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| 145th Division (1948–52) 219th Infantry Division (1952–60) 219th Army Division (1960–70) 164th Army Division (1970–1985) 164th Infantry Division (1985–98) 164th Marine Brigade (1998–) | |
|---|---|
| Active | 1948.11 – |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Branch | People's Liberation Army, People's Liberation Army Marine Corps |
| Type | Brigade |
| Role | Marine Infantry |
| Part of | South Sea Fleet |
| Garrison/HQ | Zhanjiang, Guangdong |
| Engagements | Chinese Civil War, Sino-Vietnamese War |
The 145th Division (Chinese :第145师) was created in November 1948 under the Regulation of the Redesignations of All Organizations and Units of the Army, issued by Central Military Commission on November 1, 1948, [1] basing on the 34th Division, 12th Column of the PLA Northeastern Field Army. Its history can be traced to Eastern Harbin Security Command, formed in September 1945.
Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases not mutually intelligible, language varieties, forming the Sinitic branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Chinese is spoken by the Han majority and many minority ethnic groups in China. About 1.2 billion people speak some form of Chinese as their first language.
The Fourth Field Army was a military formation of the People's Liberation Army. It was formed during the Chinese Civil War by existing members of Eighth Route Army and New Fourth Army stationed in Manchuria along with others, where they fought against the Republic of China government. The army also incorporated elements of the former Manchurian occupation forces, which included around 30 thousand Japanese troops. The army was commanded by Lin Biao, and it was involved in many crucial battles including the Liaoshen Campaign.
The division is part of 49th Corps. Under the flag of 145th division it took part in several major battles during the Chinese Civil War. The division was composed of 433rd, 434th and 435th Regiments.
The Chinese Civil War was a war fought between the Kuomintang (KMT)-led government of the Republic of China and the Communist Party of China (CPC). Although particular attention is paid to the four years of Chinese Communist Revolution from 1945 to 1949, the war actually started in August 1927, with the White Terror at the end of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition, and essentially ended when major hostilities between the two sides ceased in 1950. The conflict took place in two stages: the first between 1927 and 1937, and the second from 1946 to 1950, with the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937–1945 separating them. The war marked a major turning point in modern Chinese history, with the Communists gaining control of mainland China and establishing the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, forcing the Republic of China (ROC) to retreat to Taiwan. It resulted in a lasting political and military standoff between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait, with the ROC in Taiwan and the PRC in mainland China both officially claiming to be the legitimate government of all China.
In April 1952 the division absorbed the disbanding 219th Division (former a part of People's Liberation Army of the Nationalist Party of China), and renamed as 219th Infantry Division(Chinese :步兵第219师). The division was then transferred to 55th Corps' control.
As of late 1952 the division was composed of:
- 655th Infantry Regiment;
- 656th Infantry Regiment;
- 657th Infantry Regiment;
- 545th Artillery Regiment.
In 1960 the division renamed as 219th Army Division(Chinese :陆军第219师).
In January 1970 the division was renamed as 164th Army Division(Chinese :陆军第164师). All its regiments were renamed as follows:
- 490th Infantry Regiment (former 655th);
- 491st Infantry Regiment (former 656th);
- 492nd Infantry Regiment (former 657th);
- Artillery Regiment (former 545th).
In February 1979 the division took part in the Sino-Vietnamese War. During the conflict it inflicted 2195 casualties and 10 POWs to opposing PAVN forces.
In October 1985 the division renamed as 164th Infantry Division(Chinese :步兵第164师) and transferred to 41st Army's control following 55th Army Corps' disbandment.
From 1985 to 1998 it maintained as a Southern Infantry Division, Catalogue B.
In 1998, the division was transferred to People's Liberation Army Navy's control, under the command of South Sea Fleet, and reduced and renamed as 164th Marine Brigade(Chinese :海军陆战第164旅).
The brigade is now stationing in Zhanjiang, Guangdong, as one of the two major maneuver brigades of People's Liberation Army Marine Corps. Since then the brigade is composed of:
- Amphibious Armored Regiment;
- Tank Battalion;
- Amphibious Assault Battalion;
- Amphibious Reconnaissance Group;
- 1st Marine Battalion;
- 2nd Marine Battalion;
- 3rd Marine Battalion;
- Artillery Battalion;
- Missile Battalion – one MANPADS battery and one ATGM battery;
- Security-Communication Battalion;
- Engineer-NBC Battalion;
- Maintenance Battalion;
- Independent companies and detachments: Diving Company, Automobile Company, Medical Company, Training Team, Amphibious Reconnaissance Detachment, Helicopter Detachment. [2]
