EFL League One

Last updated

EFL League One
EFL League One Logo.svg
Founded2004;20 years ago (2004)
  • 1992–2004 (as Division Two)
  • 1958–1992 (as Division Three)
  • 1921–1958 (as Division Three North/South)
  • 1920–1921 (as Division Three)
CountryEngland
Number of teams 24
Level on pyramid 3
Promotion to EFL Championship
Relegation to EFL League Two
Domestic cup(s) FA Cup
League cup(s)
International cup(s)
Current champions Portsmouth
1st League One title
4th 3rd tier title
(2023–24)
Most championships Plymouth Argyle (5 titles total)
Wigan Athletic (3 League One titles)
TV partners List of broadcasters
Website efl.com/competitions/efl-league-one
Current: 2024–25 EFL League One

The English Football League One, known as Sky Bet League One for sponsorship purposes or simply League One in England, is the second-highest division of the English Football League and the third-tier overall in the English football league system.

Contents

Introduced in the 2004–05 English football season as Football League One, it is a rebrand of the former Football League Second Division, which itself is a rebrand of the now-defunct Football League Third Division before the 1992 launch of the Premier League.

Fleetwood Town held the longest tenure in the division following promotion from League Two at the end of the 2013–14 season until their relegation this season. There are six former Premier League clubs currently competing in this division; Barnsley (1997–98), Blackpool (2010–11), Bolton Wanderers (1995–96, 1997–98, and 2001–12), Charlton Athletic (1998–99 and 2000–07), Reading (2006–08 and 2012–13), and Wigan Athletic (2005–13). [1]

Structure

There are 24 clubs in this division. Each club plays each club twice. Three points are awarded for a win, one for a draw, and none for a loss. At the end of the season a table of the final League standings is determined, based on the following criteria in this order: points obtained, goal difference, goals scored, an aggregate of the results between two or more clubs (ranked using the previous three criteria), most matches won, most goals scored away from home, fewest "penalty points" based on yellow and red cards received, followed by fewest straight red cards for certain offenses. If two or more teams are still tied after examining all of these criteria, they will share the higher place between them. The only exception would be if the tied teams span the boundary between 2nd and 3rd, 6th and 7th, or 20th and 21st place, in which case one or more play-off matches would be arranged between the tied clubs.[ citation needed ]

At the end of each season the top two clubs, together with the winner of the play-offs between the clubs which finished in the third to sixth positions, are promoted to EFL Championship and are replaced by the three clubs that finished at the bottom of that division.

Similarly, the four clubs that finished at the bottom of EFL League One are relegated to EFL League Two and are replaced by the top three clubs and the club that won the fourth to seventh place play-offs in that division.

Current members

Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.
TeamLocationStadiumCapacity
Barnsley Barnsley Oakwell 23,287
Birmingham City Birmingham St Andrew's 29,409
Blackpool Blackpool Bloomfield Road 16,616
Bolton Wanderers Horwich Toughsheet Community Stadium 28,723
Bristol Rovers Bristol Memorial Stadium 9,832
Burton Albion Burton upon Trent Pirelli Stadium 6,912
Cambridge United Cambridge Abbey Stadium 8,127
Charlton Athletic London (Charlton) The Valley 27,111
Crawley Town Crawley Broadfield Stadium 5,996
Exeter City Exeter St. James Park 8,720
Huddersfield Town Huddersfield Kirklees Stadium 24,121
Leyton Orient London (Leyton) Brisbane Road 9,271
Lincoln City Lincoln Sincil Bank 10,669
Mansfield Town Mansfield Field Mill 9,186
Northampton Town Northampton Sixfields Stadium 7,798
Peterborough United Peterborough London Road Stadium 13,511
Reading Reading Madejski Stadium 24,161
Rotherham United Rotherham New York Stadium 12,021
Shrewsbury Town Shrewsbury New Meadow 9,875
Stevenage Stevenage Broadhall Way 7,800
Stockport County Stockport Edgeley Park 10,852
Wigan Athletic Wigan Brick Community Stadium 25,138
Wrexham Wrexham Racecourse Ground 12,600
Wycombe Wanderers High Wycombe Adams Park 10,137

    Teams promoted from League One

    SeasonWinnerRunner-upPromoted Play-off Winner (Position)
    2004–05 Luton Town Hull City Sheffield Wednesday (5th)
    2005–06 Southend United Colchester United Barnsley (5th)
    2006–07 Scunthorpe United Bristol City Blackpool (3rd)
    2007–08 Swansea Nottingham Forest Doncaster Rovers (3rd)
    2008–09 Leicester City Peterborough United Scunthorpe United (6th)
    2009–10 Norwich City Leeds United Millwall (3rd)
    2010–11 Brighton & Hove Albion Southampton Peterborough United (4th)
    2011–12 Charlton Athletic Sheffield Wednesday Huddersfield Town (4th)
    2012–13 Doncaster Rovers AFC Bournemouth Yeovil Town (4th)
    2013–14 Wolverhampton Wanderers Brentford Rotherham United (4th)
    2014–15 Bristol City Milton Keynes Dons Preston North End (3rd)
    2015–16 Wigan Athletic Burton Albion Barnsley (6th)
    2016–17 Sheffield United Bolton Wanderers Millwall (6th)
    2017–18 Wigan Athletic Blackburn Rovers Rotherham United (4th)
    2018–19 Luton Town Barnsley Charlton Athletic (3rd)
    2019–20 Coventry City Rotherham United Wycombe Wanderers (3rd)
    2020–21 Hull City Peterborough United Blackpool (3rd)
    2021–22 Wigan Athletic Rotherham United Sunderland (5th)
    2022–23 Plymouth Argyle Ipswich Town Sheffield Wednesday (3rd)
    2023–24 Portsmouth Derby County Oxford United (5th)

    For past winners at this level before 2004, see List of winners of the EFL League One and predecessors.

    Play-off results

    SeasonSemi-final (1st Leg)Semi-final (2nd Leg)Final
    2004–05 Sheffield Wednesday 1–0 Brentford
    Hartlepool United 2–0 Tranmere Rovers
    Brentford 1–2 Sheffield Wednesday
    Tranmere Rovers 2–0 Hartlepool United
    (Hartlepool won 6–5 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Sheffield Wednesday 4–2 Hartlepool United (a.e.t.)
    2005–06 Barnsley 0–1 Huddersfield Town
    Swansea City 1–1 Brentford
    Huddersfield Town 1–3 Barnsley
    Brentford 0–2 Swansea City
    Barnsley 2–2 Swansea City
    (Barnsley won 4–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    2006–07 Yeovil Town 0–2 Nottingham Forest
    Oldham Athletic 1–2 Blackpool
    Nottingham Forest 2–5 Yeovil Town (a.e.t.)
    Blackpool 3–1 Oldham Athletic
    Blackpool 2–0 Yeovil Town
    2007–08 Southend United 0–0 Doncaster Rovers
    Leeds United 1–2 Carlisle United
    Doncaster Rovers 5–1 Southend United
    Carlisle United 0–2 Leeds United
    Leeds United 0–1 Doncaster Rovers
    2008–09 Scunthorpe United 1–1 Milton Keynes Dons
    Millwall 1–0 Leeds United
    Milton Keynes Dons 0–0 Scunthorpe United
    (Scunthorpe won 7–6 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Leeds United 1–1 Millwall
    Scunthorpe United 3–2 Millwall
    2009–10 Swindon Town 2–1 Charlton Athletic
    Huddersfield Town 0–0 Millwall
    Charlton Athletic 2–1 Swindon Town
    (Swindon won 5–4 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Millwall 2–0 Huddersfield Town
    Millwall 1–0 Swindon Town
    2010–11 AFC Bournemouth 1–1 Huddersfield Town
    Milton Keynes Dons 3–2 Peterborough United
    Huddersfield Town 3–3 AFC Bournemouth
    (Huddersfield won 4–2 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Peterborough United 2–0 Milton Keynes Dons
    Huddersfield Town 0–3 Peterborough United
    2011–12 Stevenage 0–0 Sheffield United
    Milton Keynes Dons 0–2 Huddersfield Town
    Sheffield United 1–0 Stevenage
    Huddersfield Town 1–2 Milton Keynes Dons
    Huddersfield Town 0–0 Sheffield United
    (Huddersfield won 8–7 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    2012–13 Sheffield United 1–0 Yeovil Town
    Swindon Town 1–1 Brentford
    Yeovil Town 2–0 Sheffield United
    Brentford 3–3 Swindon Town
    (Brentford won 5–4 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Brentford 1–2 Yeovil Town
    2013–14 Peterborough United 1–1 Leyton Orient
    Preston North End 1–1 Rotherham United
    Leyton Orient 2–1 Peterborough United
    Rotherham United 3–1 Preston North End
    Leyton Orient 2–2 Rotherham United
    (Rotherham won 4–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    2014–15 Chesterfield 0–1 Preston North End
    Sheffield United 1–2 Swindon Town
    Preston North End 3–0 Chesterfield
    Swindon Town 5–5 Sheffield United
    Preston North End 4–0 Swindon Town
    2015–16 Barnsley 3–0 Walsall
    Bradford City 1–3 Millwall
    Walsall 1–3 Barnsley
    Millwall 1–1 Bradford City
    Barnsley 3–1 Millwall
    2016–17 Millwall 0–0 Scunthorpe United
    Bradford City 1–0 Fleetwood Town
    Scunthorpe United 2–3 Millwall
    Fleetwood Town 0–0 Bradford City
    Bradford City 0–1 Millwall
    2017–18 Charlton Athletic 0–1 Shrewsbury Town
    Scunthorpe United 2–2 Rotherham United
    Shrewsbury Town 1–0 Charlton Athletic
    Rotherham United 2–0 Scunthorpe United
    Rotherham United 2–1 Shrewsbury Town (a.e.t.)
    2018–19 Doncaster Rovers 1–2 Charlton Athletic
    Sunderland 1–0 Portsmouth
    Charlton Athletic 2–3 Doncaster Rovers
    (Charlton Athletic won 4–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Portsmouth 0–0 Sunderland
    Charlton Athletic 2–1 Sunderland
    2019–20 Portsmouth 1–1 Oxford United
    Fleetwood Town 1–4 Wycombe Wanderers
    Oxford United 1–1 Portsmouth
    (Oxford United won 5–4 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Wycombe Wanderers 2–2 Fleetwood Town
    Oxford United 1–2 Wycombe Wanderers
    2020–21 Oxford United 0–3 Blackpool
    Lincoln City 2–0 Sunderland
    Blackpool 3–3 Oxford United
    Sunderland 2–1 Lincoln City
    Blackpool 2–1 Lincoln City
    2021–22 Wycombe Wanderers 2–0 Milton Keynes Dons
    Sunderland 1–0 Sheffield Wednesday
    Milton Keynes Dons 1–0 Wycombe Wanderers
    Sheffield Wednesday 1–1 Sunderland
    Sunderland 2–0 Wycombe Wanderers
    2022–23 Peterborough United 4–0 Sheffield Wednesday
    Bolton Wanderers 1–1 Barnsley
    Sheffield Wednesday 5–1 Peterborough United
    (Sheffield Wednesday won 5–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
    Barnsley 1–0 Bolton Wanderers
    Sheffield Wednesday 1–0 Barnsley (a.e.t.)
    2023–24 Barnsley 1–3 Bolton Wanderers
    Oxford United 1–0 Peterborough United
    Bolton Wanderers 2–3 Barnsley
    Peterborough United 1–1 Oxford United
    Bolton Wanderers 0–2 Oxford United

    Relegated teams

    SeasonClubs
    2004–05 Torquay United (51), Wrexham (43), Peterborough United (39), Stockport County (26)
    2005–06 Hartlepool United (50), Milton Keynes Dons (50), Swindon Town (48), Walsall (47)
    2006–07 Chesterfield (47), Bradford City (47), Rotherham United (38), Brentford (37)
    2007–08 AFC Bournemouth (48), Gillingham (46), Port Vale (38), Luton Town (33)
    2008–09 Northampton Town (49), Crewe Alexandra (46), Cheltenham Town (39), Hereford United (34)
    2009–10 Gillingham (50), Wycombe Wanderers (45), Southend United (43), Stockport County (25)
    2010–11 Dagenham & Redbridge (47), Bristol Rovers (45), Plymouth Argyle (42), Swindon Town (41)
    2011–12 Wycombe Wanderers (43), Chesterfield (42), Exeter City (42), Rochdale (38)
    2012–13 Scunthorpe United (48), Bury (41), Hartlepool United (41), Portsmouth (32)
    2013–14 Stevenage (47), Shrewsbury Town (45), Carlisle United (42), Tranmere Rovers (42)
    2014–15 Notts County (50), Crawley Town (50), Leyton Orient (49), Yeovil Town (40)
    2015–16 Doncaster Rovers (46), Blackpool (46), Colchester United (40), Crewe Alexandra (34)
    2016–17 Port Vale (49), Swindon Town (44), Coventry City (39), Chesterfield (37)
    2017–18 Oldham Athletic (50), Northampton Town (47), Milton Keynes Dons (45), Bury (36)
    2018–19 Plymouth Argyle (50), Walsall (47), Scunthorpe United (46), Bradford City (41)
    2019–20 Tranmere Rovers (32), Southend United (19), Bolton Wanderers (14), Bury [a]
    2020–21 Rochdale (47), Northampton Town (45), Swindon Town (43), Bristol Rovers (38)
    2021–22 Gillingham (40), Doncaster Rovers (38), AFC Wimbledon (37), Crewe Alexandra (29)
    2022–23 Milton Keynes Dons (45), Morecambe (44), Accrington Stanley (44), Forest Green Rovers (27)
    2023–24 Cheltenham Town (44), Fleetwood Town (43), Port Vale (41), Carlisle United (30)

    a Expelled in August 2019 after financial breaches.

    Top scorers

    SeasonTop scorer(s)Club(s)Goals
    2004–05 Ulster Banner.svg Stuart Elliott Hull City 27
    Flag of England.svg Dean Windass Bradford City
    2005–06 Flag of Wales (1959-present).svg Freddy Eastwood Southend United 23
    Flag of England.svg Billy Sharp Scunthorpe United
    2006–07 Flag of England.svg Billy Sharp Scunthorpe United 30
    2007–08 Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Jason Scotland Swansea City 24
    2008–09 Flag of Ireland.svg Simon Cox Swindon Town 29
    Flag of England.svg Rickie Lambert Bristol Rovers
    2009–10 Flag of England.svg Rickie Lambert Southampton 30
    2010–11 Flag of Scotland.svg Craig Mackail-Smith Peterborough United 27
    2011–12 Flag of Scotland.svg Jordan Rhodes Huddersfield Town 36
    2012–13 Flag of Ireland.svg Paddy Madden Yeovil Town 22
    2013–14 Flag of England.svg Sam Baldock Bristol City 24
    2014–15 Flag of England.svg Joe Garner Preston North End 26
    2015–16 Ulster Banner.svg Will Grigg Wigan Athletic 25
    2016–17 Flag of England.svg Billy Sharp Sheffield United 30
    2017–18 Flag of England.svg Jack Marriott Peterborough United 27
    2018–19 Flag of Ireland.svg James Collins Luton Town 25
    2019–20 Flag of England.svg Ivan Toney Peterborough United 24 [b]
    2020–21 Flag of England.svg Jonson Clarke-Harris Peterborough United 31
    2021–22 Flag of Ireland.svg Will Keane Wigan Athletic 26
    2022–23 Flag of England.svg Conor Chaplin Ipswich Town 26
    Flag of England.svg Jonson Clarke-Harris Peterborough United
    2023-24 Flag of England.svg Alfie May Charlton Athletic 23

    b In 35 games. Season truncated because of coronavirus.

    Attendances

    EFL League One Average Attendances.png

    EFL League One is the most-watched third-tier domestic sports league in the world, with an average of 10,613 spectators per game in the 2022–23 season, also making it one of the top ten most watched leagues in Europe. [2] The closest third-tier association football league in terms of average attendance is the Germany 3. Liga (8,219). [3]

    The highest average attendance since the restructure into League One was the 2022–23 season, when over 5.3 million spectators watched games, with an average of 10,613 per game. The highest average attendance by a single club was Sunderland in the 2018–19 season with 32,157. They also set the League One attendance record for a single game in the same season, when 46,039 spectators attended the Boxing Day game against Bradford City. [4]

    SeasonLeague Average AttendanceHighest AverageHighest Attendance
    ClubAttendanceGameAttendance
    2004–05 7,732 Sheffield Wednesday 23,100 [5] Sheffield Wednesday vs Bristol City 28,798
    2005–06 7,578 Nottingham Forest 20,257 [6] Nottingham Forest v Bournemouth 26,847
    2006–07 7,486Nottingham Forest20,627 [7] Nottingham Forest v Rotherham United 27,875
    2007–08 7,985 Leeds United 26,546 [8] Leeds United v Gillingham 38,256
    2008–09 7,551Leeds United23,639 [9]
    2009–10 9,136Leeds United24,818 [10] Leeds United v Bristol Rovers 38,234
    2010–11 7,519 Southampton 22,161 [11] Southampton v Walsall 31,653
    2011–12 7,358Sheffield Wednesday21,336 [12] Sheffield Wednesday v Wycombe Wanderers 38,082
    2012–13 6,335 Sheffield United 18,612 [13] Sheffield United v Brentford 23,431
    2013–14 7,476 Wolverhampton Wanderers 20,879 [14] Wolverhampton Wanderers v Rotherham United30,110
    2014–15 7,037Sheffield United19,805 [15] Coventry City v Gillingham27,306
    2015–16 7,163Sheffield United19,803 [16] Sheffield United v Bradford City 24,777
    2016–17 7,933Sheffield United21,892 [17] Sheffield United v Chesterfield31,003
    2017–18 7,805Bradford City19,787 [18] Blackburn Rovers v Oxford United 27,600
    2018–19 8,741 Sunderland 32,157 [19] Sunderland v Bradford City46,039
    2019–20 8,802Sunderland30,118 [20] Sunderland v Bolton Wanderers 33,821
    2020–21 No attendances because of COVID-19 pandemic
    2021–22 9,953Sunderland30,847 [21] Sunderland v Doncaster Rovers 38,395
    2022–23 10,613 Derby County 27,259Sheffield Wednesday v Plymouth Argyle 33,442
    2023–24 9,711Derby County27,278Derby County v Bolton Wanderers 32,538

    Historic performance

    Since the restructuring into League One in 2004, 76 teams have spent at least one season in the division, including 7 of the 20 teams in the 2023–24 Premier League. Milton Keynes Dons has spent 15 seasons in League One, the most of any team. Oldham Athletic's single 14-season consecutive spell was the longest of any team. The team with the current longest tenure is Fleetwood Town, who have been in League One continuously since the 2014–15 season. Rotherham United and Peterborough United have had the highest number of separate spells in League One with five each. There have been 16 different Champions of League One, with Wigan Athletic having won the division three times.

    Key

    ClubTotal SeasonsNumber of SpellsLongest Spell (Seasons)Highest PositionLowest PositionSeason
    2004–05
    2005–06
    2006–07
    2007–08
    2008–09
    2009–10
    2010–11
    2011–12
    2012–13
    2013–14
    2014–15
    2015–16
    2016–17
    2017–18
    2018–19
    2019–20
    2020–21
    2021–22
    2022–23
    2023–24
    2024–25
    Accrington Stanley 51511231417111223
    AFC Bournemouth 72422181719216112
    AFC Wimbledon 6161523151820201923
    Barnsley 843213135116246
    Birmingham City 111
    Blackburn Rovers 111222
    Blackpool 1044322161932212101338
    Bolton Wanderers 634223223953
    Bradford City 926524111122117551124
    Brentford 8252244324911932
    Brighton & Hove Albion 51511818716131
    Bristol City 523112792121
    Bristol Rovers 123510241611112210131514241715
    Burton Albion 827220291216161520
    Bury 6331424142216192424 [lower-alpha 1]
    Cambridge United 4141420142018
    Carlisle United 928424842014128172224
    Charlton Athletic 1035116413113637131016
    Cheltenham Town 6231523171923151621
    Chesterfield 7336241716212261824
    Colchester United 1028223152128101020161923
    Coventry City 72512315181782381
    Crawley Town 4231022101422
    Crewe Alexandra 9341224132022131920241224
    Dagenham & Redbridge 112212121
    Derby County 2122772
    Doncaster Rovers 12451221081131132115691422
    Exeter City 523823188231413
    Fleetwood Town 10110422101941411615201322
    Forest Green Rovers 111242424
    Gillingham 13399221416222117129201713101021
    Hartlepool United 826623621151920161323
    Hereford United 111242424
    Huddersfield Town 9283159415109634
    Hull City 2211221
    Ipswich Town 414211119112
    Leeds United 31325542
    Leicester City 111111
    Leyton Orient 112932320141417720732311
    Lincoln City 616517165171111
    Luton Town 3311241241
    Mansfield Town 111
    Millwall 62431710175346
    MK Dons 1547223202231255810212231913321
    Morecambe 21219221922
    Northampton Town 8339221492116222214
    Norwich City 111111
    Nottingham Forest 31327742
    Notts County 515721197122021
    Oldham Athletic 1411462119106810161716191515171721
    Oxford United 81841981612468195
    Peterborough United 14582232324691311977264
    Plymouth Argyle 633123237211871
    Port Vale 10349231813122391812211823
    Portsmouth 8271242484581081
    Preston North End 414315151453
    Reading 212171717
    Rochdale 927824924810920161821
    Rotherham United 76222320234422
    Scunthorpe United 1045123121618211673523
    Sheffield United 6161113575111
    Sheffield Wednesday 532215515243
    Shrewsbury Town 12210323162320183181517181219
    Southampton 2122772
    Southend United 93512316823147101922
    Stevenage 523624618249
    Stockport County 4321824241824
    Sunderland 414485845
    Swansea City 31317671
    Swindon Town 124542412231315524684152223
    Torquay United 111212121
    Tranmere Rovers 112103213189117191812112121
    Walsall 1421232414241213102019913143141922
    Wigan Athletic 6421201120112
    Wolverhampton Wanderers 111111
    Wrexham 221222222
    Wycombe Wanderers 84432222211736910
    Yeovil Town 9284241551817151417424

    Financial Fair Play

    Beginning with the 2012–13 season, a Financial Fair Play arrangement has been in place in all three divisions of the Football League, the intention being eventually to produce a league of financially self-sustaining clubs. In League One, this takes the form of a Salary Cost Management Protocol in which a maximum of 60% of a club's turnover may be spent on players' wages, with sanctions being applied in the form of transfer embargoes. [22] [23] [24] [25]

    See also

    Footnotes

    1. Bury did not compete in the 2019-20 season as they were expelled from the league because of financial difficulties.

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    References

    1. France, Sam (29 April 2020). "What year did the Premier League start & which teams have played in it over the years?". Goal.com . Retrieved 27 August 2020.
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