Rufus May

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Rufus May
NationalityBritish
Alma mater University of East London
Occupation Clinical Psychologist
Website rufusmay.com

Rufus May (born 1968) is a British clinical psychologist best known for using his own experiences of being a psychiatric patient to promote alternative recovery approaches for those experiencing psychotic symptoms. After formally qualifying as a clinical psychologist, he then disclosed that he had been previously detained in hospital with a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Contents

Early life and education

May grew up in Islington, north London. [1]

May qualified from the University of East London in 1998.

Experiences of mental health

May was diagnosed with schizophrenia in 1986 at age 18. May was compulsorily detained in a psychiatric hospital on three occasions. [2] [3] He understands his psychotic experiences as a reaction to experiences of emotional loss and social isolation. [4] Among other beliefs, he developed ideas he was an apprentice spy for the British secret service. [5] He also experienced messages from the radio and television. This eventually led to three admissions to Hackney Hospital within 14 months. [4]

After a year of receiving psychiatric drug treatment, Rufus May decided to stop being involved with psychiatric services and stop taking the drugs he was being prescribed; he then used exercise, creative activities, social relationships and voluntary work to regain his well-being. [6]

Clinical approach

Rufus May has used his professional knowledge and own experiences of psychosis to focus on developing services that are more patient centered and therapeutic approaches that are more collaborative, without relying on chemical imbalance theories of mental distress. [5] For example, he works with those experiencing auditory hallucinations by conversing directly with the voice to help discover the meaning of these dissociative experiences. He draws upon the Nonviolent Communication style developed by Marshall Rosenberg and mindfulness.

His approach received considerable publicity when it was the subject of The Doctor Who Hears Voices, a 2008 British television documentary broadcast on Channel 4 about a junior doctor helped by May to overcome her experiences of hearing voices. [7] [8] Directed by Leo Regan, the documentary depicts the therapy which May provided to the junior doctor, played by actress Ruth Wilson. [9] The programme created a significant reaction [10] with both support and criticism of May's approach [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] and was a 2008 finalist in the Mind Mental health media awards. [17]

Religion and culture

May has expressed sympathy for individuals who come from various cultural backgrounds or those who hold specific religious beliefs in regards to proper treatment.

He has stated that "...for many people their voices are spiritual entities...we are working alongside traditional spiritual healers to create healing workshops that will help people deal with negative spirits. To insist on medicalizing this experience is now being recognized as culturally oppressive and colonial." [18]

Professional career

May has worked as a clinical psychologist in Tower Hamlets, East London, England. [6] He currently works as a clinical psychologist in an assertive outreach team in Bradford, England. He is actively involved in consumer recovery groups such as the hearing voices network and a Bradford mental health discussion and campaign group, Evolving Minds. [19] [20]

He often provides comments in the British media against the use of compulsory detention and the forcibly use of medications legislation. [2] [21]

His story has received a number of awards, including a Mental Health Media Survivor and Factual Radio awards in October 2001 for Fergal Keane's show Taking a Stand on Radio Four. [22] [23] and a 2008 award for the TV documentary. [17]

Publications

See also

Related Research Articles

Psychosis is a condition of the mind that results in difficulties determining what is real and what is not real. Symptoms may include delusions and hallucinations, among other features. Additional symptoms are incoherent speech and behavior that is inappropriate for a given situation. There may also be sleep problems, social withdrawal, lack of motivation, and difficulties carrying out daily activities. Psychosis can have serious adverse outcomes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hallucination</span> Perception in the absence of external stimulation that has the qualities of real perception

A hallucination is a perception in the absence of an external stimulus that has the qualities of a real perception. Hallucinations are vivid, substantial, and are perceived to be located in external objective space. Hallucination is a combination of two conscious states of brain wakefulness and REM sleep. They are distinguishable from several related phenomena, such as dreaming, which does not involve wakefulness; pseudohallucination, which does not mimic real perception, and is accurately perceived as unreal; illusion, which involves distorted or misinterpreted real perception; and mental imagery, which does not mimic real perception, and is under voluntary control. Hallucinations also differ from "delusional perceptions", in which a correctly sensed and interpreted stimulus is given some additional significance.

Schizoaffective disorder is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal thought processes and an unstable mood. This diagnosis requires symptoms of both schizophrenia and a mood disorder: either bipolar disorder or depression. The main criterion is the presence of psychotic symptoms for at least two weeks without any mood symptoms. Schizoaffective disorder can often be misdiagnosed when the correct diagnosis may be psychotic depression, bipolar I disorder, schizophreniform disorder, or schizophrenia. This is a problem as treatment and prognosis differ greatly for most of these diagnoses.

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The mental status examination (MSE) is an important part of the clinical assessment process in neurological and psychiatric practice. It is a structured way of observing and describing a patient's psychological functioning at a given point in time, under the domains of appearance, attitude, behavior, mood and affect, speech, thought process, thought content, perception, cognition, insight, and judgment. There are some minor variations in the subdivision of the MSE and the sequence and names of MSE domains.

The Hearing Voices Movement (HVM) is the name used by organizations and individuals advocating the "hearing voices approach", an alternative way of understanding the experience of those people who "hear voices". In the medical professional literature, ‘voices’ are most often referred to as auditory verbal hallucinations. The movement uses the term ‘hearing voices’, which it feels is a more accurate and 'user-friendly' term.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Robert Whitaker (author)</span> American journalist

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Brief psychotic disorder—according to the classifications of mental disorders DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5—is a psychotic condition involving the sudden onset of at least one psychotic symptom lasting 1 day to 1 month, often accompanied by emotional turmoil. Remission of all symptoms is complete with patients returning to the previous level of functioning. It may follow a period of extreme stress including the loss of a loved one. Most patients with this condition under DSM-5 would be classified as having acute and transient psychotic disorders under ICD-10. Prior to DSM-IV, this condition was called "brief reactive psychosis." This condition may or may not be recurrent, and it should not be caused by another condition.

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The Critical Psychiatry Network (CPN) is a psychiatric organization based in the United Kingdom. It was created by a group of British psychiatrists who met in Bradford, England in January 1999 in response to proposals by the British government to amend the Mental Health Act 1983. They expressed concern about the implications of the proposed changes for human rights and the civil liberties of people with mental health illness. Most people associated with the group are practicing consultant psychiatrists in the United Kingdom's National Health Service (NHS), among them Dr Joanna Moncrieff. A number of non-consultant grade and trainee psychiatrists are also involved in the network.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Peter Lehmann (author)</span>

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References

  1. "Dr Rufus May: One man and a bed". Independent.co.uk . 22 September 2011.
  2. 1 2 "I survived mental illness". BBC News World Edition. 25 June 2002. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  3. James, Oliver (2007) [2002]. They f*** you up. Bloomsbury.
  4. 1 2 "Dr Rufus May: One man and a bed". The Independent (UK). 6 August 2006. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  5. 1 2 "The mad doctor: The extraordinary story of Dr Rufus May, the former psychiatric patient". The Independent (UK). London. 18 March 2007. Archived from the original on 8 July 2009. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  6. 1 2 James, Adam (20 September 2000). "Spying on the psychiatrists: Insider who has challenged the treatment of mental illness". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  7. "A dialogue with myself". The Independent. London. 15 April 2008. Retrieved 20 March 2010.
  8. "Review of The Doctor Who Hears Voices (2008)". Internet Movie Database . Retrieved 21 March 2010.
  9. "Channel 4 The doctor who hears voices" . Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  10. "News on the film reaction". Psychminded. Archived from the original on 13 January 2010. Retrieved 19 March 2010.
  11. "Frontier Psychiatrist blog" . Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  12. Banks-Smith, Nancy (22 April 2008). "Last night's TV: The Doctor Who Hears Voices". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  13. Flett, Kathryn (27 April 2008). "Hear the voices from the other side". The Observer. London. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  14. Cooke, Rachel (24 April 2008). "A dangerous experiment". New Statesman. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  15. "Hearing voices with your head in the sand". Mind Hacks. 22 April 2008. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  16. Hoggart, Paul (19 April 2008). "The dangerous methods of Leo Regan in The Doctor Who Hears Voices". The Times. London. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  17. 1 2 "Mind Media Awards 2009" . Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  18. Hewis, Elaine; Knight, Tamasin (2013). Beyond Belief: Alternative Ways of Working with Delusions, Obsessions and Unusual Experiences. Peter Lehmann Publishing.
  19. "Rufus May website" . Retrieved 24 March 2010.
  20. "Evolving Minds website" . Retrieved 24 March 2010.
  21. Horton, Clare (21 December 2000). "Mental health proposals flawed, says ex-psychiatric patient". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  22. Double, D. B. (November 2002). "Critical thinking in psychiatry: A positive agenda for change". Lecture for the Mind Conference. Retrieved 23 March 2010.
  23. James, John (24 October 2001). "Society Role models. Praise for mental health media images". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 24 March 2010.