The 1866 East Suffolk by-election was a double by-election held in the United Kingdom on 25 July 1866. The election was a Conservative seat with two Conservative MPs.
The incumbent Conservative MP John Henniker-Major became Baron Hartismere a new creation which, as it sat in the House of Lords, meant that he could no longer sit in the House of Commons. Although he had for some time had the inherited title of Baron Henniker, this was an Irish Peerage and so meant that he could sit in the House of Commons. The other incumbent Conservative MP, Fitzroy Kelly, had become Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, a senior judge and so had to resign his seat.
There were only two candidates, both Conservatives, and so they were elected unopposed. [1] The candidates were John Henniker-Major's son John Henniker-Major and Edward Kerrison, who had resigned his seat in the nearby seat of Eye, thereby causing the 1866 Eye by-election which was also uncontested. Edward Kerrison was too ill to make an acceptance speech.
John Selwyn Gummer, Baron Deben, is a British Conservative Party politician, formerly the Member of Parliament (MP) for Suffolk Coastal and now a member of the House of Lords. He was Conservative Party Chairman from 1983 to 1985 and held various government posts including Secretary of State for the Environment from 1993 to 1997.
Alan Thomas Howarth, Baron Howarth of Newport, CBE, PC, is a British Labour Party politician, who was a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1983 until 2005. First elected as a Conservative, he is one of few politicians in recent years to have served as a minister in both Labour and Conservative governments. He currently sits in the House of Lords as a Labour life peer.
Michael Nicholson Lord, Baron Framlingham is a British politician, and was a Conservative Member of Parliament for Central Suffolk and North Ipswich between 1997 and 2010. He was first elected for the predecessor seat of Central Suffolk in 1983.
Richard John Grenville Spring, Baron Risby is a former Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom. He served as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bury St Edmunds from 1992 to 1997, and for West Suffolk from 1997 to 2010. He joined the House of Lords in 2010 and is currently the Prime Minister’s Trade Envoy to Algeria and Lebanon.
Baron Henniker, of Stratford-upon-Slaney in the County of Wicklow, is a title in the Peerage of Ireland. It was created in 1800 for Sir John Henniker, 2nd Baronet, who had previously represented Sudbury and Dover in the House of Commons. His son, the second Baron, also sat as a Member of Parliament. In 1792 he assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Major. He was childless and was succeeded by his nephew, the third Baron. He assumed the additional surname of Major by Royal licence in 1822. His son, the fourth Baron, represented Suffolk East in Parliament. In 1866 he was created Baron Hartismere, of Hartismere in the County of Suffolk, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. This title gave him and his descendants an automatic seat in the House of Lords. He was succeeded by his son, the fifth Baron. He also sat as Member of Parliament for Suffolk East and later held minor office in the Conservative administrations of Benjamin Disraeli and Lord Salisbury. His grandson, the eighth Baron, was a prominent diplomat and notably served as British Ambassador to Jordan and to Denmark. As of 2014 the titles are held by the latter's son, the ninth Baron, who succeeded in 2004.
West Suffolk is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Matt Hancock, originally elected as a Conservative but who sits as an Independent following his suspension in November 2022. Between 1832 and 1885 there had also been a constituency, the Western Division of Suffolk that had also been called West Suffolk.
Eye was a parliamentary constituency, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, encompassing an area around the market town and civil parish of Eye, Suffolk.
Independent Unionist has been a label sometimes used by candidates in elections in the United Kingdom, indicating a support for British unionism.
Parliamentary by-elections in the United Kingdom occur when a Member of Parliament (MP) vacates a House of Commons seat during the course of a parliament.
Sir John Major, 1st Baronet was a British merchant, Member of Parliament and Sheriff of Sussex. Major was born at Bridlington in the East Riding of Yorkshire, and started in business there, commanding a ship in the Stockholm trade. He apparently abandoned the sea at the age of around 30, but subsequently developed a thriving iron trade becoming eventually the largest dealer in the country. He built up a considerable fortune, acquiring extensive estates in Suffolk and Sussex and other land elsewhere in England, to a value of around £5,000 a year. Nevertheless, he put his shipping interests at the service of the nation when necessary, apparently at considerable cost to himself, providing ships to transport troops in time of war on more than one occasion.
John Henniker-Major, 4th Baron Henniker, also 1st Baron Hartismere in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, was a British peer and Member of Parliament. He was educated at Eton College and St John's College, Cambridge.
John Major Henniker-Major, 5th Baron Henniker VD DL, was a British peer and Conservative politician.
East Suffolk was a county constituency in Suffolk, England. It returned two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
General Sir Edward Kerrison, 1st Baronet, was a British Army officer and politician.
Sir Edward Clarence Kerrison, 2nd Baronet was a British Conservative Party politician and the Member of Parliament for the borough of Eye.
The 1866 Eye by-election was held on 27 July 1866 after the incumbent Conservative MP Edward Kerrison resigned to contest East Suffolk. The seat was uncontested and won by George Barrington who was the Private Secretary to the Earl of Derby.
The 1846 East Suffolk by-election was held on 19 February 1846 after the resignation of the incumbent Peelite MP, John Henniker-Major. He was succeeded by the unopposed Protectionist Conservative candidate, Edward Sherlock Gooch who was backed by the other Suffolk MP, Lord Rendlesham.
The 1856 East Suffolk by-election was held on 26 December 1856 after the death of the incumbent Conservative MP Sir Edward Gooch. It was won by the unopposed Conservative MP, John Henniker-Major.
The 1870 East Suffolk by-election was held on 1 June 1870 after the incumbent Conservative MP John Henniker-Major was raised to the peerage as the fifth Baron Henniker. It was retained by the Conservative candidate Viscount Mahon.