The Nez Perce are an Indigenous people of the Plateau who still live on a fraction of the lands on the southeastern Columbia River Plateau in the Pacific Northwest. This region has been occupied for at least 11,500 years.
Pendleton is a city in and the county seat of Umatilla County,Oregon,United States. The population was 17,107 at the time of the 2020 census,which includes approximately 1,600 people who are incarcerated at Eastern Oregon Correctional Institution.
Umatilla is a city in Umatilla County,Oregon,United States. The population in 2010 was 6,906,but the city's population includes approximately 2,000 inmates incarcerated at Two Rivers Correctional Institution.
Walla Walla,Walawalałáma,sometimes Walúulapam,are a Sahaptin Indigenous people of the Northwest Plateau. The duplication in their name expresses the diminutive form. The name Walla Walla is translated several ways but most often as "many waters".
The Cayuse are a Native American tribe in what is now the state of Oregon in the United States. The Cayuse tribe shares a reservation and government in northeastern Oregon with the Umatilla and the Walla Walla tribes as part of the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation. The reservation is located near Pendleton,Oregon,at the base of the Blue Mountains.
The Blue Mountains are a mountain range in the northwestern United States,located largely in northeastern Oregon and stretching into extreme southeastern Washington. The range has an area of about 15,000 square miles (39,000 km2),stretching east and southeast of Pendleton,Oregon,to the Snake River along the Oregon–Idaho border.
The Umatilla are a Sahaptin-speaking Native American tribe who traditionally inhabited the Columbia Plateau region of the northwestern United States,along the Umatilla and Columbia rivers.
The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation are the federally recognized confederations of three Sahaptin-speaking Native American tribes who traditionally inhabited the Columbia River Plateau region:the Cayuse,Umatilla,and Walla Walla.
The Tamástslikt Cultural Institute is a museum and research institute located on the Umatilla Indian Reservation near Pendleton in eastern Oregon. It is the only Native American museum along the Oregon Trail. The institute is dedicated to the culture of the Cayuse,Umatilla,and Walla Walla tribes of Native Americans. The main permanent exhibition of the museum provides a history of the culture of three tribes,and of the reservation itself. The museum also has a second hall for temporary exhibitions of specific types of Native American art,craftwork,history,and folklore related to the tribes.
The Umatilla Indian Reservation is an Indian reservation in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. It was created by The Treaty of 9 June 1855 between the United States and members of the Walla,Cayuse,and Umatilla tribes. It lies in northeastern Oregon,east of Pendleton. The reservation is mostly in Umatilla County,with a very small part extending south into Union County. It is managed by the three Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation.
The Whitman massacre refers to the killing of American missionaries Marcus and Narcissa Whitman,along with eleven others,on November 29,1847. They were killed by a small group of Cayuse men who accused Whitman of poisoning 200 Cayuse in his medical care during an outbreak of measles that included the Whitman household. The killings occurred at the Whitman Mission at the junction of the Walla Walla River and Mill Creek in what is now southeastern Washington near Walla Walla. The massacre became a decisive episode in the U.S. settlement of the Pacific Northwest,causing the United States Congress to take action declaring the territorial status of the Oregon Country. The Oregon Territory was established on August 14,1848,to protect the white settlers.
Piupiumaksmaks was head chief of the Walla Walla tribe and son to the preceding chief Tumatapum. His name meant Yellow Bird,but it was often mistranslated as Yellow Serpent by Europeans.
Lee Moorhouse (1850–1926) of Pendleton,Oregon,United States,was a photographer and an Indian agent for the Umatilla Indian Reservation. From 1888 to 1916,he produced over 9,000 images documenting urban,rural,and Native American life in the Columbia Basin,and particularly Umatilla County,Oregon.
Kamiakin (1800–1877) (Yakama) was a leader of the Yakama,Palouse,and Klickitat peoples east of the Cascade Mountains in what is now southeastern Washington state. In 1855,he was disturbed by threats of the Territorial Governor,Isaac Stevens,against the tribes of the Columbia Plateau. After being forced to sign a treaty of land cessions,Kamiakin organized alliances with 14 other tribes and leaders,and led the Yakima War of 1855–1858.
The Umatilla River is an 89-mile (143 km) tributary of the Columbia River in northern Umatilla County,Oregon,United States. Draining a basin of 2,450 square miles (6,300 km2),it enters the Columbia near the city of Umatilla in the northeastern part of the state. In downstream order,beginning at the headwaters,major tributaries of the Umatilla River are the North Fork Umatilla River and the South Fork Umatilla River,then Meacham,McKay,Birch,and Butter creeks.
Wildhorse Resort &Casino is a casino owned and operated since 1994 by the Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation in the U.S. state of Oregon. It is located 5 mi (8 km) east of Pendleton,on the Umatilla Indian Reservation,near Interstate 84.
Umatilla is a variety of Southern Sahaptin,part of the Sahaptian subfamily of the Plateau Penutian group. It was spoken during late aboriginal times along the Columbia River and is therefore also called Columbia River Sahaptin. It is currently spoken as a first language by a few dozen elders and some adults in the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon. Some sources say that Umatilla is derived from imatilám-hlama:hlama means 'those living at' or 'people of' and there is an ongoing debate about the meaning of imatilám,but it is said to be an island in the Columbia River. B. Rigsby and N. Rude mention the village of ímatalam that was situated at the mouth of the Umatilla River and where the language was spoken.
James Lavadour is an American painter and printmaker. A member of the Walla Walla tribe,he is known for creating large panel sets of landscape paintings. Lavadour is the co-founder of the Crow's Shadow Institute of the Arts.
I believe that a painting must stand up on its own without explanation. I think of myself as an abstract action painter. I just happen to see landscape in the abstract events of paint. - James Lavadour
The Battle of Walla Walla was the longest battle fought during the Yakima War. The battle began on December 7,1855,and ended on December 11,1855. The battle was fought between six companies of the Oregon Mounted Volunteers and the Walla Walla. Fighting alongside the Walla Walla were members of several different tribes,such as the Cayuse,Palouse and Yakama.
Roberta "Bobbie" Conner,also known as Sísaawipam,is a tribal historian,activist,and indigenous leader who traces her ancestry to the Umatilla,Cayuse,and Nez Perce tribes. Conner is known for her work as the Director of the Tamástslikt Cultural Institute in Pendleton,Oregon,which seeks to protect,preserve,and promote the culture of the Umatilla,Cayuse,and Walla Walla peoples. In her role at the Tamástslikt Cultural Institute Conner has worked to educate the public on and preserve Indigenous culture through the "We Are," "We Were," and "We Will Be" series of exhibits,and has mentored young scholars interested in tribal cultural preservation. Conner has also sought to educate the public and fight for Native American rights in her personal life as an activist,with a special emphasis on the impact of the division into Tribal Nations and segregation into boarding schools on indigenous cultures,tribal land rights,sustainability,and the repatriation of human remains and funerary objects to Native American lands.
