Traikutaka dynasty | |||||||||||
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c. 388 CE–c. 456 CE | |||||||||||
Common languages | Sanskrit Prakrit | ||||||||||
Religion | Hinduism | ||||||||||
History | |||||||||||
• Established | c. 388 CE | ||||||||||
• Disestablished | c. 456 CE | ||||||||||
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History of Gujarat |
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The Traikutakas were a dynasty of Indian kings who ruled between 388 and 456. The name "Traikutakas" seems to be derived from the words for a three-peaked mountain ("Tri-kuta"). The Traikutakas are mentioned in Kalidasa's Raghuvamsa, in which they are located in the area of northern Konkan. The dominions of the Traikutakas further included Aparanta and northern Maharashtra. [3]
The coins of the Traikutaras are found extensively in southern Gujarat, and southern Maharashtra beyond the Ghats. Their design is very close to that of the Western Satraps, from which they probably inherited some territories, and traces of the obverse legend with Greek letters can still be seen. [4]
Some scholars theorize that the Traikutakas were a branch of the Abhiras, [5] [6] and refer to them as the "Abhira-Traikutakas". [7] These scholars assume that the Traikutaka records were dated in the so-called Chedi-Kalachuri era, starting in 249 CE. However, later epigraphic discoveries and numismatic evidence contradicts this theory, and it is likely that the Traikutakas used the Shaka era. [8]
Indradutta, Dahrasena & Vyaghrasena were well known kings from this dynasty. [9] King Dahrasena expanded his realm, which soon bordered the Vakataka realm. This led to conflict and the Vakataka king Narendrasena, who with the help of his son & crown prince Prithivishena, probably defeated the Traikutikas, as later king Prithivishena's inscriptions refer to him twice rescuing the "sunken fortunes of his family". [10]
Traikutikas were known for their Vaishnava faith, who claimed to be Yadav of Haiheya branch. [11] [12] and Dharasena performed Ashvamedha Yajna too. [5] [13] During the reign of Maharaja Madhyamasena, the kingdom was invaded by the Vakataka king Harishena. [5] [14] The dynasty ended around AD 550, when Vikramasena, the last known king died. [14] The Traikutakas were probably reduced to a vassal status under the Vishnukundins and had to accept Madhavavarman I's authority. [14]
The following Traikuta rulers are known from the coins and inscriptions of Gupta period-
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Edward James Rapson FBA was a British numismatist, philologist and professor of Sanskrit at the University of Cambridge. He was a fellow of St. John's College. Rapson died following a sudden collapse at dinner at St. John's.
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Dharasena was a Traikutaka ruler of the Konkan coast. He was the son of the Traikutaka ruler Indradatta and succeeded him as king. He is known to have performed an ashwamedha horse sacrifice and was succeeded by his son Vyaghrasena.
the Traikutakas who were rulers of the Aparanta or Konkan and identified by some scholars with the dynasty of Abhira Isvarasena
Although the Traikutakas, who flourished in the northern Konkan in the flfth century, may have been a branch of the Abhira tribe, Mayurasarman's inscription points to the separate existence of the Abhira and Traikutaka kingdoms in the fourth century.
It is clear that the rule previous to that of the Gurjaras was that of the Traikutakas who claimed to be Haihayas by descent and whose capital Trikuta not yet well identified is mentioned even in the Rāmāyaṇa and in Kalidasa's Raghuvansha.