List of exonerated death row inmates

Last updated

This list contains names of people who were found guilty of capital crimes and placed on death row but later found to be wrongly convicted. Many of these exonerees' sentences were overturned by acquittal or pardon, but some of those listed were exonerated posthumously. [1] The state listed is that in which the conviction occurred, the year is that of release and the case is that which overturned the conviction.

Contents

This list does not include:

  1. Posthumous pardons for individuals executed before 1950.
  2. Inmates who were given life sentences when their country, province or state abolished the death penalty.
  3. People who were threatened with death and never jailed.
  4. People who were jailed by extralegal groups or courts, for example, as often occurs in cases of sentences of stoning.

Canada

India

Six men Ankush Maruti Shinde, Rajya Appa Shinde, Ambadas Laxman Shinde, Raju Mhasu Shinde, Bapu Appa Shinde and Suresh Shinde were convicted and sentenced to death penalty in 2009 on charges of rape and murder. On 6 March 2019, the Supreme Court of India acquitted all the six death-row convicts and proclaimed them innocent. [3] [4]

In March 2023, the Supreme Court of India freed Niranaram Chetanram Chaudhary after he spent 28 years, six months and 23 days in custody, and was freed from Nagpur jail. At the time of conviction, Chaudhary was 12 years and six months. As per Indian laws, death sentence or any sentence more than three years cannot be awarded to a juvenile. [5]

Japan


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Taiwan

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United Kingdom

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1998

United States

As of February 2nd, 2024, the Innocence Database maintained by the Death Penalty Information Center shows 196 exonerations of prisoners on death row in the United States since 1973. [20]

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See also

Related Research Articles

Innocence Project, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit legal organization that is committed to exonerating individuals who have been wrongly convicted, through the use of DNA testing and working to reform the criminal justice system to prevent future injustice. The group cites various studies estimating that in the United States between 1% and 10% of all prisoners are innocent. The Innocence Project was founded in 1992 by Barry Scheck and Peter Neufeld who gained national attention in the mid-1990s as part of the "Dream Team" of lawyers who formed part of the defense in the O. J. Simpson murder case.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Capital punishment in the United States</span> Legal penalty in the United States

In the United States, capital punishment is a legal penalty throughout the country at the federal level, in 27 states, and in American Samoa. It is also a legal penalty for some military offenses. Capital punishment has been abolished in 23 states and in the federal capital, Washington, D.C. It is usually applied for only the most serious crimes, such as aggravated murder. Although it is a legal penalty in 27 states, 20 states currently have the ability to execute death sentences, with the other seven, as well as the federal government, being subject to different types of moratoriums.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Juan Roberto Melendez-Colon</span>

Juan Roberto Melendez-Colon is a public speaker and human rights activist who was wrongly convicted of murder and spent over 17 years on death row. He was released from prison on January 3, 2002, making him the 99th death row inmate in the United States to be exonerated and released from prison since 1973.

Kirk Noble Bloodsworth is a former Maryland waterman and the first American sentenced to death to be exonerated post-conviction by DNA testing.

Kerry Max Cook is an American former death row inmate who was wrongfully convicted and sentenced to death for the rape and murder of 21-year-old Linda Jo Edwards in 1977.

Wrongful execution is a miscarriage of justice occurring when an innocent person is put to death by capital punishment. Cases of wrongful execution are cited as an argument by opponents of capital punishment, while proponents say that the argument of innocence concerns the credibility of the justice system as a whole and does not solely undermine the use of the death penalty.

<i>The Innocent Man: Murder and Injustice in a Small Town</i> 2006 true crime book by John Grisham

The Innocent Man: Murder and Injustice in a Small Town is a 2006 true crime book by John Grisham, his only nonfiction title as of 2020. The book tells the story of Ronald 'Ron' Keith Williamson of Ada, Oklahoma, a former minor league baseball player who was wrongly convicted in 1988 of the rape and murder of Debra Sue Carter in Ada and was sentenced to death. After serving 11 years on death row, he was exonerated by DNA evidence and other material introduced by the Innocence Project and was released in 1999.

Exoneration occurs when the conviction for a crime is reversed, either through demonstration of innocence, a flaw in the conviction, or otherwise. Attempts to exonerate convicts are particularly controversial in death penalty cases, especially where new evidence is put forth after the execution has taken place. The transitive verb, "to exonerate" can also mean to informally absolve one from blame.

<i>The Exonerated</i> American TV series or program

The Exonerated is a made-for-cable television film that dramatizes the stories of six people, some of whom, were wrongfully convicted of murder and other offenses, placed on death row, and later exonerated and freed after serving varying years in prison. It was based on a successful stage play of the same name written by Erik Jensen and Jessica Blank and first aired on the former CourtTV cable television network on January 27, 2005. It is directed by Bob Balaban and was produced by Radical Media.

This is a list of notable overturned convictions in the United States.

Death row, also known as condemned row, is a place in a prison that houses inmates awaiting execution after being convicted of a capital crime and sentenced to death. The term is also used figuratively to describe the state of awaiting execution, even in places where no special facility or separate unit for condemned inmates exists. In the United States, after an individual is found guilty of a capital offense in states where execution is a legal penalty, the judge will give the jury the option of imposing a death sentence or life imprisonment without the possibility of parole. It is then up to the jury to decide whether to give the death sentence; this usually has to be a unanimous decision. If the jury agrees on death, the defendant will remain on death row during appeal and habeas corpus procedures, which may continue for several decades.

Witness to Innocence (WTI) is a non-profit organization based out of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, dedicated to the effort of abolishing the death penalty in the United States. WTI began as a project of The Moratorium Campaign, led by Jené O'Keefe. Kurt Rosenberg took over in 2005 with sponsorship from Sister Helen Prejean, Witness to Innocence is the only nationwide organization composed of exonerated former death row prisoners, men who were sentenced to death only to later have their innocence revealed. WTI supports these exonerated death row survivors through semi-annual retreats and by running a speakers' bureau.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Delbert Tibbs</span> American poet

Delbert Lee Tibbs was an American man who was wrongfully convicted of murder and rape in 1974 in Florida and sentenced to death. Later exonerated, Tibbs became a writer and anti-death penalty activist.

The Illinois Innocence Project, a member of the national Innocence Project network, is a non-profit legal organization that works to exonerate wrongfully convicted people and reform the criminal justice system to prevent future injustice.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Investigating Innocence</span>

Investigating Innocence is a nonprofit wrongful conviction advocacy organization that provides criminal defense investigations for inmates in the United States. Investigating Innocence was founded in 2013 by private investigator Bill Clutter to assist nationwide Innocence Project groups in investigating innocence claims. "Once we have a case that meets our criteria, we'll put private investigators to work on it. A lot of these cases need investigators," said Kelly Thompson, executive director of Investigating Innocence. Prior to his work on Investigating Innocence, Clutter was one of the founders of the Illinois Innocence Project. Investigating Innocence also has a board composed of exonerees that reviews incoming cases.

Glenn Ford was convicted of murder in 1984 and released from Angola Prison in March 2014 after a full exoneration. Ford was born in Shreveport, Louisiana. He was the longest serving death row inmate in the United States to be fully exonerated before his death. He was denied compensation by the state of Louisiana for his wrongful conviction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nick Yarris</span> American writer and death row exoneree

Nicholas James Yarris is an American writer and storyteller who spent 22 years on death row in Pennsylvania after being wrongfully convicted of murder.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bill Clutter</span> American wrongful conviction advocate

Bill Clutter is an American private investigator, wrongful conviction advocate, and author. He is the co-founder of the Illinois Innocence Project and founder of the national wrongful conviction organization Investigating Innocence. His work on the Donaldson v. Central Illinois Public Service Company case led him to write the book Coal Tar: How Corrupt Politics and Corporate Greed Are Killing America's Children, which is the story of an epidemic of neuroblastoma in Taylorville, IL caused by exposure to coal tar.

References

  1. ↑ "Innocence: List of Those Freed from Death Row". Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
  2. ↑ "Canada's wrongful convictions". Canadian Broadcasting Company. 6 August 2009.
  3. ↑ "Supreme Court Acquits Six People on Death Row Who Spent 16 Years in Jail". The Wire. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  4. ↑ "6 awarded death by SC in 2009, acquitted in 2019". The Times of India. 2019-03-06. ISSN   0971-8257 . Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  5. ↑ "Rajasthan: An error that sent Indian teen to death row for 25 years". 2023-04-12. Retrieved 2024-02-01.
  6. 1 2 Hernon, Matthew (11 December 2020). "The Life of Sakae Menda, the Man who Spent 34 Years in Prison for Crime He Didn't Commit".
  7. ↑ McNeill, David; Mason, C.M. (August 4, 2007). "One who has lived to tell the tale". The Japan Times .
  8. ↑ Furukawa, Yukina (January 19, 2019) "Former death row inmate expresses concerns about ex-boxer's retrial" Mainichi Shimbun .
  9. ↑ Hirano, Keiji (November 6, 2014) "Freed death row prisoner brings new life to group fighting capital punishment". The Japan Times .
  10. ↑ "Hsichih Trio acquitted as 20-year murder case finally closed". Want Chinese Times. 31 August 2012.
  11. ↑ "Cheng Hsing-tse freed from death row". Taipei Times. 4 May 2016.
  12. ↑ Mary Westlake v Criminal Cases Review Commission [2004] EWHC 2779(Admin) (17 November 2004), High Court (England and Wales). It includes a segment from the Hansard transcript of Jenkins's decision to recommend a pardon in the House of Commons.
  13. ↑ "Hanged man's pardon 'inadequate'". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. 16 November 2004. Retrieved 6 September 2010.
  14. ↑ Shakespeare, Andrew-Paul (2019-01-23). "Timothy Evans: An Innocent Man Hanged for Murder he did not Commit". Medium. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  15. ↑ "MURDER (ABOLITION OF DEATH PENALTY)". Hansard, 16 December 1969.
  16. ↑ "MURDER (ABOLITION OF DEATH PENALTY) ACT 1965". Hansard, 18 December 1969.
  17. ↑ (10 October 2016) International Day against Death penalty European Commission, Memo 06/390, Press release, Retrieved 22 March 2015
  18. ↑ "Open verdict on hanged man's son". BBC News. 22 October 2003.
  19. ↑ "Court of Appeal judgment [1998] EWCA Crim 2516 (30 July 1998)". Bailii.org. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
  20. ↑ "Innocence Database".
  21. ↑ "Jesse Boorn".
  22. ↑ "Stephen Boorn".
  23. ↑ "Thomas Berdue".
  24. ↑ "William Woods".
  25. ↑ "Michael Sabol".
  26. ↑ "George Rusnak".
  27. ↑ "William Jackson Marion".
  28. ↑ "Will Purvis".
  29. ↑ "Michael J. Synon".
  30. ↑ "Henry Miller".
  31. ↑ "Samuel Greason".
  32. ↑ "David Sherman".
  33. ↑ "Andrew Toth".
  34. ↑ "Stearns Kendall Abbott".
  35. ↑ "J.B. Brown".
  36. ↑ "John McElwrath".
  37. ↑ "Herman Zajicek".
  38. ↑ "Charles Stielow".
  39. ↑ "Frank Jordano".
  40. ↑ "John Pender".
  41. ↑ "George Williams".
  42. ↑ "Fred Dove".
  43. ↑ "Frank Dove".
  44. ↑ "Joseph Weaver".
  45. ↑ "Gangi Cero".
  46. ↑ "Richard Phillips".
  47. ↑ "William Harper".
  48. ↑ "Harry Cashin".
  49. ↑ "Edward Larkman".
  50. ↑ "Gus Langley".
  51. ↑ "Eugene Williams".
  52. ↑ "Willie Roberson".
  53. ↑ "Ozie Powell".
  54. ↑ "Olen Montgomery".
  55. ↑ "Ayliff Draper".
  56. ↑ "Tom Jones".
  57. ↑ "Thomas J. Mooney".
  58. ↑ "George Bilger".
  59. ↑ "Walter Woodward".
  60. ↑ "Jack Williamson".
  61. ↑ "Charlie Davis".
  62. ↑ "William Wellmon".
  63. ↑ "Charles Bernstein".
  64. ↑ "Sidney Rudish".
  65. ↑ "Morris Malinski".
  66. ↑ "Lemuel Parrott".
  67. ↑ "Clyde Beale".
  68. ↑ "Horace Wilson".
  69. ↑ "James Thorpe".
  70. ↑ "John McKenzie".
  71. ↑ "McKinley Forrest".
  72. ↑ "Silas Rogers".
  73. ↑ "George Lettrich".
  74. ↑ "Camilo Leyra".
  75. ↑ "L.D. Harris".
  76. ↑ "Aaron Turner".
  77. ↑ "Harry Dale Bundy".
  78. ↑ "James Fulton Foster".
  79. ↑ Kennedy, Dolores. "Warren K. Billings". National Registry of Exonerations Pre 1989. University of Michigan Law School . Retrieved 1 May 2024.
  80. ↑ "Robert Lee Kidd".
  81. ↑ "Isidore Zimmerman".
  82. ↑ "Theodore Jordan".
  83. ↑ "Robert Ballard Bailey".
  84. ↑ "James Giles".
  85. ↑ "John Giles".
  86. ↑ "Joseph Johnson".
  87. ↑ "Paul Kern Imbler".
  88. ↑ "Lloyd Eldon Miller".
  89. ↑ "Dave Roby Keaton".
  90. ↑ "Anthony Carey".
  91. ↑ sanderson04 (2016-01-22). "Freddie Lee Pitts (1937-2020)". witnesstoinnocence. Retrieved 2022-02-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  92. ↑ "Clarence Smith, Jr".
  93. ↑ "Ronald Keine".
  94. ↑ "Richard Greer".
  95. ↑ "Thomas Gladish".
  96. ↑ "Christopher Spicer".
  97. ↑ "James Creamer".
  98. ↑ "Clarence Norris".
  99. ↑ Tibbs, Delbert Lee (2001). "Studs Terkel: Will The Circle Be Unbroken, Center on Wrongful Convictions". Northwestern University School of Law . Retrieved 2014-03-13.
  100. ↑ "Exoneree, Center on Wrongful Convictions: Northwestern Pritzker School of Law". www.law.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  101. ↑ "Delbert Tibbs".
  102. ↑ "Earl Patrick Charles".
  103. ↑ "Gary Radi".
  104. ↑ "Gary Beeman".
  105. ↑ "Jerry Banks".
  106. ↑ "Larry Hicks".
  107. ↑ "Michael Linder".
  108. ↑ "Johnny Ross".
  109. ↑ "Lawyer Johnson".
  110. ↑ "Anthony Silah Brown".
  111. ↑ "Neil Ferber".
  112. ↑ "Clifford Henry Bowen".
  113. ↑ "Former death row inmate now charged in wife's killing". Fox News. September 17, 2012
  114. ↑ "Joseph "Shabaka" Green Brown". National Registry of Exonerations, University of California-Irvine.
  115. ↑ .Chicago Tribune. November 13th, 2014
  116. ↑ "Exoneree, Center on Wrongful Convictions: Northwestern Pritzker School of Law". www.law.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  117. ↑ "Juan Ramos".
  118. ↑ "Robert Wallace".
  119. ↑ "Anthony Ray Peek".
  120. ↑ "Larry Troy".
  121. ↑ "Exoneree, Center on Wrongful Convictions: Northwestern Pritzker School of Law". www.law.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  122. ↑ "James Joseph Richardson".
  123. ↑ "Clarence Brandley".
  124. ↑ "Dale Johnston".
  125. ↑ "Gary Nelson".
  126. ↑ "Charles Smith".
  127. ↑ "Jay C. Smith".
  128. ↑ Walter McMillian National Registry of Exonerations.
  129. ↑ "Walter McMillian". Equal Justice Initiative. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  130. 1 2 Grisham, John (2006). The Innocent Man: Murder and Injustice in a Small Town. Doubleday Books
  131. ↑ "Gregory Wilhoit".
  132. ↑ "Kirk Bloodsworth".
  133. ↑ "Muneer Deeb".
  134. ↑ "Larry Hudson".
  135. ↑ "Federico Macias".
  136. ↑ "James Albert Robison".
  137. ↑ "Andrew Golden".
  138. ↑ "Bones linked to jailed hit man". derkeiler.com. March 29, 2007
  139. ↑ "Robert Cruz".
  140. ↑ "Rolando Cruz". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  141. ↑ "Alejandro Hernandez". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  142. ↑ "Sabrina Butler".
  143. ↑ "Adolph Munson".
  144. ↑ "Verneal Jimerson". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  145. ↑ "Dennis Williams". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  146. ↑ "Exoneree, Center on Wrongful Convictions: Northwestern Pritzker School of Law". www.law.northwestern.edu. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  147. ↑ "Joseph Burrows".
  148. ↑ "David Grannis".
  149. ↑ "Troy Lee Jones".
  150. ↑ "Carl Lawson".
  151. ↑ "Roberto Miranda".
  152. ↑ "Ricardo Aldape Guerra".
  153. ↑ "Benjamin Harris".
  154. ↑ "Christopher McCrimmon".
  155. ↑ "Larry Randal Padgett".
  156. ↑ "Curtis Kyles".
  157. ↑ Getting Off Death Row, NPR, March 26, 2007
  158. ↑ Cohen, Stanley (2003). The Wrong Men: America's Epidemic of Wrongful Death Row Convictions. Carroll & Graf Publishers. p.  41. ISBN   978-0-7867-1258-8.
  159. ↑ "Ronald Jones". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  160. ↑ "Ronald Jones".
  161. ↑ "Clarence Richard Dexter, Jr".
  162. ↑ "Alfred Rivera".
  163. ↑ "Steven Smith".
  164. ↑ "Earl Washington". Innocence Project. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  165. ↑ "Frank Lee Smith". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  166. ↑ "Eric Clemmons".
  167. ↑ "Hubert Geralds, Jr".
  168. ↑ "Michael Graham".
  169. ↑ "Joseph Green".
  170. ↑ "Oscar Morris".
  171. ↑ "William Nieves".
  172. ↑ "Charles Irvin Fain". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  173. ↑ "Albert Burrell".
  174. ↑ "Gary Drinkard".
  175. ↑ "Louis Greco".
  176. ↑ "Peter Limone".
  177. ↑ "Joaquin Jose Martinez".
  178. ↑ "Donald Paradis".
  179. ↑ "Henry Tameleo".
  180. ↑ Chachere, Vickie: "Florida Death Row Inmate To Be Released After 17 Years", Associated Press, Jan 3, 2002
  181. ↑ "Know the Cases: Browse Profiles: Ray Krone" Archived 2014-04-03 at the Library of Congress Web Archives. Innocence Project. Retrieved March 13, 2014.
  182. ↑ "Today Ray Krone Celebrates 17 Years of Freedom". Innocence Project. Retrieved 2022-02-15.
  183. ↑ "Thomas Kimbell".
  184. ↑ "Andre Minnitt".
  185. ↑ "Larry Osborne".
  186. ↑ Pennsylvania v. Yarris, No 690-OF1982, Court of Common Pleas, Delaware County, September 3, 2003. Order vacating conviction.
  187. ↑ Gross, Alexandra (10 July 2014). "JOHN THOMPSON". The National Registry of Exonerations. Retrieved 16 December 2015.
  188. ↑ "Joseph Amrine".
  189. ↑ "Madison Hobley".
  190. ↑ "Rudolph Holton".
  191. ↑ "Stanley Howard".
  192. ↑ "Timothy Howard".
  193. ↑ "Gary Lamar James".
  194. ↑ "Leroy Orange".
  195. ↑ "Aaron Patterson".
  196. ↑ "Lemuel Prion".
  197. ↑ "Wesley Quick".
  198. ↑ Joseph Neff (2004-12-19). "N.C. Prosecutors Stifled Evidence". The News & Observer . pp. A1.
  199. ↑ Balleza, Maureen (October 8, 2004). "After 17 years on death row, Texas inmate walks free". The New York Times . Retrieved March 11, 2017.
  200. ↑ "Ryan Matthews". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  201. ↑ "Laurence Adams".
  202. ↑ "Dan L. Bright".
  203. ↑ "Patrick Croy".
  204. ↑ "Gordon Steidl".
  205. ↑ "Derrick Jamison".
  206. ↑ "Harold C. Wilson".
  207. ↑ "Curtis McCarty". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  208. ↑ "Jonathon Hoffman".
  209. ↑ "Michael Lee McCormick".
  210. ↑ "Kennedy Brewer". Innocence Project. Retrieved 29 April 2020.
  211. ↑ "Death Row Inmate Freed After 15 Years". WRAL-TV. April 2, 2008.
  212. ↑ Linehan, Julie (September 3, 2013). "In justice system, back to business as usual" Archived 2014-03-13 at the Wayback Machine . The News & Observer .
  213. ↑ Merchant, Nomaan (November 13, 2012). "Michael Blair, Texas Man Who Admitted Rape, Wrongly Imprisoned For Murder, Seeks Compensation". The Huffington Post .
  214. ↑ Jennings, Diane (August 23, 2013). "Texas Supreme Court denies admitted child rapist Michael Blair compensation for wrongful conviction in Ashley Estell murder" Archived 2016-01-27 at the Wayback Machine . The Dallas Morning News .
  215. ↑ Gross, Alexandra. "Michael Blair". National Registry of Exonerations. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
  216. ↑ "Judge won't declare ex-death row inmate innocent" Archived 2014-03-13 at the Wayback Machine . ABC 7 Chicago/Associated Press. March 5, 2014.
  217. ↑ Grinberg, Emanuella (May 14, 2009). " Exonerated death row inmate: 'Took 'em long enough'". CNN.
  218. ↑ Satterfield, Jamie (May 12, 2009). "Prosecutor drops charges; House's family 'on Cloud Nine'" Archived 2014-02-28 at the Wayback Machine . knoxnews.com.
  219. ↑ McClain, Clarissa; Galloway, Drew (June 17, 2013). "The Top Stories from the Past 50 Years". WHNT 19 News.
  220. ↑ Blakley, Derrick (September 5, 2013). "City Poised To Pay Another Police-Torture Settlement". CBS 2 Chicago.
  221. ↑ "Michael Toney, Recently Exonerated from Death Row in Texas, Dies in Car Crash". Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
  222. ↑ "Yancy Douglas".
  223. ↑ "Paris Powell".
  224. ↑ "Robert Springsteen".
  225. ↑ Rogers, Brian (October 27, 2010). "Texas sets man free from death row". Houston Chronicle .
  226. ↑ "Recently Cleared Tennessee Inmate Added to List of Exonerations". Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
  227. ↑ Robertson, Campbell (August 19, 2011). "Deal Frees 'West Memphis Three' in Arkansas". The New York Times . Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
  228. ↑ Blackmon, Douglas A. (September 28, 2012). "Louisiana death-row inmate Damon Thibodeaux exonerated with DNA evidence". The Washington Post.
  229. ↑ "Michael Keenan freed, murder charge from 24 years ago dismissed by Cuyahoga County judge (Photo gallery)". June 16, 2021. Retrieved June 16, 2021.
  230. ↑ "Former death row inmate acquitted; released from jail". Local 10.com. Miami. December 22, 2012.
  231. ↑ "Joe D'Ambrosio".
  232. ↑ Oliphint, Joel (20 September 2017). "Delayed Justice: The Dale Johnston case". Columbus Monthly . Retrieved 2023-02-09.
  233. ↑ "Wrongly convicted Ohio man, 81, says death row was 'hell on earth'". The Guardian. 2015-03-11. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 2023-02-09.
  234. ↑ "INNOCENCE: Another Exoneration from Death Row--Reginald Griffin of Missouri". Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved March 12, 2014.
  235. ↑ Bever, Lindsey (March 12, 2014). "After nearly 30 years on death row, Glenn Ford is exonerated — and free". The Washington Post.
  236. ↑ "State Supreme Court throws out death row inmate's conviction for 1987 killing". Tampa Bay Times . June 13, 2014. Retrieved October 30, 2014.
  237. ↑ "Half-brothers to go free after convictions overturned in 1983 murder". WRAL. September 2, 2014.
  238. ↑ "Ricky Jackson and Wiley Bridgeman: Exonerated friends leave prison after 39 years behind bars". cleveland.com. November 21, 2014. Retrieved November 21, 2014.
  239. ↑ "Kwame Ajamu".
  240. ↑ Hastings, Deborah (2014-12-17). "Black teen executed in S.C. has conviction overturned". NY Daily News. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
  241. ↑ "Debra Milke, Who Spent 22 Years On Death Row, Has Murder Case Thrown Out". The Huffington Post . March 23, 2015. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
  242. ↑ "Alabama exonerates man who spent 30 years on death row for a crime he did not commit" (PDF). Death Penalty Information Center. April 3, 2015. Retrieved April 3, 2015.
  243. ↑ Nave, R. L. (2015-04-22). "DA Dropping Charges Against Willie Jerome Manning in One Set of Murders". Jackson Free Press. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  244. ↑ Balko, Radley (2015-06-10). "Texas death row inmate Alfred Dewayne Brown is released from prison". The Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  245. ↑ "William Lee". National Registry of Exonerations. Michigan State University College of Law. 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  246. ↑ "Supreme Court vacates death sentence of Pasco man convicted in Land O'Lakes murder". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 2016-11-16.
  247. ↑ "Innocence Database". Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  248. ↑ Jedra, Christina. "Former Delaware death row inmate: I was convicted of murder, exonerated, and wrongfully accused again". The News Journal. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  249. ↑ "He spent five years on death row. Now the charges have been dropped". NBC News. 20 April 2017. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  250. ↑ "Supreme Court orders Ralph Wright Jr. to be acquitted of 2007 St. Pete killings". Tampa Bay Times. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  251. ↑ "Former Arkansas death row inmate freed after 16 years in custody; charges dropped in mutilation case". Arkansas Online. 2017-10-12. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  252. ↑ "Robert Miller". Innocence Project. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  253. ↑ "Innocence Database". Death Penalty Information Center. Retrieved 30 April 2020.
  254. ↑ Tchekmedyian, Alene (2019-06-26). "Vicente Benavides spent 25 years on death row. Now he's suing over 'false evidence'". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  255. ↑ Williams, Michael (23 November 2018). "Exonerated from death row, freedom is a 'beautiful dream' for Clemente Aguirre-Jarquin". orlandosentinel.com. Retrieved 2021-02-21.
  256. ↑ "Nevada Court Orders Man's Release from Death Row Due to Prosecutorial Misconduct and Inadequate Defense". Equal Justice Initiative . September 19, 2019. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
  257. ↑ The National Registry of Exonerations Clifford Williams Jr.
  258. ↑ For 42 years, two Florida men were imprisoned for murder. Now, they're free after the state tosses the case. CNN, March 29, 2019
  259. ↑ The National Registry of Exonerations Charles Finch
  260. ↑ "Christopher Williams".
  261. ↑ "Robert Duboise".
  262. ↑ "Curtis Flowers".
  263. ↑ "Kareem Johnson".
  264. ↑ "Roderick Johnson".
  265. ↑ "Walter Ogrod".
  266. ↑ "Sherwood Brown".
  267. ↑ "Eddie Lee Howard, Jr".
  268. ↑ "Barry Williams".
  269. ↑ Jiménez, Jesus (2023-12-20). "Man Cleared of Murder After More Than 48 Years in Prison". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331 . Retrieved 2023-12-21.
  270. ↑ Alfonseca, Kiara (September 20, 2023). "Man formerly on death row gets murder case dismissed after 48 years". ABC News. Retrieved 2023-12-21.
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