Romania's political framework is a semi-presidential representative democratic republic where the Prime Minister is the head of government while the President,according to the constitution,has a more symbolic role,is responsible for the foreign policy,signs certain decrees,approves laws promulgated by the parliament,and nominates the head of government. Romania has a democratic,multi-party system,with legislative power vested in the government and the two chambers of the Parliament,more specifically the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. From 1948 until 1989,the communist rule political structure took place in the framework of a one-party socialist republic governed by the Romanian Communist Party (PCR) as its only legal party.
The National Liberal Party is a social-conservative political party in Romania. Re-founded in mid January 1990,shortly after the Revolution of 1989 which culminated in the fall of communism in Romania,it claims the legacy of the major political party of the same name,active between 1875 and 1947 in the Kingdom of Romania. Based on this historical legacy,it often presents itself as the first formally constituted political party in the country and the oldest of its kind from the family of European liberal parties as well.
Cătălin Marian Predoiu is a Romanian lawyer who served as the ad interim Prime Minister of Romania from 12 June to 15 June 2023,following the resignation of Nicolae Ciucă,having previously served from 6 February to 9 February 2012,following the resignation of Emil Boc. He had previously been the Minister of Justice of Romania since 29 February 2008.
Ludovic Orban is a Romanian engineer and politician who was the prime minister of Romania from November 2019 to December 2020. He was president of the National Liberal Party (PNL) between 2017 and 2021,which expelled him shortly after he lost a bid for another term as its leader. He was also minister of transport from April 2007 to December 2008 in the second Tăriceanu cabinet.
Daniel Constantin is a Romanian politician who is currently a member of the National Liberal Party (PNL).
Vasilica Viorica Dăncilă is a Romanian politician,former leader of the Social Democratic Party (PSD),and was Prime Minister of Romania from 29 January 2018 to 4 November 2019. She is the first woman in Romanian history to hold both the office of Prime Minister and that of president of the PSD. In 2014,she was elected to a second term as a Member of the European Parliament (MEP),representing the PSD. She was also president of the Social Democratic Women's Organization (OFSD) between 2015 and 2018.
Events of 2019 in Romania.
The First Orban cabinet was the government of Romania until 14 March 2020. It was a minority administration led by Ludovic Orban,the leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL),who received the support of a parliamentary majority on 4 November 2019 and entered office the same day. It included a confidence-and-supply agreement with the Save Romania Union (USR) and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ),as well as other smaller parties.
Florin Vasile Cîțu is a Romanian politician who served as Prime Minister of Romania between December 2020 and November 2021. Sometimes labeled as Romania's first libertarian Prime Minister,he was also the leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL) between September 2021 and April 2022.
The Second Orban cabinet was the government of Romania until the 2020 legislative elections. It was a minority administration led by Ludovic Orban,the leader of the National Liberal Party (PNL),who received the support of a parliamentary majority on 14 March 2020 and entered office the same day. It included a wide de facto confidence-and-supply with the other parties,in the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Monica Cristina Anisie is a Romanian politician affiliated with the National Liberal Party (PNL). She served as Minister of Education and Research in the first Orban cabinet led by former Prime Minister Ludovic Orban between November 2019 until March 2020. She also served in this position in the second Orban cabinet between March 2020 and December 2020.
Nicolae Ionel Ciucă is a Romanian politician and retired general of the Romanian Land Forces,who is currently serving as the President of the Senate of Romania. Ideologically a conservative,he served as Prime Minister of Romania between 25 November 2021 and 12 June 2023 after receiving widespread parliamentary support on behalf of his own party,the National Liberal Party (PNL) along with the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR/RMDSZ). Additionally,since 10 April 2022,he has also been serving as the president of the National Liberal Party (PNL). On 12 June 2023,he resigned as Prime Minister,being temporarily replaced by Cătălin Predoiu.
The Cîțu Cabinet was the 131st government of Romania,led by the national liberal (PNL) Prime Minister Florin Cîțu. It was removed from office after a motion of no confidence passed by the Parliament with a record of 281 votes,the largest number of votes on a motion of no confidence since the Romanian Revolution.
Virgil-Daniel Popescu is a Romanian politician who has been serving as Minister of Energy in the CiucăCabinet,led by Prime Minister Nicolae Ciucă,as of 25 November 2021. He previously served in the first and second cabinets led by Ludovic Orban,as well as in the cabinet led by Florin Cîțu.
Lucian Bode is an authoritarian Romanian politician who served as Minister of Internal Affairs in the Cîțu Cabinet from 2020 to 2023. He previously served as Minister for Transport,Information and Communications in the first cabinet and second cabinet led by Ludovic Orban. He is affiliated with the National Liberal Party (PNL).
Bogdan Gheorghiu is a Romanian politician who has been serving as Minister of Culture in the Cîțu Cabinet,led by Prime Minister Florin Cîțu,as of 23 December 2020. He previously served in this position in the first cabinet and second cabinet led by Ludovic Orban. He is affiliated with the National Liberal Party (PNL).
Nechita-Adrian Oros is a Romanian politician who formerly served as Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development in the Cîțu Cabinet,led by Prime Minister Florin Cîțu,as of 23 December 2020. He previously served in this position in the first cabinet and second cabinet led by Ludovic Orban. He is affiliated with the National Liberal Party (PNL).
Parliamentary elections are scheduled to be held in Romania on or before 21 March 2025,three months after the term of the incumbent legislature of the Romanian Parliament expires. However,the elections are most probably scheduled to be held during late 2024.
A political crisis began on 1 September 2021 in Romania,engulfing both major coalition partners of the Cîțu Cabinet,namely the conservative-liberal National Liberal Party (PNL) and the progressive-liberal Save Romania Union (USR). The crisis also involved former prime minister Ludovic Orban (PNL),who was set to face Prime Minister Florin Cîțu (PNL) in a leadership election during the party congress on 25 September,with the latter eventually replacing the former. Orban would eventually resign from his position as President of the Chamber of Deputies,with him and his supporters subsequently splitting from the PNL,in order to form the Force of the Right (FD).
Force of the Right,sometimes translated as Right's Force or Right Force,is a liberal-conservative political party in Romania founded in December 2021 by Ludovic Orban,former National Liberal Party (PNL) president and former Prime Minister of Romania between 2019 and 2020,in opposition to the current leadership of the PNL which is currently officially led by Nicolae Ciucăand unofficially by Klaus Iohannis.
