University of Louisville School of Medicine

Last updated

University of Louisville
School of Medicine
UofL Med School.png
TypePublic
Established1837;187 years ago (1837)
Parent institution
 University of Louisville
Endowment $480.9 million[ citation needed ]
Dean Jeffrey M. Bumpous (interim)
Students630
Location
Louisville
,
Kentucky
,
U.S.
Campus Urban
Colors Red, Black, Yellow, Gray
        [1]
Website louisville.edu/medicine

The University of Louisville School of Medicine at the University of Louisville is a medical school located in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. Opened as the Louisville Medical Institute in 1837, it is one of the oldest medical schools in North America and the 9th oldest in the United States. [2]

Contents

University of Louisville researchers achieved the first implantation of the first fully self-contained artificial heart, [3] the first successful hand transplant in the world, [4] the first five hand transplants in the United States and nine hand transplants in eight recipients as of 2008,[ citation needed ] the first discovery of embryonic-like stem cells in adult human bone marrow, [5] and the first proof that adult nasal stem cells can grow to become other types of cells. [5] In 2013, U.S. News & World Report ranked the University of Louisville School of Medicine #76 in research in its annual list of Best Medical Schools in the United States. [6]

The school offers several dual degree programs including MD/MS, MD/MA, MD/MBA, MD/MPH, and MD/PhD degrees. For the 2017 entering class, 162 students enrolled in the Doctor of Medicine (M.D.) program.

History

Louisville Medical Institute

By the early 1830s, Louisville had become a center for inland transportation into the United States. Seeking to develop cultural institutions, citizens (notably town trustee and future United States Secretary of the Treasury James Guthrie) called for a medical school to be founded in Louisville. The city government appropriated funds for a new medical school at Eighth and Chestnut Streets. Much of the Louisville Medical Institute's early faculty came from Transylvania Medical Institute in Lexington, Kentucky.

Theodore Stout Bell, a prominent physician at Transylvania Medical Institute, helped initiate this faculty transfer by suggesting that Louisville would have better clinical cadavers for medical study than Lexington. [7] Classes at the Louisville Medical Institute began in temporary quarters in fall 1837, eventually moving to a building designed by Kentucky architect Gideon Shryock eight months later. Clinical teaching took part in the wards of Louisville City Hospital (now University Hospital). By the early 1840s, University of Louisville School of Medicine had become a distinguished center for medical education, attracting students from a wide variety of locations in the southern and western United States. [2] [8]

University of Louisville Health Sciences Campus University of Louisville School of Medicine Overview.jpg
University of Louisville Health Sciences Campus

University of Louisville Medical Department

In 1846, by ruling of the Kentucky Legislature, the Louisville Medical Institute became the Medical Department of the newly founded University of Louisville. Many notably physicians and researchers became affiliated with the medical department, including Daniel Drake, Charles Wilkins Short, J. Lawrence Smith, Benjamin Silliman, and David Wendel Yandell. [2]

In the early 1950s, Grace Marilynn James joined the faculty of the University of Louisville School of Medicine as the first African American women on staff towards ending racial segregation in Louisville area hospitals and medical professional organizations.

In May 2013, Toni M. Ganzel was selected as the next dean of the School of Medicine. [9]

Health Sciences Center

The 1960s saw a period of major growth in the University of Louisville Medical Department. University officials began construction of a Health Sciences Center, where health-related study and research would take place and the School of Medicine would be located. The Health Sciences Center included a 120,000-square-foot Medical-Dental Research Building (opened in 1963), new buildings to house the medical and dental schools, a library, and laboratory buildings. Vice President for health affairs Harold Boyer oversaw state appropriation of funds for the construction of a new teaching hospital and ambulatory care center. [10] [11]

In 1997, the Kentucky General Assembly approved House Bill 1, also known as the Higher Education Reform Act. It included the mandate that the University of Louisville become a premier metropolitan research university by 2020. [12] Today, the Health Sciences Center features over 200,000 square feet of state-of-the-art research facilities, a standardized patient clinic and one of the largest academic medical simulation centers in the United States.

There are five hospitals within walking distance of the Health Sciences Center campus, with the VA Hospital 5 minutes away, where students perform their clinical rotations. The Louisville Medical Center serves more than 500,000 patients each year:

Innovations

Throughout its history, the University of Louisville School of Medicine has been a pioneer in terms of modern medical practice and surgical procedure. Notably, the University of Louisville housed the world's first emergency room, opened in 1911 and developed by surgeon Arnold Griswold in the 1930s. Griswold also developed autotransfusion, the process by which a person receives their own blood for a transfusion rather than banked donor blood. [13]

In 1998, Dr. Roberto Bolli led a U of L team that identified an intracellular molecule that could protect the heart from ischemic myocardial damage. This group presented its findings to 40,000 cardiologists at the 1998 American Heart Association (AHA) conference. Dr. Bolli also headed a U of L team that was awarded an $11.7 million grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute—part of the National Institutes of Health—to continue to build on this research in 2005, marking the largest nationally competitive NIH grant awarded to the university. [14] NIH reviewers rated the proposed research program as exceedingly innovative and potentially high-impact, noting that it addresses an extremely important clinical problem in a way that will move treatments from the laboratory to the patient as quickly as possible. Using highly unusual language, the reviewers called the proposal "a paradigm of what a program project grant should be." [15] Dr Bolli was the lead author on the SCIPIO trial testing the effects of stem cells in heart failure. The resulting paper was retracted by The Lancet for data falsification, [16] He is or has been on the editorial board of all major cardiovascular journals and was the Editor in Chief of Circulation Research , a post from which he was dismissed for making homophobic comments He has been a member of numerous NIH study sections and committees and is a member of the NHLBI Advisory Council. He also serves as a member of the Board of Directors of the American Heart Association.

Surgeons from the University of Louisville in cooperation with the Kleinert and Kutz Hand Care Center and Jewish Hospital performed the first five hand transplants in the United States. The Hand Center performed one of the world's first cross-hand replantations, first reported repair of the digital arteries, first bilateral upper arm replantation, first bilateral forearm replantation, first reported successful technique for primary flexor tendon repair, and first vascularized epiphyseal transfer. This center has pioneered work in primary reconstruction using free tissue transfer. [17] [18] The Christine M. Kleinert Institute hand surgery fellowship program is one of the top fellowships in the world for hand and microsurgery. [19]

In 2001, University of Louisville and Jewish Hospital physicians and researchers, Drs. Laman A. Gray Jr. and Robert D. Dowling, performed the world's first implantation of the AbioCor Implantable Replacement Heart on July 2, in a seven-hour procedure at Jewish Hospital in Louisville, Kentucky. University of Louisville cardiothoracic surgeons have performed many other novel procedures, including Kentucky's first heart transplant, the world's first heart transplant following the use of a Thoratec left ventricular assist device, the world's first endoscopic saphenous vein harvest and the first ventricular remodeling in the region. [20] [21]

The James Graham Brown Cancer Center, an affiliate of Kentucky One Health and University of Louisville School of Medicine, has made several discoveries that have brought the center international attention. These discoveries include:

Brown Cancer Center scientists have developed three novel cancer treatments that are in early phase trials. Additionally, at least twenty-seven new drugs or targets which are in various stages of preclinical testing have also been developed. These treatments mark one of the most robust pipelines of any cancer center in the world. Accordingly, a biotech company partially owned by the University of Louisville/Brown Cancer Center, Advanced Cancer Therapeutics, has been initiated to ensure drugs are developed locally and quickly. The goal of the cancer center is to achieve National Cancer Institute designation, a goal they are on track to receive in the near future.

Students

The general applicant pool has become increasingly competitive. Kentucky residents are selected for 120 of the approximately 155 seats in the School of Medicine program each year. Out of state seats are awarded to those with superior academic achievement, MCAT scores, research, community service and/or ties to Kentucky.

The entering Class of 2013 consisted of:

The School of Medicine offers several joint degree programs including MD/MA through the Interdisciplinary Master of Arts in Bioethics and Medical Humanities, MD/MS through the School of Public Health & Information Sciences, MD/MBA through the UofL College of Business, and MD/PhD through any of the basic research departments in the School of Medicine: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Anatomy & Neurobiology, Microbiology & Immunology and Physiology & Biophysics. Arrangements can be made in special cases to design a program based in one of the degree-granting programs located at UofL's Belknap Campus.

Upon matriculation, each incoming student is assigned to one of six Advisory Colleges.

Notable alumni

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Louisville</span> Public research university in Louisville, Kentucky, U.S.

The University of Louisville (UofL) is a public research university in Louisville, Kentucky. It is part of the Kentucky state university system. When founded in 1798, it was one of the first city-owned public colleges in the United States and one of the first universities chartered west of the Allegheny Mountains. The university is mandated by the Kentucky General Assembly to be a "Preeminent Metropolitan Research University". It enrolls students from 118 of 120 Kentucky counties, all 50 U.S. states, and 116 countries around the world.

The Stanford University School of Medicine is the medical school of Stanford University and is located in Stanford, California, United States. It traces its roots to the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific, founded in San Francisco in 1858. This medical institution, then called Cooper Medical College, was acquired by Stanford in 1908. The medical school moved to the Stanford campus near Palo Alto, California, in 1959.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Baylor College of Medicine</span> Medical school in Houston, Texas

Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) is a medical school and research center in Houston, Texas, within the Texas Medical Center, the world's largest medical center. BCM is composed of four academic components: the School of Medicine, the Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences; the School of Health Professions, and the National School of Tropical Medicine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cedars-Sinai Medical Center</span> Hospital in California, United States

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center is a non-profit, tertiary, 915-bed teaching hospital and multi-specialty academic health science center located in Los Angeles, California. Part of the Cedars-Sinai Health System, the hospital has a staff of over 2,000 physicians and 10,000 employees, supported by a team of 2,000 volunteers and more than 40 community groups. As of 2022–23, U.S. News & World Report ranked Cedars-Sinai among the top performing hospitals in the western United States. Cedars-Sinai is a teaching hospital affiliate of David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), which was ranked in the top 20 on the U.S. News 2023 Best Medical Schools: Research.

The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center is a public academic health science center in Dallas, Texas. With approximately 23,000 employees, more than 3,000 full-time faculty, and nearly 4 million outpatient visits per year, UT Southwestern is the largest medical school in the University of Texas System and the State of Texas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine</span> Medical school of the University of Toronto

The Temerty Faculty of Medicine is the medical school of the University of Toronto. Founded in 1843, the faculty is based in Downtown Toronto and is one of Canada's oldest institutions of medical studies, being known for the discovery of insulin, stem cells and the site of the first single and double lung transplants in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">E. Donnall Thomas</span> American hematologist

Edward Donnall "Don" Thomas was an American physician, professor emeritus at the University of Washington, and director emeritus of the clinical research division at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. In 1990 he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Joseph E. Murray for the development of cell and organ transplantation. Thomas and his wife and research partner Dottie Thomas developed bone marrow transplantation as a treatment for leukemia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Rochester Medical Center</span> The University of Rochesters main medical campus

The University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC), now known as UR Medicine, is located in Rochester, New York, is one of the main campuses of the University of Rochester and comprises the university's primary medical education, research and patient care facilities.

UC San Diego Health is the academic health system of the University of California, San Diego in San Diego, California. It is the only academic health system serving San Diego and has one of three adult Level I trauma centers in the region. In operation since 1966, it comprises three major hospitals: UC San Diego Medical Center in Hillcrest, Jacobs Medical Center in La Jolla, and UC San Diego Health East Campus Medical Center in East County. The La Jolla campus also includes the Moores Cancer Center, Shiley Eye Institute, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, and Koman Family Outpatient Pavilion, and the health system also includes several outpatient sites located throughout San Diego County. UC San Diego Health works closely with the university's School of Medicine and Skaggs School of Pharmacy to provide training to medical and pharmacy students and advanced clinical care to patients.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine</span> Medical school of the University of Miami

Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine (UMMSM) is the University of Miami's graduate medical school in Miami, Florida. Founded in 1952, it is the oldest medical school in the state of Florida.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai</span> American medical school

The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, formerly the Mount Sinai School of Medicine, is a private medical school in New York City, New York, United States. The school is the academic teaching arm of the Mount Sinai Health System, which manages eight hospital campuses in the New York metropolitan area, including Mount Sinai Hospital and the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine</span>

The Faculty of Medicine at the University of Ottawa is a bilingual medical school in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada founded in 1945. It is located at a campus centred on Roger-Guindon Hall in the east end of Ottawa and is attached to the Ottawa Hospital's General Campus. The Health Sciences Complex is separate from the downtown University of Ottawa campus.

The Duke University School of Medicine, commonly known as Duke Med, is the medical school of Duke University. It was established in 1925 by James B. Duke.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">City of Hope National Medical Center</span> U.S. clinical research center and hospital

City of Hope is a private, non-profit clinical research center, hospital and graduate school located in Duarte, California, United States. The center's main campus resides on 110 acres (45 ha) of land adjacent to the boundaries of Duarte and Irwindale, with a network of clinical practice locations throughout Southern California, satellite offices in Monrovia and Irwindale, and regional fundraising offices throughout the United States.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Georgetown University Medical Center</span> Private medical research center in Washington, D.C.

Georgetown University Medical Center is a Washington, D.C.-based biomedical research and educational organization affiliated with Georgetown University that is responsible for over 80% of the university's sponsored research funding and is led by Edward B. Healton, MD, the Executive Vice President for Health Sciences and Executive Dean of the School of Medicine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vanderbilt University School of Medicine</span>

Vanderbilt University School of Medicine (VUSM) is the graduate medical school of Vanderbilt University, a private research university located in Nashville, Tennessee. The School of Medicine is primarily housed within the Eskind Biomedical Library which sits at the intersection of the Vanderbilt University and Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) campuses and claims several Nobel laureates in the field of medicine. Through the Vanderbilt Health Affiliated Network, VUSM is affiliated with over 60 hospitals and 5,000 clinicians across Tennessee and five neighboring states which manage more than 2 million patient visits each year. As the home hospital of the medical school, VUMC is considered one of the largest academic medical centers in the United States and is the primary resource for specialty and primary care in hundreds of adult and pediatric specialties for patients throughout the Mid-South.

Duke University Hospital is a 1048 -bed acute care facility and an academic tertiary care facility located in Durham, North Carolina, United States. Established in 1930, it is the flagship teaching hospital for the Duke University Health System, a network of physicians and hospitals serving Durham County and Wake County, North Carolina, and surrounding areas, as well as one of three Level I referral centers for the Research Triangle of North Carolina. It is affiliated with the Duke University School of Medicine.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">NYU Langone Health</span> Hospital in New York, United States

NYU Langone Health is an academic medical center located in New York City, New York, United States. The health system consists of the NYU Grossman School of Medicine and NYU Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, both part of New York University (NYU), and more than 300 locations throughout the New York City Region and Florida, including six inpatient facilities: Tisch Hospital; Kimmel Pavilion; NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital; Hassenfeld Children's Hospital; NYU Langone Hospital – Brooklyn; and NYU Langone Hospital – Long Island. It is also home to Rusk Rehabilitation. NYU Langone Health is one of the largest healthcare systems in the Northeast, with more than 49,000 employees.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">University of Maryland Medical Center</span> Hospital in Maryland, United States

The University of Maryland Medical Center (UMMC) is a teaching hospital with 806 beds based in Baltimore, Maryland, that provides the full range of health care to people throughout Maryland and the Mid-Atlantic region. It gets more than 26,000 inpatient admissions and 284,000 outpatient visits each year. UMMC has approximately 9,050 employees at the UMMC Downtown Campus, as well as 1,300 attending physicians and 950 resident physicians across the Downtown and the Midtown campuses. UMMC provides training for about half of Maryland's physicians and other health care professionals. All members of the medical staff are on the faculty of the University of Maryland School of Medicine.

UofL Health is a fully integrated regional academic health system based in Louisville, Kentucky formed by the reorganization of KentuckyOne Health in conjunction with the acquisition of that system by the University of Louisville from Catholic Health Initiatives in 2019. The resulting health care system combined University of Louisville Hospital and the various hospitals and medical centers of KentuckyOne under one management umbrella.

References

  1. ↑ "Primary Color Palette". University of Louisville. March 23, 2015. Archived from the original on January 10, 2018. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 Horine, Emmet Field (July 1933). "A History of the Louisville Medical Institute and of the Establishment of the University of Louisville and Its School of Medicine, 1833–1846". Filson Club History Quarterly. 7 (3): 133–47.
  3. ↑ Altman, Lawrence K. (July 4, 2001). "Self-Contained Mechanical Heart Throbs for First Time in a Human". The New York Times . Archived from the original on October 18, 2015. Retrieved August 8, 2015.
  4. ↑ Altman, Lawrence K. (January 26, 1999). "Doctors in Louisville Perform Nation's First Hand Transplant". The New York Times . Archived from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2015.
  5. 1 2 "HSC Master Plan: Background". Archived from the original on November 3, 2014. Retrieved August 8, 2015.
  6. ↑ "University of Louisville Best Medical Schools". Archived from the original on May 23, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  7. ↑ Papangelis, Penelope (2001). "Medical Schools". In Kleber, John E. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Louisville. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. p. 604. ISBN   0-8131-2100-0. OCLC   247857447. Archived from the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  8. ↑ Cox, Dwayne (2001). "Louisville Medical Institute". In Kleber, John E. (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Louisville. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. p. 561. ISBN   0-8131-2100-0. OCLC   247857447. Archived from the original on March 13, 2023. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  9. ↑ "Dr. Toni Ganzel named dean of UofL School of Medicine". Archived from the original on July 26, 2013. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  10. ↑ "University of Louisville College Portrait". Collegeportraits.org. Archived from the original on September 3, 2012. Retrieved September 17, 2012.
  11. ↑ "University of Louisville | Best Medical School | US News". Grad-schools.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com. Archived from the original on September 27, 2012. Retrieved September 17, 2012.
  12. ↑ "HSC Master Plan". Archived from the original on November 3, 2014. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  13. ↑ "History of the School of Medicine — School of Medicine University of Louisville". louisville.edu. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  14. ↑ Watkins, Morgan. "U of L criticizes professor's homophobic email to Louisville Ballet". The Courier-Journal. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  15. ↑ "Roberto Bolli". University of Louisville. Archived from the original on December 21, 2013. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  16. ↑ The Lancet Editors (March 16, 2019). "Retraction—Cardiac stem cells in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (SCIPIO): initial results of a randomised phase 1 trial". The Lancet. 393 (10176): 1084. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(19)30542-2. ISSN   0140-6736. PMC   6497141 . PMID   30894259.{{cite journal}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  17. ↑ "Surgeon known for first hand transplant in US dead at 92". Antelope Valley Press. October 14, 2020. Archived from the original on October 17, 2020. Retrieved March 25, 2021.
  18. ↑ Boyett, Frank. "Boyett: Local woman's loss of both arms led to pioneer reattachment surgery at Louisville hospital". The Gleaner. Archived from the original on May 18, 2024. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  19. ↑ "Christine M Kleinert Institute Fellowship Programs". Archived from the original on July 29, 2013. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  20. ↑ Schneider, Grace. "First local heart transplant was 30 years ago". The Courier-Journal. Archived from the original on May 18, 2024. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  21. ↑ "AbioCor Implantation". Heart Pioneers. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved May 30, 2013.
  22. ↑ "School of Medicine Statistics". Archived from the original on May 18, 2024. Retrieved June 15, 2014.
  23. ↑ "Advisory Board". www2.hu-berlin.de. Archived from the original on August 30, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2022.

38°14′54.2″N85°44′54.6″W / 38.248389°N 85.748500°W / 38.248389; -85.748500

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.