Rockstar New England

Last updated

Rockstar New England, Inc.
FormerlyMad Doc Software, LLC (1999–2008)
Company type Subsidiary
Industry Video games
FoundedNovember 1999;24 years ago (1999-11)
FounderIan Lane Davis
Headquarters
Andover, Massachusetts
,
US
Key people
Number of employees
≈100 (2007)
Parent Rockstar Games (2008–present)

Rockstar New England, Inc. (formerly Mad Doc Software, LLC) is an American video game developer and a studio of Rockstar Games based in Andover, Massachusetts. Ian Lane Davis founded the company as Mad Doc Software in November 1999 after working as technical director for Activision. The studio worked with Activision on Star Trek: Armada before leading the development of its sequel, Star Trek: Armada II . From 2002 on, Mad Doc was the principal developer of the Empire Earth series, developing two games and two expansions. While the successful Empire Earth II landed the company publishing contracts with Rockstar Games and Bethesda Softworks, Empire Earth III was a critical and commercial failure and led to an end for the series. Mad Doc developed Star Trek: Legacy for Bethesda Softworks and Bully: Scholarship Edition for Rockstar Games. After the latter was released in March 2008, Rockstar Games's parent company, Take-Two Interactive, bought Mad Doc and made it part of Rockstar Games as Rockstar New England. Under Rockstar Games, the studio worked on a sequel to Bully until its developers were reallocated to projects like Max Payne 3 .

Contents

History

Early years and Empire Earth (1999–2007)

A former Mad Doc Software logo Mad Doc Software Logo.png
A former Mad Doc Software logo

Rockstar New England was founded as Mad Doc Software by Ian Lane Davis. A native of Andover, Massachusetts, he first came into contact with video games while enrolled at Andover public schools in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He frequently visited arcades and, while at Doherty Junior High around 1982, Davis received his first computer, an Apple II Plus. Among his favorite games were Ultima , Wizardry , and One on One: Dr. J vs. Larry Bird . [1] He later attended Phillips Academy until 1987, graduated from Dartmouth College with majors in mathematics, English, and computer science in 1991, and obtained a doctorate in artificial intelligence and robotics from Carnegie Mellon University in 1996. [1] [2] [3] Davis landed his first job with the video game company Activision in Santa Monica, California, acting as technical director from 1996 to 1999. [1] [4] During this time, he worked on Dark Reign: The Future of War , Battlezone , Dark Reign: Rise of the Shadowhand , and Civilization: Call to Power . [5]

Davis left Activision to move back to Andover, where he founded Mad Doc in November 1999. [1] [6] With him as the only employee, the company took on contract work and consulting jobs to hire further staff. Despite being urged to do so by several people, Davis did not seek venture capital. [7] Mad Doc's first projects were development support on Star Trek: Armada and additional programming and art for Call to Power II , both released by Activision. [8] [9] In 2000, the studio relocated to neighboring Lawrence, first occupying "cramped, temporary quarters" before it moved into 6,600 square feet (610 m2) of renovated office space on the fifth floor of the Everett Mills. [1] [10] Mad Doc was the first video game company in Lawrence, and Davis hoped its presence would attract more in the future, which ultimately did not happen. [10] [11] Nine months after its founding, Mad Doc had grown to employ ten people and began contacting publishers for development projects. [7] It led the development of Star Trek: Armada II for Activision, initially with eight developers. [1] When the game was announced in March 2001, Mad Doc mostly comprised former developers from Looking Glass Studios, a defunct studio previously based in nearby Cambridge. [12] [13] By July 2001, it had grown to twenty employees, with Davis believing that the staff would never exceed thirty. [10] Star Trek: Armada II was released in November 2001. [14] Mad Doc further inherited the development of Jane's Attack Squadron from Looking Glass Studios, which had been canceled with that studio's closure. [13] [15] The finished game was released in March 2002. [16]

In May 2002, Sierra Entertainment announced Mad Doc as the developer of Empire Earth: The Art of Conquest , an expansion pack for the 2001 game Empire Earth . [17] While the expansion received mixed reviews when it was released in September 2002, Mad Doc remained the principal developer of the Empire Earth series. [18] [19] Around this time, Mad Doc collaborated with Splash Damage on Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory , developing its single-player component. Publisher Activision scrapped this portion in February 2003 because its development "did not progress as anticipated". [20] [21] With Gas Powered Games, Mad Doc worked on Dungeon Siege: Legends of Aranna , an expansion pack for 2002's Dungeon Siege . [22] Legends of Aranna was released in November 2003, and Mad Doc published a free bonus pack in September 2004. [23] [24] By January 2004, Mad Doc had forty-eight employees and US$3.5 million in annual revenue. [7] The studio's Empire Earth II was released in April 2005, followed by the expansion Empire Earth II: The Art of Supremacy in February 2006. [25] [26] The success of the game and its expansion led Mad Doc to publishing contracts with Bethesda Softworks and Rockstar Games. [18] With the former, the studio developed Star Trek: Legacy after Bethesda Softworks had acquired a license for the Star Trek franchise. [27] The game was released in November 2006. [28] Mad Doc then developed another Empire Earth entry, Empire Earth III . [29] The production cost roughly $10 million and the game came out in November 2007. [30] [31] Due to a multitude of issues, Empire Earth III became a critical and commercial failure and is considered to have ended the Empire Earth franchise. [32]

Acquisition and projects under Rockstar Games (2007–present)

Under its contract with Rockstar Games, Mad Doc developed an enhanced version of Bully , which had been developed by Rockstar Games's Rockstar Vancouver studio and released to commercial success for the PlayStation 2 in 2006. Mad Doc remastered the game and added further missions, characters, and items. [18] [33] The version was announced as Bully: Scholarship Edition in July 2007 for the Wii and Xbox 360. [34] By December 2007, Mad Doc and its roughly 100 employees had relocated to a 20,400 square feet (1,900 m2) office in Ballardvale, a village within Andover. [1] [35] Davis stated that the studio would remain in Andover because it was his "favorite place", where he lived with his wife Vicky and was planning to raise his children. [1] [2] Shaun McDermott, while chief financial officer of the studio, regarded the location as an asset because of the wide range of lifestyles that employees could live in nearby communities. [36] In late 2007, Davis was named the Entrepreneur of the Year by the Greater Boston Chamber of Commerce. [1] Around this time, Mad Doc created maps for the multiplayer mode of Turok , developed by Propaganda Games and released in February 2008. [37]

Bully: Scholarship Edition was released in March 2008. [38] Take-Two Interactive, Rockstar Games's parent company, acquired Mad Doc in the same month for $6.068 million: $3.740 million in cash, 53,033 shares of its unregistered common stock (valued at $1.353 million), and $975,000 in development advances. [39] The acquisition was announced on April 4, 2008, and Mad Doc became part of Rockstar Games as Rockstar New England. [40] [41] Davis remained with the studio as studio director, alongside Ken Davis. [18] [42] Employees initially reacted positively to the acquisition due to the reputation and size of Rockstar Games. Over time, the former Mad Doc workplace culture faded while crunch increased. Some employees "felt they were expected by other people within the company to prove their dedication to Rockstar through long hours, and that they would be 'harassed' when trying to leave the studio". [18] In June 2009, Rockstar New England laid off approximately 10% of its staff, including several artists and the entire quality assurance (QA) department. According to one insider speaking with Kotaku , Rockstar Games sought to have one dedicated QA studio instead of having QA departments at its other studios. Other employees reported at the time that the severance packages were "fairly generous" and that Rockstar Games was helping some of the affected employees get new jobs. [43] [44] However, one laid-off artist later claimed that he had not received such assistance. [18]

Under Rockstar Games, Rockstar New England commenced several projects. It created a Windows version of Bully: Scholarship Edition, which was released in October 2008, and assisted the development of Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned , Grand Theft Auto: The Ballad of Gay Tony , and Red Dead Redemption . The studio also began developing a sequel to Bully while Rockstar Vancouver was allocated to Max Payne 3 . Some employees believed the project to be a test for the newly acquired studio to prove it was worth the investment. Roughly 50–70 people, most of the studio, were involved with the game at some point. The team envisioned a small open world with high interactivity, such as actions towards non-player characters (NPCs) having long-term consequences and every building being enterable, including by force. For the latter, Rockstar New England developed a detailed glass fragmentation system. A vertical slice of Bully 2 was created and playable. However, in 2010, the studio began re-allocating the game's developers to other projects. [18] It joined Rockstar Vancouver, Rockstar London, and Rockstar Toronto in the development of Max Payne 3, which was released in May 2012. [18] [45] The game re-used the glass fragmentation mechanic previously designed for Bully 2. [18]

In early 2013, Rockstar New England completed its three-month process of moving from Ballardvale to Andover's Dundee Park. [46] The studio worked alongside all other Rockstar Games studios on Red Dead Redemption 2 , which was released in October 2018. [47] The mechanic of consequences from NPC interactions that the studio had created for Bully 2 was incorporated into this game. [18]

Games developed

As Mad Doc Software

List of games developed by Rockstar New England, 2000–2008
YearTitlePlatform(s)Publisher(s)Notes
2000 Star Trek: Armada Windows Activision Supportive development for Activision
Call to Power II Supportive development for Activision
2001 Star Trek: Armada II
2002 Jane's Attack Squadron Xicat Interactive
Empire Earth: The Art of Conquest Sierra Entertainment
2003 Dungeon Siege: Legends of Aranna Microsoft Game Studios Co-developed with Gas Powered Games
2005 Empire Earth II Vivendi Universal Games
2006 Empire Earth II: The Art of Supremacy
Star Trek: Legacy Windows, Xbox 360 Bethesda Softworks
2007 Empire Earth III Windows Vivendi Games
2008 Turok PlayStation 3, Windows, Xbox 360 Disney Interactive Studios Supportive development for Propaganda Games
Bully: Scholarship Edition Android, iOS, Wii, Windows, Xbox 360 Rockstar Games

As Rockstar New England

List of games developed by Rockstar New England, 2008–present
YearTitlePlatform(s)Publisher(s)Notes
2009 Grand Theft Auto IV: The Lost and Damned PlayStation 3, Windows, Xbox 360Rockstar GamesSupportive development for Rockstar North
Grand Theft Auto: The Ballad of Gay Tony Supportive development for Rockstar North
2010 Red Dead Redemption Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360Supportive development for Rockstar San Diego
2011 L.A. Noire Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Windows, Xbox 360, Xbox One Supportive development for Team Bondi
2012 Max Payne 3 macOS, PlayStation 3, Windows, Xbox 360Developed as part of Rockstar Studios
2013 Grand Theft Auto V PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox 360, Xbox One, Xbox Series X/S Supportive development for Rockstar North
2018 Red Dead Redemption 2 PlayStation 4, Stadia, Windows, Xbox OneDeveloped as part of Rockstar Games

Canceled

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Activision</span> American video game publisher

Activision Publishing, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in Santa Monica, California. It serves as the publishing business for its parent company, Activision Blizzard, and consists of several subsidiary studios. Activision is one of the largest third-party video game publishers in the world and was the top United States publisher in 2016.

<i>Star Trek: Armada</i> 2000 video game

Star Trek: Armada is a real-time strategy video game for Microsoft Windows developed and published in 2000 by Activision. The game's look and feel is based primarily on Star Trek: The Next Generation, and features a few of its main characters and ships. Playable factions include the United Federation of Planets, the Klingon Empire, the Romulan Star Empire and the Borg. The game received mixed to positive reviews and was noted for being one of the better Star Trek games to be made. A sequel, Star Trek: Armada II, was released on November 16, 2001.

<i>Star Trek: Armada II</i> 2001 video game

Star Trek: Armada II is a real-time strategy video game published by Activision in 2001, based upon the Star Trek universe. The game was developed by Mad Doc Software. It is the sequel to Star Trek: Armada. Star Trek: Armada II was released by Activision a year after they acquired the full rights to all the franchise holding of the video game's franchise from Viacom. It was the first of the three major Star Trek video game sequel titles that were released by Activision from 2001 until their departure from the franchise in 2003. On December 13, 2021, both Armada and Armada II were re-released on GoG.com, which had also released several other older Star Trek titles earlier that year.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Take-Two Interactive</span> American video game holding company

Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc. is an American video game holding company based in New York City founded by Ryan Brant in September 1993.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockstar Games</span> American video game publisher

Rockstar Games, Inc. is an American video game publisher based in New York City. The company was established in December 1998 as a subsidiary of Take-Two Interactive, using the assets Take-Two had previously acquired from BMG Interactive. Founding members of the company were Terry Donovan, Gary Foreman, Dan and Sam Houser, and Jamie King, who worked for Take-Two at the time, and of which the Houser brothers were previously executives at BMG Interactive. Sam Houser heads the studio as president.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockstar North</span> British video game developer

Rockstar Games UK Limited is a British video game development company and a studio of Rockstar Games based in Edinburgh. The company was founded as DMA Design in Dundee in 1987 by David Jones, soon hiring former classmates Mike Dailly, Russell Kay, and Steve Hammond. During its early years, DMA Design was backed by its publisher Psygnosis, primarily focusing on Amiga, Atari ST and Commodore 64 games. During this time, they created successful shooters such as Menace and Blood Money, but soon turned to platform games after the release of Lemmings in 1991, which was an international success and led to several sequels and spin-offs. After developing Unirally for Nintendo, DMA Design was set to become one of their main second-party developers, but this partnership ended after Nintendo's disapproval of Body Harvest.

<i>Star Trek: Away Team</i> 2001 video game

Star Trek: Away Team is an isometric real-time tactics video game developed by Reflexive Entertainment and published by Activision. The game was initially released in March 2001 for personal computers using Microsoft Windows in North America. The game is set in the Star Trek universe, after the end of the Dominion War seen in the television series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine. It features a range of new characters, set on board the USS Incursion with voice appearances by Brent Spiner and Michael Dorn as Lieutenant Commander Data and Ambassador Worf, respectively. The game received mixed reviews, with criticism directed at the graphics, elements of the gameplay including the lack of any artificial intelligence, and the limited length of the game.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockstar Leeds</span> British video game developer

Rockstar Leeds Limited is a British video game developer and a studio of Rockstar Games based in Leeds. Ian J. Bowden, Dave Box, Gordon Hall, and Jason McGann founded the company as Möbius Entertainment in December 1997 after working together at the studio Hookstone. Möbius worked with SCi on two games: Alfred's Adventure, a remake of the Twilight-developed Alfred Chicken, and the cancelled Titanium Angels. From 2001 on, the studio created Game Boy Advance games for several publishers, including multiple for The 3DO Company and Max Payne for Rockstar Games.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockstar Toronto</span> Canadian video game developer

Rockstar Games Toronto ULC is a Canadian video game developer and a studio of Rockstar Games based in Oakville, Ontario. The company was established as Imagexcel in the early 1980s and developed more than fifteen games under that name, including Quarantine, which was published by GameTek in 1994. The publisher bought the studio's assets through its Alternative Reality Technologies subsidiary in March 1995 and then sold Alternative Reality Technologies to Take-Two Interactive in July 1997. The studio became part of Take-Two's Rockstar Games label as Rockstar Canada in 1999 and was renamed Rockstar Toronto in 2002 when Take-Two acquired Rockstar Vancouver. Under Rockstar Games, the studio developed the 2005 game The Warriors, based on the 1979 film of the same name, as well as several ports, including the Windows versions of Grand Theft Auto IV, Grand Theft Auto: Episodes from Liberty City, Max Payne 3, and Grand Theft Auto V. In July 2012, Rockstar Vancouver was merged into Rockstar Toronto, which then moved into larger offices.

<i>Bully</i> (video game) 2006 action-adventure video game

Bully is a 2006 action-adventure video game developed by Rockstar Vancouver and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on 17 October 2006 for the PlayStation 2. A remastered version of the game, subtitled Scholarship Edition, was developed by Mad Doc Software and released on 4 March 2008 for Xbox 360 and Wii, and on 21 October 2008 for Windows. Bully was re-released for PlayStation 4 available via PlayStation Network on 22 March 2016. An updated version of the Scholarship Edition, titled Anniversary Edition, was developed by War Drum Studios and released for Android and iOS on 8 December 2016.

Radical Entertainment Inc. is a Canadian video game developer based in Vancouver. The studio is best known for developing The Simpsons: Hit & Run (2003), Scarface: The World Is Yours (2006), Prototype (2009) and Prototype 2 (2012), as well as entries in the Crash Bandicoot franchise. Radical Entertainment was founded in September 1991 by Rory Armes, Dave Davis, and Ian Wilkinson. It was acquired by Vivendi Games in 2005 and transferred to Activision in 2008. The studio faced significant layoffs in 2010 and 2012, with the latter causing it to cease development of original games and only support other Activision studios.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockstar London</span> British video game developer

Rockstar London Limited is a British video game developer and a studio of Rockstar Games based in London. Mark Washbrook established the company in November 2005 within Rockstar Games' European publishing offices. The studio's first game was Manhunt 2, which it took over from Rockstar Vienna after that studio was shut down in May 2006. Rockstar London later developed Midnight Club: L.A. Remix and co-led the development of Max Payne 3. Washbrook left the company in January 2011.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockstar Vancouver</span> Canadian video game developer

Rockstar Vancouver Inc. was a Canadian video game developer and a studio of Rockstar Games based in Vancouver. The studio is best known for developing Bully (2006).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rockstar Lincoln</span> British video game developer

Rockstar Lincoln Limited is a British video game developer based in North Hykeham. It is the quality assurance and localisation studio of Rockstar Games. Steve Marsden and David Cooke founded the company as Spidersoft in May 1992. Initially, it primarily developed Game Boy and Game Gear ports of various titles, including pinball video games for publisher 21st Century Entertainment, which acquired Spidersoft in 1995. After 21st Century Entertainment shut down in March 1998, Take-Two Interactive acquired Spidersoft in June that year and renamed it Tarantula Studios. The studio continued working on Game Boy and Game Boy Color games, such as Grand Theft Auto (1999). In 2002, the development arm of Tarantula Studios was shut down and the quality assurance portion was integrated into Take-Two's Rockstar Games label as Rockstar Lincoln.

<i>Empire Earth III</i> 2007 video game

Empire Earth III is a real-time strategy video game developed by Mad Doc Software and published by Sierra Entertainment, released on November 6, 2007. It is the latest installment of the Empire Earth series.

<i>Grand Theft Auto V</i> 2013 video game

Grand Theft Auto V is a 2013 action-adventure game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It is the seventh main entry in the Grand Theft Auto series, following 2008's Grand Theft Auto IV, and the fifteenth instalment overall. Set within the fictional state of San Andreas, based on Southern California, the single-player story follows three protagonists—retired bank robber Michael De Santa, street gangster Franklin Clinton, and drug dealer and gunrunner Trevor Philips, and their attempts to commit heists while under pressure from a corrupt government agency and powerful criminals. Players freely roam San Andreas's open world countryside and fictional city of Los Santos, based on Los Angeles.

Development of <i>Red Dead Redemption</i> Development of 2010 video game

A team of approximately 1,000 people developed Red Dead Redemption over five years. Rockstar Games published the action-adventure game in May 2010 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, and in August 2023 for the Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4. A spiritual successor to the 2004 game Red Dead Revolver, its development was led by Rockstar San Diego's core 180-person team, who collaborated with Rockstar's Leeds, New England, North, and Toronto teams to assist development; Rockstar North, developer of the Grand Theft Auto series, consulted in the creation of the open world. After its announcement in 2009, the game was fervently promoted with press showings, cinematic trailers, and viral marketing strategies. Its release date, though subject to several delays, was widely anticipated. The working hours and managerial style of the studio during development was met with public complaints from staff members.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Mad Doc cooks up fantasy games, government projects". The Andover Townsman . December 26, 2007. Archived from the original on December 31, 2007.
  2. 1 2 Smith, Joanne (Winter 2009). "Class Notes". Andover Bulletin. Phillips Academy. p. 84. Retrieved October 24, 2022– via Internet Archive.
  3. ↑ "Dartmouth at Play: Gaming". Hopkins Center for the Arts. February 16, 2021. Archived from the original on June 19, 2021. Retrieved July 8, 2022.
  4. ↑ Davis, Ian Lane (February 24, 2012). "From Robograd to Rockstar™: Lessons in Transforming from a Naive Academic to a Stressed Out Entrepreneur (& Why You'd Have To Be Insane to Do It)". Carnegie Mellon University. Archived from the original on August 26, 2022. Retrieved August 26, 2022.
  5. ↑ Davis, Ian Lane (February 11, 2005). "Get a Life: How AI in Video Games Makes Characters Come Alive". Carnegie Mellon University. Archived from the original on October 23, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  6. ↑ "Thousands Invited to Beta-Test Empire Earth: The Art of Conquest" (Press release). Sierra Entertainment. August 1, 2002. Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017– via Blue's News.
  7. 1 2 3 McLaughlin, Kathleen (January 4, 2004). "Mad Doc founder in it for power". The Eagle-Tribune . Archived from the original on February 4, 2004.
  8. ↑ Morrissey, Mike (August 15, 2001). "Surround Light Coming to Your PC?". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  9. ↑ "Call to Power™ II Manual" (PDF). Activision. 2000. p. 66. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 23, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2022– via Steam.
  10. 1 2 3 Murray, Andy (July 8, 2001). "More than just fun and games". The Eagle-Tribune . Archived from the original on January 6, 2004.
  11. ↑ Murray, Andy (May 9, 2004). "On the attack". The Eagle-Tribune . Archived from the original on June 11, 2004.
  12. ↑ "Activision Beaming Toward Star Trek: Armada II". IGN . March 14, 2001. Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  13. 1 2 Fleming, Jeffrey (September 15, 2009). "Gamescape: A Look at Development in North America's Cities, Page 2 of 8". Gamasutra . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  14. ↑ "Armada II Out of Dry Dock". IGN . November 19, 2001. Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  15. ↑ Plunkett, Luke (April 7, 2011). "This Place Was Like A Breeding Program For Awesome Games And Famous Developers". Kotaku . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  16. ↑ Reilly, Luke (April 1, 2013). "5 More Defunct Developers Who Went Out With a Bang". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  17. ↑ Butts, Steve (May 16, 2002). "Empire Earth: The Art of Conquest". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Hester, Blake (December 30, 2021). "The Version Of Bully 2 You'll Never Get To Play". Game Informer . Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
  19. ↑ Butts, Steve (September 26, 2002). "Empire Earth: The Art of Conquest". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  20. ↑ Bramwell, Tom (February 11, 2003). "No Return for PC Wolfenstein". Eurogamer . Archived from the original on October 23, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  21. ↑ Parker, Sam (February 11, 2003). "Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory canceled". GameSpot . Archived from the original on July 15, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  22. ↑ Butts, Steve (July 9, 2003). "Dungeon Siege: Legends of Aranna Interview". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  23. ↑ Goldstein, Maarten (October 24, 2003). "Dungeon Siege Expansion Gold". Shacknews . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  24. ↑ Bramwell, Tom (February 9, 2004). "Dungeon Siege bonus pack released". Eurogamer . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  25. ↑ Adams, Dan (April 25, 2005). "Empire Earth II". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  26. ↑ Goldstein, Maarten (February 6, 2006). "Empire Earth 2: The Art of Supremacy Golden". Shacknews . Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 9, 2022.
  27. ↑ Jenkins, David (January 25, 2006). "Bethesda Officially Acquires Star Trek License". Gamasutra . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  28. ↑ IGN PC Team (September 1, 2006). "PC Games of Fall 2006, Page 2 of 5". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  29. ↑ Kolan, Patrick (February 25, 2007). "Empire Earth III Announced". IGN . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  30. ↑ Superannuation (January 15, 2014). "How Much Does It Cost To Make A Big Video Game?". Kotaku . Archived from the original on November 29, 2018. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  31. ↑ "Empire Earth III conquers factories". GameSpot . October 23, 2007. Archived from the original on November 6, 2019. Retrieved November 11, 2019.
  32. ↑ Williams, Mike (April 4, 2014). "10 Games That Killed a Franchise". USgamer . Archived from the original on December 5, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  33. ↑ Anderson, Luke (January 21, 2008). "Bully: Scholarship Edition Impressions". GameSpot . Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  34. ↑ Grant, Christopher (July 19, 2007). "Bully: Scholarship Edition coming to Xbox 360 and Wii". Engadget . Archived from the original on December 5, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  35. ↑ "What companies are moving, staying or relocating?". Boston Business Journal . August 2, 2010. Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022– via The Business Journals.
  36. ↑ Joyce, Kerry (June 9, 2006). "'Burb Magnet". Boston Business Journal . Archived from the original on July 10, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022– via The Business Journals.
  37. ↑ Bergfeld, Carlos (December 3, 2007). "Turok Multiplayer Hands-On Preview". Shacknews . Archived from the original on November 5, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
  38. ↑ Bramwell, Tom (March 10, 2008). "Bully: Scholarship Edition". Eurogamer . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  39. ↑ "Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc. – Annual Report 2008". Take-Two Interactive. December 18, 2008. pp. 76–77. Archived from the original on May 22, 2022. Retrieved July 10, 2022.
  40. ↑ Androvich, Mark (April 5, 2008). "Rockstar acquires Mad Doc Software". GamesIndustry.biz . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  41. ↑ Sinclair, Brendan (April 4, 2008). "Rockstar acquires Mad Doc". GameSpot . Archived from the original on October 17, 2018. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  42. ↑ Hanselman, Jennifer (May 2013). "Annual English Career Night". The Broadsheet. No. 1. Merrimack College. p. 1. Archived from the original on October 23, 2022. Retrieved October 23, 2022.
  43. ↑ Ashcraft, Brian (June 24, 2009). "Layoffs At Rockstar New England". Kotaku . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  44. ↑ Brice, Kath (June 24, 2009). "Rockstar lays off 10% of New England staff – report". GamesIndustry.biz . Archived from the original on December 4, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
  45. ↑ Totilo, Stephen (October 6, 2011). "We Watched them Play Max Payne 3 , and We Were Very Impressed". Kotaku . Archived from the original on October 3, 2018. Retrieved December 9, 2017.
  46. ↑ "Real Estate Briefs". The Eagle-Tribune . February 3, 2013. Archived from the original on July 19, 2021. Retrieved November 6, 2019.
  47. ↑ Crecente, Brian (October 24, 2018). "The Story Behind the Story of 'Red Dead Redemption 2'". Variety . Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.