his England's Historical Epistles (1597). In these notes, Drayton describes Shore as follows: "Her stature was meane, her haire of a dark yellow, her face round and full, her eye gray, delicate harmony being betwixt each part's proportion, and each proportion's colour, her body fat, white, and smooth, her countenance cheerfull and like to her condition." [1]

Richard Helgerson argues that the ballad drew on the version of the story as told by Thomas Heywood, where Jane's "tears have become nourishment for London audiences." According to Helgerson, Jane's story is popular with audiences because the everyday domestic world that they belong to is elevated to the status of tragedy. [2]

Other Versions of the Jane Shore Story

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jane Shore</span> Mistress of King Edward IV of England

Elizabeth "Jane" Shore was one of the many mistresses of King Edward IV of England. She became the best-known to history through being later accused of conspiracy by the future King Richard III, and compelled to do public penance. She was also a sometime mistress of other noblemen, including Edward's stepson, Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset, and William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings but ended her life in bourgeois respectability.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth Woodville</span> Queen of England (1464–70), (1471–83)

Elizabeth Woodville, later known as Dame Elizabeth Grey, was Queen of England from her marriage to King Edward IV on 1 May 1464 until Edward was deposed on 3 October 1470, and again from Edward's resumption of the throne on 11 April 1471 until his death on 9 April 1483. She was a key figure in the Wars of the Roses, a dynastic civil war between the Lancastrian and the Yorkist factions between 1455 and 1487.

Lady Eleanor Talbot, also known by her married name Eleanor Butler, was an English noblewoman. She was a daughter of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury. After the death of Edward IV of England in 1483 it was claimed by Robert Stillington, Bishop of Bath and Wells, that she had had a legal precontract of marriage to Edward, which invalidated the king's later marriage to Elizabeth Woodville. According to Richard Duke of Gloucester, this meant that he, rather than Edward's sons, was the true heir to the throne. Richard took the crown and imprisoned Edward's sons, who subsequently disappeared.

<i>Richard III</i> (play) Shakespearean history play

Richard III is a play by William Shakespeare. It was probably written c. 1592–1594. It is labelled a history in the First Folio, and is usually considered one, but it is sometimes called a tragedy, as in the quarto edition. Richard III concludes Shakespeare's first tetralogy and depicts the Machiavellian rise to power and subsequent short reign of King Richard III of England.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alice Perrers</span>

Alice Perrers, also known as Alice de Windsor was an English royal mistress, lover of Edward III, King of England. As a result of his patronage, she became the wealthiest and most influential woman in the country. She was widely despised and accused of taking advantage of the old king.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">The King and the Beggar-maid</span> Painting

"The King and the Beggar-maid" is a 16th-century broadside ballad that tells of an African king, Cophetua, and his love for the beggar Penelophon. Artists and writers have referenced the story, and King Cophetua has become a byword for "a man who falls in love with a woman instantly and proposes marriage immediately".

Match me in London is a Jacobean era tragicomedy written by Thomas Dekker. It was written around 1621 and was relicensed without fee by George Buc on 21 August 1623 as 'an Old Playe'. On 8 November 1630 it was entered in the Stationers' Register and printed in a quarto in 1631. The play was dedicated to 'The Noble Lover, of the Muses, Lodowick Carlell, Esquire, Gentleman of the Bowes, and Groome of the King, and Queene's Privy-Chamber'.

<i>The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck</i> 1830 novel by Mary Shelley

The Fortunes of Perkin Warbeck: A Romance is an 1830 historical novel by Mary Shelley about the life of Perkin Warbeck. The book takes a Yorkist point of view and proceeds from the conceit that Perkin Warbeck died in childhood and the supposed impostor was indeed Richard of Shrewsbury. Henry VII of England is repeatedly described as a "fiend" who hates Elizabeth of York, his wife and Richard's sister, and the future Henry VIII, mentioned only twice in the novel, is a vile youth who abuses dogs. Her preface establishes that records of the Tower of London, as well as the histories of Edward Hall, Raphael Holinshed, and Francis Bacon, the letters of Sir John Ramsay to Henry VII that are printed in the Appendix to John Pinkerton's History of Scotland establish this as fact. Each chapter opens with a quotation. The entire book is prefaced with a quotation in French by Georges Chastellain and Jean Molinet.

Thomas Preston (1537–1598) was an English master of Trinity Hall, Cambridge, and possibly a dramatist.

Anne Easter Smith is an English-American historical novelist known for her series of novels set in England in the 15th C.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">English and British royal mistress</span>

In the English or British court, a royal mistress is a woman who is the lover of a member of the royal family, specifically the king. She may be taken either before or after his accession to the throne. Although it generally is only used of females, by extrapolation, the relation can cover any lover of the monarch whether male or female. Queen Elizabeth I is said to have had many male favorites although it is not known whether the relationships were sexual or not.

Edward IV, Parts 1 and 2 is a two-part Elizabethan history play centring on the personal life of King Edward IV of England. It was published without an author's name attached, but is often attributed to Thomas Heywood, perhaps writing with collaborators.

Edward IV of England has been depicted in popular culture a number of times.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Elizabeth Hartley (actress)</span>

Elizabeth Hartley (1750?–1824) was one of the most celebrated actors on the London stage in the 1700s. She was also notorious for the role she played in society scandals including "The Vauxhall Affray".

<i>An Age of Kings</i> 1960 British TV series

An Age of Kings is a fifteen-part serial adaptation of the eight sequential history plays of William Shakespeare, produced and broadcast in Britain by the BBC in 1960. The United States broadcast of the series the following year was hosted by University of Southern California professor Frank Baxter, who provided an introduction for each episode specifically tailored for the American audience. At the time, the show was the most ambitious Shakespearean television adaptation ever made, and was a critical and commercial success in both the UK and the US.

The Wandering Jew's Chronicle is an English broadside ballad dating back to the 17th century, with The Wandering Jew as its narrator. From the point of view of the titular character, this ballad tells the history of the English monarchs, beginning with William the Conqueror, and continuing through King Charles II in early versions, and King George II in later versions. The ballad, according to Giles Bergel, dates back to an initial publication of 1634. Copies of the ballad can be found at the British Library and Magdalene College. Online facsimiles of the text are also available for public consumption.

The complaint and lamentation of Mistress Arden of Feversham in Kent is a 17th-century English broadside ballad that details the murder of Thomas Arden by his wife Alice, her lover Mosby, and several others in 1551 in the town of Faversham, Kent. The ballad's full title is "The complaint and lamentation of Mistresse Arden of / Feversham in Kent, who for the loue of one Mosbie, hired certaine Ruffians / and Villaines most cruelly to murder her Husband; with the fatall end of her and her / Associats." It was entered into the Stationers' Register on July 8, 1663. The ballad is framed as the scaffold confession of Alice Arden, related in the moments before her execution by burning at the stake. The events in the ballad closely parallel both the source text for the event, Raphael Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the anonymous 16th-century English play Arden of Faversham. The British Library holds the only existing copy of the ballad in their Roxburghe collection.

Amintor's Lamentation for Celia's Unkindness is an English broadside ballad from the 17th century that tells the story of a young man who falls in love the coy Celia who does not love him back, and leaves the country to avoid him. The ballad begins with Amintor lamenting her refusal to return his love, and concludes with Celia's response, in which she accuses Amintor of using charm and arts to try to steal her purity. Sung to the tune of "Since Celia's My Foe." Copies of the broadside can be found in the British Library and the National Library of Scotland. On-line transcriptions of the ballad are also available for public consumption.

References

  1. Francis James Child, English and Scottish Ballads, Vol. 17. Boston: The Riverside Press, 1880 (pg. 194)
  2. Richard Helgerson, Adulterous Alliances: Home, State, and History in Early Modern Drama and Painting. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2000 (pg. 51)
  3. F. Mowbray Velte, The Bourgeois Elements in the Dramas of Thomas Heywood. Mysore: Wesleyan Mission Press, 1924; reprint ed. New York: Haskell House, 1966 (pg. 23)
  4. Helgerson, 50
  5. Nicholas Rowe, The Life and Character of Jane Shore. Collected from our Best Historians, Chiefly from the Writings of Sir Thomas More; who was her Contemporary, and Personally Knew Her Tragedy. London: J. Morphew, 1714
  6. S. Ring, The Unfortunate Concubine; or, History of Jane Shore, Mistress to Edward IV. King of England; Showing How She Came to Be Concubine to the King; with an Account of Her Untimely Death. New York: W. Grattan, Printer, 1821