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References
- 1 2 Tufft, 2nd Lieutenant A. H. (July–August 1953). "30th AAA Group Evaluation Tests". Antiaircraft Journal: 31.
The range factor for the SCR 584 modified for 90,000 yards range is 70. The range factor for the M33 with maximum range of 125,000 yards is 120. In the event of an SCR 584 that has not been modified for 90,000 yards, a ratio may be set up to determine the actual range factor to be used.
NOTE: "Range Factor" normalized scores for units using different gun laying systems (e.g., M33 by "A" Battery, 1st Battalion) and reduced unit scores for the more accurate M33 compared with batteries using "SCR-584 type radars" (e.g., "B" battery 3rd Battalion). In particular, M33 units received 100% for tracking if radar lock began at 120,000 yards, while units with modified SCR-584 systems received 100% tracking scores for initial lock at 90,000 yards. (Total score was the average of those for tracking, battery strength, and probability of kill based on the computed fuze setting transmitted to the guns when firing was commenced: e.g., a 100% average was "Target Destroyed".) - ↑ "The M-33 tracking radar uses a metallic lens antenna".
- 1 2 3 4 5 "Section II. DESCRIPTION…". Antiaircraft Fire Control System M33C and M33D Operation (Technical Manual 9-6092-1-1). United States Army. June 1956. (partial transcription at: "Fire Control Systems". Army Air Defense in the European Theater. USArmyGermany.com. Retrieved 2013-03-24.)
- ↑ Western Electric (25 April 1955). "Jet Bombers Won't Wait…" (full page advertisement). Life magazine . (fresnel antenna on top of trailer along helmeted soldier on ground looking skyward, 3 guns firing in background, moving jeep at right)
- ↑ History of Strategic and Ballistic Missile Defense, 1945-1955: Volume I (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
[LASHUP] Stations were undermanned, personnel lacked training, and repair and maintenance were difficult. This stop-gap system later would be replaced by a 75-station, permanent net … To be closer to ConAC, ARAACOM moved to Mitchel AFB, New York on 1 November 1950.
- ↑ In Your Defense (digitized movie). Morton, Colonel John (narrator). Western Electric. Retrieved 2012-04-03.
{{cite AV media}}: CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes) (link) - ↑ "Nike Missile Development Overview" (unsourced monograph). TheMilitaryStandard. Retrieved 2013-03-24.
In 1938. the United States initiated development of an integrated antiaircraft defense system. That investment resulted in the development of the 90mm gun, standardized in February 1940. Using the M-9 director radar system. the 90mm gun could hit aircraft flying at 30,000 feet, and the combination of the 90mm gun and M-9 radar proved successful in World War II against the German V-1 rockets.
- ↑ "title tbd". W.E. Journal. March–April 1953. (reprinted in "The Long Watch". Antiaircraft Journal: 35. July–August 1953.
July 17 [1953] marked the closing of the Fort Bliss OCS. … Hueco Range No. 3 where the Army's new "Skysweeper" [was] fired at radio-controlled targets … extensive Troop Test on the Skysweeper at Camp Roberts… The Skysweeper is the first successful Antiaircraft Artillery weapon utilizing an on-carriage, integrated fire control system composed of a gun-laying radar, computer, and associated fire control equipment.
p. 53 - 1 2 "M33 Integrated Fire Control Repair". Stars and Stripes . December 3, 1954. Retrieved 2013-03-24.
- ↑ "Figure D-6. Abbreviated Chronology USAD C³: System Developments", History of Strategic and Ballistic Missile Defense, 1945-1955: Volume I, p. 245
- ↑ "alt.military.retired". alt.military.retired: "Trivia Question" thread. Dec 28, 1999. Archived from the original (newsgroup anecdote) on 2012-07-10.
The M33 the Air Force used was the same one that the Army used. We sent our people to the Army school at Aberdeen Proving Grounds, Maryland until we got established in our own right.
(the announcement for the Army Air Forces radar school to move from Boca Raton to Keesler Field was in late May 1947.) Archived 2012-09-04 at the Wayback Machine - ↑ Stars and Stripes (newspaper), January 30, 1957
- ↑ De Lange, O.E. (July 1961). Project Echo: Satellite Tracking Radar. The Bell System Technical Journal (Report).
- ↑ "Section I. INTRODUCTION AND DESCRIPTION". Improved Antiaircraft Fire Control System T38 Operation (Technical Manual 9-3026-1). United States Army. December 1955. (partial transcription at: "Fire Control Systems". Army Air Defense in the European Theater. USArmyGermany.com. Retrieved 2013-03-24.)
- ↑ MIL-HDBK-162A: AN/MSQ-39 Radar Bomb Scoring Central, USAF, 15 December 1965, retrieved 2012-05-18,
(Tpub.com transcription)
- ↑ Geological and Geophysical data of field activity D-4-66-SC in San Clemente Island, CA from 07/30/1966 to 08/09/1966 (Report). USGS. (abstract retrieved 2013-03-22)
- ↑ Processing of the M-33 Snyder, Texas Radar Data LP-120 (Report). March 1980.
- ↑ "Observations at and Near Vertical Incidence with an M-33 Radar". Archived from the original on 2014-10-23. Retrieved 2013-03-31.
