Vineyard style

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The vineyard style is a design of a concert hall where the seating surrounds the stage, rising up in serried rows in the manner of the sloping terraces of a vineyard. It may be contrasted with the shoebox style, which has a rectangular auditorium and a stage at one end (as at the Musikverein). Other possibilities are the fan-shaped (as at the Barbican) and the arena (as at the Royal Albert Hall). The design might be considered a musical theatre in the round. [1] [2] [3]

Contents

History

When faced with designing a new home for the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra to replace Die alte Philharmonie, destroyed by bombing in 1944, architect Hans Scharoun observed that "people always gather in circles when listening to music informally". [3] His design won the ensuing competition, with Herbert von Karajan writing to the judges "of all the designs submitted, one seems to stand out above the others... founded on the principle that the performers should be in the middle... the deployment of the walls certainly makes good sense acoustically, but the most impressive of all is the complete concentration of the listener on the musical event". [4]

Following the example of the Berliner Philharmonie, the first example in the New World was the Sala Nezahualcoyotl of 1976 in Mexico City. [5] The style is now found globally. [2] For the Philharmonie de Paris, the vineyard concept is extended with balconies rather than banked terraces. [6]

Acoustics

Echoes occur when there is an audible gap between the direct sound and its reflection. [7] The walls surrounding the stage on which the seats are banked help provide the early reflections of sound from the side that are generally considered favourable. [8] [3] [2] Installation of acoustic reflectors is another way of solving the problem. [9]

Notable examples

Concert HallExteriorOpenedLocationArchitectAcousticsCapacityAuditorium
Berliner Philharmonie [4] Philharmonie 1a.jpg 1963 Berlin, Germany Hans Scharoun Lothar Cremer2440 Berliner Philharmoniker by Hans Scharoun.jpg
Gewandhaus [10] Neues Gewandhaus Leipzig 2011 Alupus.jpg 1981 Leipzig, Germany Rudolf Skoda Wolfgang Fasold1900 Pankaj Mishra im Gewandhaus Leipzig.jpg
Suntory Hall [11] [12] 1986 Tokyo, Japan Yasui Architects Nagata Acoustics 2006 Suntory hall - inside - August 2014.jpg
Sapporo Concert Hall [13] [2] Kitara Sapporo02n4272.jpg 1997 Sapporo, Japan Hokkaido Engineering Consultant Company Nagata Acoustics 2008
Walt Disney Concert Hall [14] [2] Image-Disney Concert Hall by Carol Highsmith edit.jpg 2003 Los Angeles, USA Frank O. Gehry Nagata Acoustics 2265 Disney Concert Hall (10920404614).jpg
Muza Kawasaki Symphony Hall [15] Muza.jpg 2004 Kawasaki, JapanMHS Planners, Architects & Engineers Ltd. Nagata Acoustics 1997
Koncerthuset [16] [17] [18] Nouvel Koncerthus.JPG 2006 Copenhagen, Denmark Jean Nouvel Nagata Acoustics 1800 Main Auditorium, Copenhagen Concert Hall.jpg
Shenzhen Concert Hall [19] [20] Shenzhen's Concert Hall.jpg 2007 Shenzhen, China Arata Isozaki Nagata Acoustics 1680 Shenzhen Concert Hall - 1 2.jpg
Helsinki Music Centre [21] [22] [23] Helsinki Music Center 9 September 2011 B.jpg 2011 Helsinki, FinlandArchitectural office Laiho-Pulkkinen-Raunio Nagata Acoustics 1704 20150110 Musiikkitalo hugovk.jpg
Philharmonie de Paris [24] Philharmonie de Paris @ La Villette (28853121662).jpg 2015 Paris, France Jean Nouvel Marshall Day Acoustics and Nagata Acoustics 2400 Paris-Philharmonie1.jpg
Elbphilharmonie [25] [26] Elbphilharmonie (Hamburg, Germany) in 2016, by Robert Katzki.jpg 2017 Hamburg, Germany Herzog & de Meuron Nagata Acoustics 2150
National Kaohsiung Center for the Arts [27] [28] Wei-Wu-Ying Center for the Arts 01.jpg 2018 Kaohsiung, Taiwan Francine Houben Albert Yaying Xu 2000 20181013 Wei Wu Ying Guo Jia Yi Shu Wen Hua Zhong Xin Kai Mu Qi Yong Dian Li .jpg

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References

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