1st Troop of Horse Guards

Last updated March 03, 2019

The 1st (His Majesty's Own) Troop of Horse Guards was formed from King Charles II's exiled followers in the Netherlands (the Stuart monarchs had been overthrown during the English Civil War, and replaced with the Commonwealth).

Charles II was king of England, Scotland and Ireland. He was king of Scotland from 1649 until his deposition in 1651, and king of England, Scotland and Ireland from the restoration of the monarchy in 1660 until his death.

The Netherlands is a country located mainly in Northwestern Europe. The European portion of the Netherlands consists of twelve separate provinces that border Germany to the east, Belgium to the south, and the North Sea to the northwest, with maritime borders in the North Sea with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. Including three island territories in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba— it forms a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The official language is Dutch, but a secondary official language in the province of Friesland is West Frisian.

The House of Stuart, originally Stewart, was a European royal house of Scotland with Breton origin. They had held the office of High Steward of Scotland since Walter FitzAlan in around 1150. The royal Stewart line was founded by Robert II whose descendants were kings and queens of Scotland from 1371 until the union with England in 1707. Mary, Queen of Scots was brought up in France where she adopted the French spelling of the name Stuart.

The regiment was formed in 1658, and placed on the English establishment three years later, with the official formation of the "modern" British Army. It fought at Dettingen, along with four other troops of the Royal Horse Guards, and eventually absorbed the 3rd Troop of Horse Guards and the 1st Troop, Horse Grenadier Guards. On 25 June 1788, the regiment became the 1st Regiment of Life Guards.

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of British Armed Forces. As of 2018, the British Army comprises just over 81,500 trained regular (full-time) personnel and just over 27,000 trained reserve (part-time) personnel.

The Battle of Dettingen took place on 27 June 1743 at Dettingen on the River Main, Germany, during the War of the Austrian Succession. The British forces, in alliance with those of Hanover and Hesse, defeated a French army under the duc de Noailles. George II commanded his troops in the battle, and this marked the last time a British monarch personally led his troops on the field. The battle straddled the river about 18 miles east of Frankfurt, with guns on the Hessian bank but most of the combat on the flat Bavarian bank. The village of Dettingen is today the town of Karlstein am Main, in the extreme northwest of Bavaria.

The Royal Regiment of Horse Guards (RHG) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army, part of the Household Cavalry.

Colonels and former names of the 1st Troop, Horse Guards

1660 Charles, Baron Gerard —Lord Gerard's Horse Guards
(17 May 1660 - 16 September 1668)
1668 James, Duke of Monmouth —Duke of Monmouth's Horse Guards
(16 September 1668 - 29 November 1679)
1679 Christopher, Duke of Albemarle —Monck's or Duke of Albemarle's Horse Guards
(29 November 1679 - 1 August 1685)
1685 Louis, Earl of Feversham —Duras' or Earl of Feversham's Horse Guards
(1 August 1685 - 2 April 1689)
1689 Richard, Viscount Lumley —Lord Lumley's or Earl of Scarbrough's Horse Guards
(2 April 1689 - 9 March 1699)
1699 Arnold, Earl of Albemarle —Keppel's or Earl of Albemarle's Horse Guards
(9 March 1699 - 26 July 1710)
1710 Henry, Earl of Portland —Bentinck's or Earl of Portland's Horse Guards
(26 July 1710 -7 July 1713)
1713 John, Baron Ashburnham —Ashburnham's Horse Guards
(7 July 1713 - 10 May 1715)
1715 John Montagu, 2nd Duke of Montagu —Duke of Montagu's Horse Guards
(10 May 1715 - 20 September 1721)
1721 Henry, Lord Herbert —Herbert's or Earl of Pembroke's Horse Guards
(20 September 1721 - 4 July 1733)
1733 John, Baron Catherlough —Lord Catherlough's or Earl of Westmorland's Horse Guards
(4 July 1733 - 21 June 1737)
1737 John, Duke of Montagu —Duke of Montagu's Horse Guards
(21 June 1737 - 30 August 1737)
1737 John, Baron De La Warr —West's or (1st) Earl De La Warr's Horse Guards
(30 August 1737 - 16 March 1766)

Charles Gerard, 1st Earl of Macclesfield English noble

Charles Gerard, 1st Earl of Macclesfield PC was an English aristocrat, soldier and courtier.

James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC was a Dutch-born English nobleman. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy, he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II of England, Scotland and Ireland, and his mistress Lucy Walter.

Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle was an English soldier and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1667 to 1670 when he inherited the Dukedom and sat in the House of Lords.

in 1746 absorbed 3rd Troop of Horse Guards

On 1 July 1751 a royal warrant provided that in future regiments would not be known by their colonels' names, but by their "number or rank".

1766 John, Earl De La Warr
(21 March 1766 - 12 December 1777)
1777 William, Marquess of Lothian
(12 December 1777 - 25 June 1788)

John West, 2nd Earl De La Warr British peer, politician and army officer

John West, 2nd Earl De La Warr was a British peer, politician and army officer.

General William John Kerr, 5th Marquess of Lothian was a British soldier and peer, styled Lord Newbottle until 1767 and Earl of Ancram from 1767 to 1775.

in 1788 absorbed 1st Troop, Horse Grenadier Guards

On 25 June 1788 became 1st Regiment of Life Guards

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References

"The Horse Guards". regiments.org. Archived from the original on 18 January 2008.
Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages ^{[ self-published source ]}^{[ better source needed ]}

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