A four-wheel drive, also called 4×4 or 4WD, is a two-axled vehicle drivetrain capable of providing torque to all of its wheels simultaneously. It may be full-time or on-demand, and is typically linked via a transfer case providing an additional output drive shaft and, in many instances, additional gear ranges.
Hybrid Synergy Drive (HSD), also known as Toyota Hybrid System II, is the brand name of Toyota Motor Corporation for the hybrid car drive train technology used in vehicles with the Toyota and Lexus marques. First introduced on the Prius, the technology is an option on several other Toyota and Lexus vehicles and has been adapted for the electric drive system of the hydrogen-powered Mirai, and for a plug-in hybrid version of the Prius. Previously, Toyota also licensed its HSD technology to Nissan for use in its Nissan Altima Hybrid. Its parts supplier Aisin offers similar hybrid transmissions to other car companies.
Toyota Motor Corporation's W family is a family of RWD/4WD transmissions built by Aisin. Physically, these transmissions have much in common with other Aisin-built transmissions, like the Jeep AX-5 and the Toyota G-series. The W55, W56, W57, W58, and W59 are externally and internally very similar aside from the gear ratios.
Torsen Torque-Sensing is a type of limited-slip differential used in automobiles.
TorqueFlite is the trademarked name of Chrysler Corporation's automatic transmissions, starting with the three-speed unit introduced late in the 1956 model year as a successor to Chrysler's two-speed PowerFlite. In the 1990s, the TorqueFlite name was dropped in favor of alphanumeric designations, although the latest Chrysler eight-speed automatic transmission has revived the name.
Toyota Motor Corporation's U family is a family of automatic front-wheel drive/rear-wheel drive/four-wheel drive transmissions found in later vehicle models.
The 4T60-E is a series of automatic transmissions from General Motors. Designed for transverse engine configurations, the series includes 4 forward gears. The 4Txx family is an evolution of the original Turbo-Hydramatic 125 transverse automatic introduced in the late 1970s and the Turbo-Hydramatic 440 transmission developed in the mid-1980s.
The Ultradrive is an automatic transmission manufactured by Chrysler beginning in the 1989 model year.
The Ford C3 transmission and its descendants are a family of light-duty longitudinal automatic transmissions built by the Ford Motor Company.
Vehicles made by American Motors Corporation (AMC) and Jeep incorporated a variety of transmissions and transfer case systems. This article covers transmissions used in the following vehicle models and years:
The Toyota K CVT transmission is a series of continuously variable transmissions (CVT) found in many Toyota and Lexus automobiles. The transmissions are manufactured for the company by Aisin, an automotive parts manufacturer that is part of the Toyota Group of companies. A CVT is a type of automatic transmission that can change seamlessly through a continuous range of gear ratios. This contrasts with other transmissions that provide a limited number of gear ratios in fixed steps. The K series uses two pulleys connected by a belt.
The Aisin AW F8FXX series is the world's first 8-speed automatic transmission designed for use in transverse engine applications. Aisin designed the transmission to package in the same space as preceding 6-speed designs, while increasing the total gear spread and reducing gear spacing. It is also called the EAT8 (PSA), GA8F22AW, TG-81SC (Volvo), AF50-8 (Opel/Vauxhall), AWF8F45 (Cadillac), and AQ450 (Volkswagen Group). First usage was in the 2013 model year Lexus RX350 F Sport.
Toyota Motor Corporation's RC family is a family of 6-speed RWD/4WD transmissions. The RC transmission uses an output reduction method to achieve a compact construction. A double overdrive is used. A multi-cone synchromesh mechanism is used for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd gears to improve shift feel. Similar in some aspects to the older RA transmission, the RC features a separate clutch housing and uses a steel release bearing sleeve to improve serviceability and service life.
The Toyota Sprinter Carib is a front engine, all-wheel drive station wagon produced by Toyota under the Sprinter nameplate from 1982 until 2002. The first generation was based on second generation Tercel and exported as Tercel AWD wagon, while the last two generations were based on Corolla/Sprinter wagons and exported as Corolla wagons.
Toyota Motor Corporation's L-series of HybridSynergyDrive (HSD) transmissions are hybrid gearboxes containing 2 electric motors, one for driving the wheels and one for controlling the ratio between the engine and the electric drive motor, as well as an optional 2 or 4 speed planetary transmission attached to the end of the HSD device OR a conventional automatic transmission that uses an electric drive motor instead of a torque converter for additional vehicle propulsion.
