68th United States Congress

Last updated
68th United States Congress
67th  ←
→  69th
USCapitol1906.jpg
United States Capitol (1906)
March 4, 1923 – March 4, 1925
Members96 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate majority Republican
Senate President Calvin Coolidge (R) [lower-alpha 1]
(until August 2, 1923)
Vacant
(from August 2, 1923)
House majority Republican
House Speaker Frederick H. Gillett (R)
Sessions
1st: December 3, 1923 – June 7, 1924
2nd: December 1, 1924 – March 3, 1925

The 68th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1923, to March 4, 1925, during the last months of Warren G. Harding's presidency, and the first years of the administration of his successor, Calvin Coolidge. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

Contents

Both chambers maintained a Republican majority—albeit greatly reduced from the previous Congress and with losing supermajority status in the House—and along with President Harding, the Republicans maintained an overall federal government trifecta. [1]

Major events

Major legislation

Constitutional amendments

Party summary

The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below.

Senate

Party
(shading shows control)		TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)		 Farmer–
Labor
(FL)		 Republican
(R)
End of previous congress 37 0 59960
Begin 42 1 53 96 0
End 2 52
Final voting share43.8% 2.1% 54.2%
Beginning of next congress 40 1 55960

House of Representatives

Party
(shading shows control)		TotalVacant
Democratic
(D)		 Farmer–
Labor
(FL)		 Republican
(R)		 Socialist
(Soc.)
End of previous congress 130 0 296 14278
Begin 206 2 223 1 432 3
End 208 222 4332
Final voting share48.0% 0.5% 51.3% 0.2%
Beginning of next congress 183 3 247 14341

Leadership

Senate president

Calvin Coolidge cph.3g10777 (cropped).jpg
Calvin Coolidge (R)
President pro tempore

Albert B Cummins.jpg
Albert B. Cummins (R)
House Speaker
Frederick Gillett.jpg
Frederick Gillett (R)

Senate

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members

This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators were elected every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1928; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1924; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1926.

House of Representatives

The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

StateSenatorReason for vacancySuccessorDate of successor's installation
Colorado
(3)		 Samuel D. Nicholson (R)Died March 24, 1923.
Successor was appointed.		 Alva B. Adams (D)May 17, 1923
Minnesota
(2)		 Knute Nelson (R)Died April 28, 1923.
Successor was elected.		 Magnus Johnson (FL)July 16, 1923
Vermont
(3)		 William P. Dillingham (R)Died July 12, 1923.
Successor was elected.		 Porter H. Dale (R)November 7, 1923
Rhode Island
(2)		 LeBaron Bradford Colt (R)Died August 18, 1924.
Successor was elected.		 Jesse H. Metcalf (R)November 5, 1924
Connecticut
(3)		 Frank B. Brandegee (R)Died October 14, 1924.
Successor was elected December 17, 1924.		 Hiram Bingham III (R)January 8, 1925 [4]
Massachusetts
(1)		 Henry Cabot Lodge (R)Died November 9, 1924.
Successor was appointed.		 William M. Butler (R)November 13, 1924
Colorado
(3)		 Alva B. Adams (D)Interim appointee retired.
Successor was elected November 4, 1924.		 Rice W. Means (R)December 1, 1924
Illinois
(2)		 Joseph M. McCormick (R)Died February 25, 1925.
Successor was appointed, having already been elected to the next term.		 Charles S. Deneen (R)February 26, 1925

House of Representatives

DistrictVacated byReason for vacancySuccessorDate of successor's installation
Illinois 2nd VacantRep. James R. Mann died during previous congress Morton D. Hull (R)April 3, 1923
California 10th VacantRep. Henry Z. Osborne died during previous congress John D. Fredericks (R)May 1, 1923
New York 16th VacantRep. William Bourke Cockran died during previous congress John J. O'Connor (D)November 6, 1923
Alabama 2nd John R. Tyson (D)Died March 27, 1923 Lister Hill (D)August 14, 1923
Michigan 3rd John M. C. Smith (R)Died March 30, 1923 Arthur B. Williams (R)June 19, 1923
Iowa 8th Horace M. Towner (R)Resigned April 1, 1923, after being appointed Governor of Puerto Rico Hiram K. Evans (R)June 4, 1923
New York 11th Daniel J. Riordan (D)Died April 28, 1923 Anning S. Prall (D)November 6, 1923
Illinois 4th John W. Rainey (D)Died May 4, 1923 Thomas A. Doyle (D)November 6, 1923
Arkansas 6th Lewis E. Sawyer (D)Died May 5, 1923 James B. Reed (D)October 6, 1923
Washington 5th J. Stanley Webster (R)Resigned May 8, 1923, after being appointed to United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington Samuel B. Hill (D)September 25, 1923
North Carolina 2nd Claude Kitchin (D)Died May 31, 1923 John H. Kerr (D)November 6, 1923
New York 32nd Luther W. Mott (R)Died July 10, 1923 Thaddeus C. Sweet (R)November 6, 1923
Vermont 2nd Porter H. Dale (R)Resigned August 11, 1923, after becoming a candidate for the United States Senate Ernest Willard Gibson (R)November 6, 1923
Kentucky 7th J. Campbell Cantrill (D)Died September 2, 1923 Joseph W. Morris (D)November 30, 1923
New York 24th James V. Ganly (D)Died September 7, 1923 Benjamin L. Fairchild (R)November 6, 1923
Mississippi 3rd Benjamin G. Humphreys II (D)Died October 16, 1923 William Y. Humphreys (D)November 27, 1923
Kentucky 9th William J. Fields (D)Resigned December 11, 1923 Fred M. Vinson (D)January 24, 1924
Louisiana 2nd H. Garland Dupré (D)Died February 21, 1924 James Z. Spearing (D)April 22, 1924
Illinois 14th William J. Graham (R)Resigned June 7, 1924, after being appointed to the United States Court of Customs Appeals Seat remained vacant until next Congress
Kansas 2nd Edward C. Little (R)Died June 27, 1924 Ulysses S. Guyer (R)November 4, 1924
North Dakota 2nd George M. Young (R)Resigned September 2, 1924, after being appointed to the Board of General Appraisers Thomas Hall (R)November 4, 1924
Massachusetts 15th William S. Greene (R)Died September 22, 1924 Robert M. Leach (R)November 4, 1924
Maryland 5th Sydney E. Mudd II (R)Died October 11, 1924 Stephen W. Gambrill (D)November 4, 1924
California 4th Julius Kahn (R)Died December 18, 1924Seat remained vacant until next Congress

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

Caucuses

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ U.S. Vice President Coolidge's term as President of the Senate ended on August 2, 1923, when he ascended to the presidency. President pro tempore Albert B. Cummins acted his duties as the president of the Senate.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">51st United States Congress</span> 1889-1891 U.S. Congress

The 51st United States Congress, referred to by some critics as the Billion Dollar Congress, was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1889, to March 4, 1891, during the first two years of Benjamin Harrison's presidency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">80th United States Congress</span> 1947–1949 U.S. Congress

The 80th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1947, to January 3, 1949, during the third and fourth years of Harry S. Truman's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1940 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">69th United States Congress</span> 1925-1927 U.S. Congress

The 69th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1925, to March 4, 1927, during the third and fourth years of Calvin Coolidge's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">65th United States Congress</span> 1917-1919 U.S. Congress

The 65th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1917, to March 4, 1919, during the fifth and sixth years of Woodrow Wilson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">77th United States Congress</span> 1941–1943 U.S. Congress

The 77th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1941, to January 3, 1943, during the ninth and tenth years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1930 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">67th United States Congress</span> 1921-1923 U.S. Congress

The 67th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1921, to March 4, 1923, during the first two years of Warren Harding's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">53rd United States Congress</span> 1893-1895 U.S. Congress

The 53rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1893, to March 4, 1895, during the first two years of Grover Cleveland's second presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">56th United States Congress</span> 1899–1901 legislative term

The 56th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1899, to March 4, 1901, during the third and fourth years of William McKinley's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority. There was one African-American member, George Henry White of North Carolina, who served his second and final term as a representative in this Congress, and would be the last black member of Congress until 1928, and the last black member of Congress from the South until 1972.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">57th United States Congress</span> 1901-1903 U.S. Congress

The 57th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from March 4, 1901, to March 4, 1903, during the final six months of William McKinley's presidency, and the first year and a half of the first administration of his successor, Theodore Roosevelt. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1890 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">39th United States Congress</span> Legislative branch of the U.S. federal government from March 4, 1865 to March 4, 1867

The 39th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1865, to March 4, 1867, during Abraham Lincoln's final month as president, and the first two years of the administration of his successor, Andrew Johnson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">43rd United States Congress</span> 1873-1875 U.S. Congress

The 43rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1873, to March 4, 1875, during the fifth and sixth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">78th United States Congress</span> 1943–1945 U.S. Congress

The 78th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1943, to January 3, 1945, during the last two years of Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1940 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">50th United States Congress</span> 1887-1889 U.S. Congress

The 50th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1887, to March 4, 1889, during the third and fourth years of Grover Cleveland's first presidency. The president vetoed 212 pieces of legislation, the greatest number in a single session of Congress.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">62nd United States Congress</span> 1911-1913 U.S. Congress

The 62nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1911, to March 4, 1913, during the final two years of William H. Taft's presidency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">63rd United States Congress</span> 1913-1915 U.S. Congress

The 63rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1913, to March 4, 1915, during the first two years of Woodrow Wilson's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">41st United States Congress</span> 1869-1871 U.S. Congress

The 41st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1869, to March 4, 1871, during the first two years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">42nd United States Congress</span> 1871-1873 U.S. Congress

The 42nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1871, to March 4, 1873, during the third and fourth years of Ulysses S. Grant's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">45th United States Congress</span> 1877-1879 U.S. Congress

The 45th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1877, to March 4, 1879, during the first two years of Rutherford Hayes's presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1870 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">49th United States Congress</span> Meeting of the legislative branch of the United States (1885–1887)

The 49th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1885, to March 4, 1887, during the first two years of Grover Cleveland's first presidency. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1880 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House had a Democratic majority.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">52nd United States Congress</span> 1891-1893 U.S. Congress

The 52nd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1891, to March 4, 1893, during the final two years of Benjamin Harrison's presidency.

References

    1. ↑ Rogers, Lindsay (1925). "First and Second Sessions of the Sixty-Eighth Congress: December 3, 1923 to June 7, 1924; December 1, 1924 to March 4, 1925". American Political Science Review. 19 (4): 761–772. doi:10.2307/2939164. ISSN   0003-0554. JSTOR   2939164.
    2. ↑ Huckabee, David C. (September 30, 1997). "Ratification of Amendments to the U.S. Constitution" (PDF). Congressional Research Service reports . Washington D.C.: Congressional Research Service, The Library of Congress.
    3. ↑ "Four amendments that almost made it into the constitution". Constitution Daily. Philadelphia: The National Constitution Center. March 23, 2014. Archived from the original on March 5, 2017. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
    4. ↑ "A chronological list of senators since the First Congress in 1789" (PDF). United States Senate.
    This page is based on this Wikipedia article
    Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
    Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.