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The pastourelle (French:[pastuʁɛl]; also pastorelle, pastorella, or pastorita is a typically Old French lyric form concerning the romance of a shepherdess. In most of the early pastourelles, the poet knight meets a shepherdess who bests him in a battle of wit and who displays general coyness. The narrator usually has sexual relations, either consensual or rape, with the shepherdess, and there is a departure or escape. Later developments moved toward pastoral poetry by having a shepherd and sometimes a love quarrel. The form originated with the troubadour poets of the 12th century and particularly with the poet Marcabru.
The pastorela was an Occitan lyric genre used by the troubadours. It gave rise to the Old French pastourelle. The central topic was always the meeting of a knight with a shepherdess, which could lead to any of a number of possible conclusions. They were usually humorous pieces. The genre was allegedly invented by Cercamon, whose examples do not survive, and was most famously taken up by his (alleged) pupil Marcabru.
En Johan Esteve de Bezers, in modern orthography Joan Esteve, was a troubadour from Béziers. The only chansonnier which contains his eleven works, also calls him Olier de Bezers, implying that he was perhaps a potter. All his works are accompanied by dates of composition which allows scholars to place his literary output between 1270 and 1288.
A Nativity play or Christmas pageant is a play which recounts the story of the Nativity of Jesus. It is usually performed at Christmas, the feast of the Nativity.
Sue Harris is an English musician classically trained as an oboeist, but best known for her folk music performances with the hammered dulcimer.
Joaquín Cosío Osuna is a Mexican actor and poet. He has been nominated four times for the Mexican Academy of Film Ariel Awards, winning the Ariel Award for Best Supporting Actor for his work as Gabriel in The Thin Yellow Line in 2016.
Cerverí de Girona was a Catalan troubadour born Guillem de Cervera in Girona. He was the most prolific troubadour, leaving behind some 114 lyric poems among other works, including an ensenhamen of proverbs for his son, totaling about 130. He was a court poet to James the Conqueror and Peter the Great. He wrote pastorelas and sirventes and his overriding concern was the complexities of court life. None of his music survives.
Gavaudan was a troubadour and hired soldier at the courts of both Raymond V and Raymond VI of Toulouse and later on in Castile. He was from Gévaudan, as his name implies. He wrote moralising lyrics, either religious or political, and ten of his works survive, including five sirventes, two pastorelas, one canso, one planh for an anonymous domna (lady), and one Crusade song. He is sometimes clumped in a primitive Marcabrunian "school" of poetry alongside Bernart Marti, Bernart de Venzac, and Peire d'Alvernhe. He developed a hermetic style, combining elements of the trobar ric and trobar clus.
Joyos de Tolosa, whose first named is also spelled Joios, was a troubadour from Toulouse. He has left behind only one pastorela, "L'autr' ier el dous tems de Pascor", in which he names himself as the author. It is three coblas in length and mirrors the poem "Lantelm, qui·us onra ni·us acuoill" by Lanfranc Cigala in structure. Joyos' knight compains to the shepherdess (pastorela) of the mistreatment he receives at the hands of his lady (dompna).
Father José Trinidad Reyes y Sevilla was a Honduran priest who founded the National Autonomous University of Honduras, formerly called "La Sociedad del Genio emprendedor y del buen gusto". He advocated against poverty by assisting the poor and supporting their right to education on matters of faith, culture, and science.
Joseph Julián González is an American composer based in Los Angeles, California. Working primarily as a composer for television and film, he also composes for live orchestra and choir performance.
Pastorela is a 2011 Mexican Christmas black comedy film directed by Emilio Portes and starring Joaquín Cosío, Eduardo España, Carlos Cobos and Ana Serradilla. It won the Ariel Award for Best Picture in 2012.