Supreme Court of Illinois

Last updated
Illinois Supreme Court
Seal of the Supreme Court of Illinois.svg
Seal of the Supreme Court of Illinois
Supreme Court of Illinois
39°47′53″N89°39′10″W / 39.797928°N 89.652724°W / 39.797928; -89.652724
Established1818 (1818) [1]
Location Springfield, Illinois
Coordinates 39°47′53″N89°39′10″W / 39.797928°N 89.652724°W / 39.797928; -89.652724
Motto Latin: Audi Alteram Partem
Hear the other side
Composition methodPartisan election
Authorized by Illinois Constitution
Appeals to Supreme Court of the United States
Judge term length10 years
Number of positions7
Website Official website
Chief Justice
Currently Mary Jane Theis
SinceOctober 26, 2022 (2022-10-26)
Jurist term endsOctober 25, 2025 (2025-10-25)

The Supreme Court of Illinois is the state supreme court, the highest court of the judiciary of Illinois. The court's authority is granted in Article VI of the current Illinois Constitution, which provides for seven justices elected from the five appellate judicial districts of the state: three justices from the First District (Cook County) and one from each of the other four districts. Absent mid-term vacancy, each justice is elected for a term of ten years, which may be renewed [2] and the chief justice is elected by the court from its members for a three-year term.

Contents

Jurisdiction

The court has limited original jurisdiction and has final appellate jurisdiction. It has jurisdiction in cases where the constitutionality of laws has been called into question, and discretionary jurisdiction from the Illinois Appellate Court. Until 2011, when Illinois abolished the death penalty, it had mandatory jurisdiction in capital cases. Along with the state legislature, the court promulgates rules for all state courts. Also, its members have the authority to elevate trial judges to the appellate court on a temporary basis. [3] The court administers professional discipline through the Attorney Registration and Disciplinary Committee and it governs initial licensing through the Illinois Board of Admissions to the Bar.

For publication of its decisions and rulings, the official law report of the Illinois Supreme Court is Illinois Reports .

Districts

Illinois supreme court districts map since 2021 Illinois supreme court new map.jpg
Illinois supreme court districts map since 2021

The Illinois Supreme Court is separated into 5 districts, with one Justice elected from each except the 1st, which elects three Justices. The districts are separated along county lines.

These districts were first established in 1963 and had not been updated in nearly sixty years, despite the Illinois Constitution's requirement that the four districts outside the 1st District (Cook County) have "substantially equal population". As of 2018 Census estimates, the populations of the old districts before the 2021 redistricting were: 1st District: 5,194,000; 2nd District: 3,189,000; 3rd District: 1,805,000; 4th District 1,320,000; 5th District: 1,321,000. In comparison, the 2020 Census reports the populations of the current districts as: 1st District: 5,275,541; 2nd District: 1,773,382; 3rd District: 1,959,246; 4th District 2,086,825; 5th District: 1,717,514. The state legislature redrew districts in 2021 to take effect in the 2022 elections, Illinois Governor J. B. Pritzker signed these changes into law. [4]

Below are the counties per district based on the 2021 redistricting. Only the first district has remained entirely the same.

1st district

2nd district

3rd district

4th district

5th district

Qualifications and elections

Illinois Supreme Court, Springfield, Illinois Illinois Supreme Court.JPG
Illinois Supreme Court, Springfield, Illinois

Justices are required to be U.S. citizens, members of the state bar, and resident in the district from which they are elected or appointed. Justices run in a general election for a 10-year term. At the end of the initial term, they may run in a non-partisan retention election where they must receive 60% of the vote to be retained for continuing terms of ten years. When a vacancy occurs mid-term, the Supreme Court itself appoints a new justice. The appointed justice must run in the next partisan election (including primaries) that is more than 60 days from their appointment for a 10-year term to hold the seat. The court elects the chief justice from among its members for a three-year term. [5]

Justices

While the justices of many states' supreme courts are expected to relocate to the state capital for the duration of their terms of office, the justices of the Illinois Supreme Court continue to reside in their home constituencies and have chambers in their respective appellate districts (for example, the three First District justices are chambered in the Michael Bilandic Building in Chicago). The justices travel to Springfield to hear oral arguments and deliberate. Accordingly, the Illinois Supreme courthouse building includes apartments for the justices' use while in Springfield.

Current justices

The court in 2023 Illinois Supreme Court chambers 2023.jpg
The court in 2023
DistrictJusticeBornJoinedChief JusticeTerm endsParty affiliationLaw school
1st Mary Jane Theis , Chief JusticeFebruary 27, 1949 (age 75)October 26, 20102022–present2032 Democratic USF
P. Scott Neville Jr. 1948or1949(age 75–76)June 15, 20182030 Democratic WashU
Joy Cunningham 1951 (age 7273)December 1, 20222024 Democratic UIC
2nd Elizabeth Rochford 1960or1961(age 62–63)December 5, 20222032 Democratic Loyola
3rd Mary Kay O'Brien June 4, 1965 (age 58)December 5, 20222032 Democratic Illinois
4th Lisa Holder White 1968 (age 5556)July 8, 20222024 Republican Illinois
5th David K. Overstreet January 14, 1966 (age 58)December 7, 20202030 Republican Tennessee

Previous justices

2000–present

1900–1999

1818–1899

See also

Related Research Articles

The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the trial-level court of general jurisdiction in the New York State Unified Court System. It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in County Court.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Oregon Supreme Court</span> Highest court in the U.S. state of Oregon

The Oregon Supreme Court (OSC) is the highest state court in the U.S. state of Oregon. The only court that may reverse or modify a decision of the Oregon Supreme Court is the Supreme Court of the United States. The OSC holds court at the Oregon Supreme Court Building in Salem, Oregon, near the capitol building on State Street. The building was finished in 1914 and also houses the state's law library, while the courtroom is also used by the Oregon Court of Appeals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States District Court for the Central District of California</span> U.S. federal district court in California

The United States District Court for the Central District of California is a federal trial court that serves over 19 million people in Southern and Central California, making it the most populous federal judicial district. The district was created on September 18, 1966. Cases from the Central District are appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Along with the Central District of Illinois, the court is the only district court referred to by the name "Central" – all other courts with similar geographical names instead use the term "Middle."

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee</span> United States federal district court in Tennessee

The United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee is the federal district court covering the western part of the state of Tennessee. Appeals from the Western District of Tennessee are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts</span> United States district court

The United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts is the federal district court whose territorial jurisdiction is the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, United States. The first court session was held in Boston in 1789. The second term was held in Salem in 1790 and court session locations alternated between the two cities until 1813. That year, Boston became the court's permanent home. A western division was opened in Springfield in 1979 and a central division was opened in Worcester in 1987. The court's main building is the John Joseph Moakley Federal Courthouse on Fan Pier in South Boston.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">United States District Court for the District of Maine</span> United States district court

The U.S. District Court for the District of Maine is the U.S. district court for the state of Maine. The District of Maine was one of the original thirteen district courts established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, even though Maine was not a separate state from Massachusetts until 1820. The court is headquartered at the Edward T. Gignoux United States Courthouse in Portland, Maine, and has a second courthouse in Bangor, Maine.

The United States District Court for the Northern District of Mississippi is a federal court in the Fifth Circuit with facilities in Aberdeen, Greenville, and Oxford.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Illinois State Bar Association</span>

The Illinois State Bar Association (ISBA) is among largest voluntary state bar associations in the United States. Approximately 28,000 lawyers are members of the ISBA. Unlike some state bar associations, in which membership is mandatory, ISBA membership is not required of lawyers licensed to practice in Illinois and ISBA membership is completely voluntary. The ISBA is headquartered in Springfield, Illinois. It also has an office in Chicago, Illinois.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">New York State Supreme Court, Appellate Division, First Department</span> Court in New York State

The Supreme Court of the State of New York, Appellate Division, First Judicial Department, or simply the First Department, is one of the four geographical components of the New York Supreme Court, Appellate Division, the intermediate appellate court of the State of New York. Its courthouse is located in Manhattan, New York City.

The judiciary of Illinois is the unified court system of Illinois primarily responsible for applying the Constitution and law of Illinois. It consists of the Supreme Court, the Appellate Court, and circuit courts. The Supreme Court oversees the administration of the court system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Supreme Court of the Republic of Texas</span>

The Supreme Court of the Republic of Texas was the court of last resort for legal matters in the Republic of Texas from the Republic's independence from Mexico in 1836 until its annexation by the United States of America in 1846. The current Supreme Court of Texas was established that year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2020 Illinois judicial elections</span> American election

The 2020 Illinois judicial elections consisted of both partisan and retention elections, including those for three seats on the Supreme Court of Illinois and 10 seats in the Illinois Appellate Court. Primary elections were held on March 17, 2020, and the general election was held on November 3, 2020. These elections were part of the 2020 Illinois elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2014 Illinois judicial elections</span> American election

The 2014 Illinois judicial elections consisted of both partisan and retention elections, including those one seat of the Supreme Court of Illinois for ten seats in the Illinois Appellate Court. Primary elections were held on March 18, 2014, and general elections were held on November 4, 2014. These elections were part of the 2014 Illinois elections.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2012 Illinois judicial elections</span> American election

The 2012 Illinois judicial elections consisted of both partisan and retention elections, including those one seat of the Supreme Court of Illinois for ten seats in the Illinois Appellate Court. Primary elections were held on March 20, 2012, and general elections were held on November 6, 2012. These elections were part of the 2012 Illinois elections.

References

  1. "Judicial System". www.illinoiscourts.gov. Retrieved 2018-12-22.
  2. "Courts in Illinois". Illinois Supreme Court.
  3. Appellate Court Act (705 ILCS25/1(d)) . Retrieved 2010-04-07.
  4. MANSUR, SARAH (2021-05-25). "Dems release proposal for new Supreme Court district maps". Daily Herald. Retrieved 2021-06-01.
  5. "Supreme Court of Illinois Decisions". Justia Law. Retrieved 2022-07-17.

Bibliography