1st Donetsk Corps | |
---|---|
1-й Донецкий корпус | |
Active | 1 September 1919–11 January 1920 |
Country | Ukraine |
Allegiance | Makhnovshchina |
Branch | Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine |
Type | Partisan corps |
Size | 15,000 |
Garrison/HQ | Donetsk |
Equipment | 15,500 bayonets, 3,650 sabers, 144 machine guns, 16 cannons. [1] |
Engagements | Ukrainian War of Independence:
|
Commanders | |
1st Donetsk Corps | Timofey Lashkevich |
1st Brigade | Alexander Kalashnikov |
2nd Brigade | Trofim Yakovlevich Vdovichenko |
3rd Brigade | Petro Havrylenko |
4th Brigade | Mikhail Uralov |
1st Cavalry Brigade | Fedir Shchus |
Counterintelligence | Lev Zadov |
The 1st Donetsk Corps was a military formation of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, it was created on 1 September 1919 and existed until 1920.
On 1 September 1919, a meeting of insurgents was held in Dobrovelychkivka, at which a delegate was elected from each regiment. The meeting discussed the question of the further political existence of the Makhnovshchina as an independent organism. They also discussed the issue of reorganizing the rebel regiments into a single army that would be effective in guerrilla warfare. The meeting elected a Military Revolutionary Council, as the central command of the insurgents. The insurgent regiments led by Nestor Makhno were officially named the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU). Viktor Belash was in charge of organizing the army. Belash developed the structure of the RIAU, which consisted of four corps (three active and one reserve), each built from a number of divisions, which were in turn divided into regiments, battalions, companies and platoons. [2] Kalashnikov was appointed at the head of the 1st Donetsk corps. [3]
On 27 September 1919, the 1st corps took part in the Battle of Peregonovka, in which the RIAU won a major victory. On 28 September 1919, Makhno decided to conduct a deep raid on the Yekaterinoslav, in which the 1st corps also took part. The Insurgent Army set off on a march in three main columns for the raid. The infantry in carts and cavalry made daily marches of 80-90 versts. The left column, consisting of infantry regiments of the 1st corps, moved 320 miles along the route from Novoarkhanhelsk, to Elisavetgrad, Adjamka and Kamenka, before they arrived at Yekaterinoslav. Units of the 1st corps did not delay in storming the city and changed their route. As a result, Kalashnikov's column occupied Krivoy Rog (this was part of the task of the 2nd corps), and his attack on Yekaterinoslav did not take place.
On 11 January 1920, at a meeting of commanders in Gulyaypole, it was decided to immediately disband the 1st corps to their homes. In the spring of 1920, an insurgent detachment headed by Nestor Makhno was created from the soldiers of the former 1st corps.
Semen Mykytovych Karetnyk was a Ukrainian anarchist and a commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU). He often replaced Nestor Makhno as supreme commander of the Insurgent Army in 1920. Karetnyk gained a reputation for his central role in defeating the White Army in Crimea in November 1920.
The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, also known as Makhnovtsi, named after their leader Nestor Makhno, was an anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainian peasants and workers during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. They protected the operation of "free soviets" and libertarian communes by the Makhnovshchina, an attempt to form a stateless anarcho-communist society from 1918 to 1921 during the Ukrainian War of Independence.
Panteleimon "Panteley" Fyodorovich Belochub, , was a Ukrainian soldier best known as one of the commanders of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, a major belligerent force during the Russian Civil Wars of 1917 – 1921.
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The Air Fleet of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine was one of the branches of the Revolutionary Insurgent Armed Forces.
The 1st Zadneprovskaya Ukrainian Soviet Division was a military unit of the Ukrainian Soviet Army during the Russian Civil War.
Tymofiy Lashkevych was a Ukrainian anarcho-communist that fought with the Makhnovists during the Ukrainian War of Independence as commander of the 1st Donetsk Corps.
Oleksandr Kalashnykov was a Ukrainian anarchist and a commander of the 1st Donetsk Corps of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
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Grigory Savelievich Maslakov, "Maslak" (1877-1921) was a Russian military leader during the Russian Civil War.
Oleksiy Vasylovych Chubenko was a diplomat for the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
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Foma Kozhyn was a Ukrainian revolutionary and the commander of the machine-gun regiment of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
Vasyl Kurylenko was a commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
The Bolshevik–Makhnovist conflict was a period of political and military conflict between the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Makhnovshchina, for control over southern Ukraine. The Bolsheviks aimed to eliminate the Makhnovshchina and neutralise its peasant base. In turn, the Makhnovists fought against the implementation of the Red Terror and the policy of war communism.
Luka Nykyforovych Bondarets was the cavalry commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU).