2nd Azov Corps | |
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2-й Азовский корпус | |
Active | 1 September 1919–11 January 1920 |
Country | Ukraine |
Allegiance | Makhnovshchina |
Branch | Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine |
Type | Partisan corps |
Size | 21,000 |
Garrison/HQ | Azov |
Equipment | 21,000 bayonets, 385 sabers, 176 machine guns, 16 cannons. [1] |
Engagements | Ukrainian War of Independence:
|
Commanders | |
Commander | Trofim Vdovichenko |
Chief of Staff | Feofan Mironov |
The 2nd Azov Corps was a military formation of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, one of the 4 corps that was created on 1 September 1919, and existed until 1920.
On 1 September 1919, a meeting of insurgents was held in Dobrovelychkivka, at which a delegate was elected from each regiment. The meeting discussed the question of the further political existence of the Makhnovshchina as an independent organism. They also discussed the issue of reorganizing the insurgent regiments into a single army that would be effective in guerrilla warfare. The meeting elected a Military Revolutionary Council, as the central command of the insurgents. The insurgent regiments led by Nestor Makhno were officially named the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU). Viktor Belash was in charge of organizing the army. Belash developed the structure of the RIAU, which consisted of four corps (three active and one reserve), each built from a number of divisions, which were in turn divided into regiments, battalions, companies and platoons. [2] Vdovichenko was appointed at the head of the 2nd Azov Corps. [3]
On 27 September 1919, the 1st corps took part in the Battle of Peregonovka, in which the RIAU won a major victory. On 28 September 1919, Makhno decided to conduct a deep raid on Katerynoslav, in which the 1st corps also took part. The Insurgent Army set off on a march in three main columns for the raid. The infantry in carts and cavalry made daily marches of 80–90 versts. The right column, which was made up of the infantry units of the 2nd corps, advanced 315 versts through Peschanyy Brod , Sofiyevka, Dolinskaya, Kryvyi Rih, Apostolove and Nikopol.
On 8 October, the corps occupied Berdyansk, on 9 October – Prymorsk, Osipenko, on 14 October it occupied Mariupol, from here Vdovichenko sent the 2nd cavalry brigade to occupy the city of Taganrog, which was Denikin's headquarters. By the evening of 16 October, the 2nd cavalry brigade occupied Novoazovsk, 65 versts west of Taganrog. By this time, Karani had occupied the railway line from Mariupol to the station with Vdovichenko's infantry, leading an offensive on Volnovakha, where there was a White Guard group guarding the artillery base. [4] On 24 October 1919, the corps commander, Vdovichenko, issued order No. 1 to the "Urban and Rural Councils, other organizations and authorities" for the arrest of deserters who left the Insurgent Army. [5]
On 11 January 1920, at a meeting of commanders in Huliaipole, it was decided to send the 2nd corps to the Berdyansk and Mariupol districts, where it would then dissolve. In the Mariupol district in the spring of 1920, Foma Kozhyn's formations of 100 sabers with 30 tachankas and Maskalevsky's 500 cavalry, collected from the remnants of the 2nd corps, were raided.
The Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, also known as Makhnovtsi, named after their leader Nestor Makhno, was an anarchist army formed largely of Ukrainian peasants and workers during the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922. They protected the operation of "free soviets" and libertarian communes by the Makhnovshchina, an attempt to form a stateless anarcho-communist society from 1918 to 1921 during the Ukrainian War of Independence.
The battle for Donbas was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War that lasted from January to May 1919, in which White forces repulsed attacks of the Red Army on the Don Host Oblast and occupied the Donbas region after heavy fighting.
The Northern Taurida operation was a military campaign of the Russian Civil War between the Red Army and the Wrangel Russian Army for the possession of Northern Taurida. The campaign can be divided into 3 stages: the White offensive, trench warfare around the Kakhovka Bridgehead and the counterattack of the Red Army.
The Battle of Perehonivka or Battle of Peregonovka was a September 1919 military conflict in which the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine defeated the Volunteer Army. After retreating west across Ukraine for four months and 600 kilometers, the Insurgent Army turned east and surprised the Volunteer Army. The Insurgent Army reclaimed its capital of Huliaipole within ten days.
Panteleimon "Panteley" Fyodorovich Belochub, , was a Ukrainian soldier best known as one of the commanders of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, a major belligerent force during the Russian Civil Wars of 1917 – 1921.
The 1st Donetsk Corps was a military formation of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, it was created on 1 September 1919 and existed until 1920.
The 6th Kyiv Corps was a military formation of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, one of 4 corps which was created in October 1919 and existed until 1920.
The 9th Greek Regiment was a regiment that was part of the 3rd Infantry Brigade of the 1st Zadneprovskaya Ukrainian Soviet Division, formed on the basis of the Greek detachments of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine in February 1919.
The Air Fleet of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine was one of the branches of the Revolutionary Insurgent Armed Forces.
The 1st Zadneprovskaya Ukrainian Soviet Division was a military unit of the Ukrainian Soviet Army during the Russian Civil War.
Tymofiy Lashkevych was a Ukrainian anarcho-communist that fought with the Makhnovists during the Ukrainian War of Independence as commander of the 1st Donetsk Corps.
Oleksandr Kalashnykov was a Ukrainian anarchist and a commander of the 1st Donetsk Corps of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
Mikhail Uralov was a Russian anarchist, the head of the "Black Guard" combat units of the Moscow Federation of Anarchists ,and a commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
Yakov "Golden Tooth" Maskalevsky was a Ukrainian rebel ataman and a member of the Makhnovist movement.
The Azov-Black Sea Flotilla was a formation of the Makhnovist fleet, the main area of which was the Sea of Azov.
Oleksiy Vasylovych Chubenko was a diplomat for the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
Ivan Chuchko (1889–1919) was a military commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
Hryhory Vasylivsky was a commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine, often serving as Nestor Makhno's aide-de-camp and as the army's chief of staff.
Vasyl Kurylenko was a commander in the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine.
Luka Nykyforovych Bondarets was the cavalry commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (RIAU).