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George Stephenson was an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer during the Industrial Revolution. Renowned as the "Father of Railways", Stephenson was considered by the Victorians as a great example of diligent application and thirst for improvement. His chosen rail gauge, sometimes called "Stephenson gauge", was the basis for the 4-foot-8+1⁄2-inch (1.435 m) standard gauge used by most of the world's railways.
Darlington is a market and industrial town in County Durham, England. It is the main administrative centre of the unitary authority Borough of Darlington. The borough is a constituent member of the devolved Tees Valley area.
Robert Stephenson, DCL was an English civil engineer and designer of locomotives. The only son of George Stephenson, the "Father of Railways", he built on the achievements of his father. Robert has been called the greatest engineer of the 19th century. Stephenson's death was widely mourned, and his funeral afforded marks of public honour. He is buried in Westminster Abbey.
The Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR) was a railway company that operated in north-east England from 1825 to 1863. The world's first public railway to use steam locomotives, its first line connected collieries near Shildon with Darlington and Stockton in County Durham, and was officially opened on 27 September 1825. The movement of coal to ships rapidly became a lucrative business, and the line was soon extended to a new port at Middlesbrough. While coal waggons were hauled by steam locomotives from the start, passengers were carried in coaches drawn by horses until carriages hauled by steam locomotives were introduced in 1833.
The North Eastern Railway (NER) was an English railway company. It was incorporated in 1854 by the combination of several existing railway companies. Later, it was amalgamated with other railways to form the London and North Eastern Railway at the Grouping in 1923. Its main line survives to the present day as part of the East Coast Main Line between London and Edinburgh.
Saltburn-by-the-Sea, commonly referred to as Saltburn, is a seaside town in the civil parish of Saltburn, Marske and New Marske, in the Redcar and Cleveland district, in North Yorkshire, England, 12 miles (19 km) south-east of Hartlepool and 5 miles (8 km) south-east of Redcar. It lies within the historic boundaries of the North Riding of Yorkshire. It had a population of 5,958 in 2011.
Edward Pease, a woollen manufacturer from Darlington, England, was the main promoter of the Stockton and Darlington Railway, which opened in 1825. He is sometimes referred to as the "Father of the Railways".
Locomotion No. 1 is an early steam locomotive that was built in 1825 by the pioneering railway engineers George and Robert Stephenson at their manufacturing firm, Robert Stephenson and Company. It became the first steam locomotive to haul a passenger-carrying train on a public railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR).
Joseph Pease was a British proponent and supporter of the Stockton and Darlington Railway Company, one of first public railway systems in the world, and was the first Quaker permitted to take his seat in Parliament.
Thornaby, originally South Stockton, is a railway station on the Tees Valley Line, which runs between Bishop Auckland and Saltburn via Darlington. The station, situated 3 miles 17 chains (5.2 km) south-west of Middlesbrough, serves the market town of Thornaby-on-Tees, Borough of Stockton-on-Tees in North Yorkshire, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by TransPennine Express.
The history of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830 covers the period up to the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the world's first intercity passenger railway operated solely by steam locomotives. The earliest form of railways, horse-drawn wagonways, originated in Germany in the 16th century. Soon wagonways were also built in Britain. However, the first use of steam locomotives was in Wales. The invention of wrought iron rails, together with Richard Trevithick's pioneering steam locomotive meant that Britain had the first modern railways in the world.
John Birkinshaw (1777–1842) was a railway engineer from Bedlington, Northumberland noted for his invention of wrought iron rails in 1820.
Henry Pease was an English railway owner, peace campaigner and a Liberal politician who represented Durham South.
This article lists events relating to rail transport that occurred during the 1790s.
John Dixon (c.1795–1865) was an English railway civil engineer, and was the Stockton and Darlington Railway's Chief Civil Engineer between 1842 and 1865.
John Harris was a railway engineer who worked on the Stockton and Darlington Railway from 1836 to 1847.
The Skerne Bridge is a railway bridge over the River Skerne in Darlington, County Durham. Built in 1825 for the Stockton and Darlington Railway, it carried the first train on the opening day, 27 September 1825. It is still in use, being the oldest railway bridge in continuous use in the world. It is a Grade I listed building.
References
- ↑ Chrimes, Mike (2002). "Murray, Matthew". In Skempton, A. W.; et al. (eds.). A Biographical Dictionary of Civil Engineers, Vol. 1 . London: Thomas Telford on behalf of the Institution of Civil Engineers. pp. 461–462. ISBN 0-7277-2939-X.
- ↑ Railway Mania of the 1800s
- ↑ Kohlmaier, Georg; Barna Von Sartory; John C. Harvey (1981). Houses of Glass: a 19th Century Building Type. The MIT Press. p. 69. ISBN 9780262610704 . Retrieved January 7, 2013.
- ↑ Murray, John (1831). Bertha's Visit to Her Uncle in England: in three volumes. Vol. III. London: William Clowes. pp. 255–257. Retrieved January 7, 2013.
- ↑ "Biografisch-Bibliographisches". Kirchenlexicon. Retrieved January 7, 2013.
- ↑ "Stockton and Darlington Railway". Interesting answers to questions. Jessie's Hope. Archived from the original on 2013-04-15. Retrieved January 7, 2013.
- ↑ "Edward Pease: Biography". Spartacus Educational. Archived from the original on 2013-01-03. Retrieved January 7, 2013.