Palo Verde Valley

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Aerial view looking north along the Palo Verde Valley and into the Parker Valley, where the Colorado River defines the border between California (left) and Arizona (right). A portion of the city of Blythe, California, and Ehrenberg, Arizona, and Interstate Highway 10 are visible at the bottom. Palo Verde Valley aerial.jpg
Aerial view looking north along the Palo Verde Valley and into the Parker Valley, where the Colorado River defines the border between California (left) and Arizona (right). A portion of the city of Blythe, California, and Ehrenberg, Arizona, and Interstate Highway 10 are visible at the bottom.

The Palo Verde Valley (Spanish: Valle de Palo Verde) [1] [2] is located in the Lower Colorado River Valley, next to the eastern border of Southern California with Arizona, United States. [3] It is located on the Colorado Desert within the Sonoran Desert south of the Parker Valley. Most of the valley is in Riverside County, with the southern remainder in Imperial County. La Paz County borders to the east on the Colorado River.

Contents

The region is the ancestral home of several Native American tribes: the Quechan, the Chemehuevi and Matxalycadom or Halchidhoma, [4] [5] some who have Indian reservations in California and Arizona along the Colorado and Gila Rivers today.

Geography

The Palo Verde Valley is part of the Sonoran Desert's Colorado Desert. The Big Maria Mountains are north of the valley, and the Colorado River forms the valley's boundaries to the east and south. Other mountains nearby are the McCoy Mountains to the west (north in Interstate 10), the Chocolate Mountains to the south, the Little Maria Mountains to the northwest, and the Dome Rock Mountains to the east.

Features

Agriculture is the valley's most important industry since indigenous farming. Crops include melons, alfalfa, cotton and vegetables. [6] The Palo Verde Irrigation District (PVID), with its water sourced from the Palo Verde Diversion Dam, controls the canal system for these fields. Dating back to Thomas Henry Blythe's filing in 1877, the PVID has the most senior Colorado River water rights of any California agency. [7]

The city of Blythe is in the center of the Palo Verde Valley and is the only incorporated community. Other communities include Mesa Verde, Ripley, and Palo Verde. Across the Colorado from the southern edge of the Palo Verde Valley is Cibola Valley. [8]

Water transfers to MWD

In a 2005 agreement, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) negotiated with PVID in Blythe to fallow, or idle, farm land for 35 years. The deal will transfer water that would have been used for farming in the area of Blythe, Ripley and Palo Verde to MWD.

According to a 1990 pilot study, water diversions and fallowed farm land reduced farming employment. The MWD provided $6 million in a development fund to reimburse the community for losses caused by shifting water to urban areas. [9]

California currently uses more than its allotted share of water from the Colorado River. The transfer agreement also seeks to address over-use of river water. It is partly designed to reduce overall diversions from the river.

In 2015, MWD purchased more than 12,000 acres (4,900 hectares) in the valley in addition to 9,000 acres (3,600 hectares) owned as of 2004, and is now PVID's biggest landowner. The Irvine Ranch Water District also purchased 3,100 acres (1,300 hectares). On August 4, 2017, PVID filed a lawsuit against MWD over the latter's most recent land purchase and six land leases, which was accused of illegally obtaining water rights. [10]

Transportation

Interstate 10 goes through the Palo Verde Valley in an east-west direction across Blythe. US Route 95 goes through the northeastern part of the Valley. California State Route 78's northern terminus is near the valley's western edge from Interstate 10.

The Blythe Airport is west of the valley. [11]

Rail transportation by the Arizona and California Railroad served the valley until 2007.

Public transportation, by bus is operated by Palo Verde Valley Transit Agency, which offers lifeline service to the Coachella valley. FlixBus and Greyhound Lines also serve the community of Blythe on their routes between Los Angeles and Phoenix. [12] [13]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blythe, California</span> City in California, United States

Blythe is a city in eastern Riverside County, California, United States. It is in the Palo Verde Valley of the Lower Colorado River Valley region, an agricultural area and part of the Colorado Desert along the Colorado River, approximately 224 miles (360 km) east of Los Angeles and 150 miles (240 km) west of Phoenix. Blythe was named after Thomas Henry Blythe, a San Francisco financier, who established primary water rights to the Colorado River in the region in 1877. The city was incorporated on July 21, 1916. The population was 18,317 at the 2020 census.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sonoran Desert</span> Desert in Mexico and the United States

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Low Desert</span> Informal term for certain areas in California, US

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colorado Desert</span> Subdivision of the larger Sonoran Desert, California

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colorado River Aqueduct</span> Water conveyance in Southern California

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chiriaco Summit, California</span> Unincorporated community in California, United States

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chemehuevi Mountains</span> Landform in southern California near the Colorado River

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Ripley is a census-designated place community in east Riverside County. It is located along State Route 78 (SR78) between Palo Verde and Blythe. The area is mostly agricultural lands irrigated by Colorado River water. The elevation is 249 feet (76 m). The population was 692 at the 2010 census.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parker Valley</span> Landform within the Lower Colorado River Valley

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Palo Verde Dam</span> Dam in Arizona / Riverside County, California

The Palo Verde Dam is a diversion dam on the Colorado River in La Paz County, Arizona, and Riverside County, California, in the southwestern United States, approximately 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Blythe. The dam is earthen and rockfill, built solely to divert water into irrigation canals serving the Palo Verde Irrigation District. It measures 1,850 feet (560 m) long at its crest, which is at an elevation of 283.5 feet (86.4 m), and stands 46 feet (14 m) high above the riverbed, containing approximately 175,000 cubic yards (134,000 m3) of material. Construction of the dam, which began in 1956 and ended in 1958, was authorized by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The dam was constructed to raise the water level of the river because the upstream Hoover and Davis Dams blocked sediment, causing significant degradation of the riverbed that hampered water diversion.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Course of the Colorado River</span> Route and confluences of the Colorado River in the United States and Mexico

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Blythe Intake</span> Historic site in Palo Verde Dam

The Blythe Intake is the place of the first irrigation canal to feed water to the Palo Verde Valley in 1877. It is located just north of Blythe, California in Riverside County, California. The Blythe Intake was designated a California Historic Landmark (No.948) on March 1, 1982. The site of the Blythe Intake is currently at the Palo Verde Dam.

References

  1. New York Times - La búsqueda de agua atraviesa fronteras
  2. Imperial Valley Press - Ejecutan federales operativo en sembradío ilegal de marihuana
  3. "Blythe Area Chamber of Commerce - Visitor's Guide" . Retrieved 2014-11-13.
  4. Underwood, Jackson (2005). "Ethnohistoric and Ethnographic Context For The North Baja Pipeline" (PDF). Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology. 18. Retrieved 2014-11-13.
  5. Roth, George (1977). "The Calloway Affair of 1880: Chemehuevi Adaptation and Chemehuevi-Mohave Relations". Journal of California Anthropology. 4 (2).
  6. Palo Verde Historical Museum and Society (2005). Blythe and the Palo Verde Valley. Arcadia Publishing. ISBN   978-0-7385-3072-7.
  7. Perry, Tony (2015-08-15). "Palo Verde Valley farmers and MWD find fallowing deal a win-win, so far". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2016-09-21.
  8. United States. Bureau of Reclamation (1921). Preliminary Report on Problems of Imperial Valley and Vicinity, Required by Act of Congress, Approved May 18, 1920: Public No. 208, 66th Congress. Printed for Use of the Committee on Irrigation of Arid Lands, House of Representatives (41 U.S. Statutes, 600) January, 1921. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 69.
  9. James, Ian (2017-09-28). "A new fight over water in the California desert, with echoes of 'Chinatown'". Desert Sun . Retrieved 2018-03-04.
  10. "FAA Information about Blythe Airport (BLH)".
  11. shop.flixbus.com https://shop.flixbus.com/search?departureCity=490d29d8-7151-4e05-86df-68fba4f000be&arrivalCity=1225fb13-2255-4263-a50f-08d088678438&route=Los+Angeles,+CA-Phoenix-Tempe,+AZ&rideDate=12.06.2024&adult=1&_locale=en_US&features%5Bfeature.enable_distribusion%5D=1&features%5Bfeature.train_cities_only%5D=0&features%5Bfeature.auto_update_disabled%5D=0&features%5Bfeature.webc_search_station_suggestions_enabled%5D=0&features%5Bfeature.darken_page%5D=1&atb_pdid=8404e949-b0e2-4d02-86cd-afa845476508&_sp=f9066fff-53d6-48ad-bda0-13d1243e726c&_spnuid=4d103bb2-d967-4c8e-820a-59ea0437c583_1718210769531 . Retrieved 2024-06-12.{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  12. "Bus Routes Overview | Greyhound". www.greyhound.com. Retrieved 2024-06-12.

33°21′27″N114°42′32″W / 33.35750°N 114.70889°W / 33.35750; -114.70889