The Ukrainian Air Force is the air force of Ukraine and one of the eight branches of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Its current form was created in 2004 by merging the Ukrainian Air Defence Forces into the Air Force.
The Russian Air Force is a branch of the Russian Aerospace Forces, the latter being formed on 1 August 2015 with the merging of the Russian Air Force and the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the reborn Russian armed forces began to be created on 7 May 1992 following Boris Yeltsin's creation of the Ministry of Defence. However, the Russian Federation's air force can trace its lineage and traditions back to the Imperial Russian Air Service (1912–1917) and the Soviet Air Forces (1918–1991).
The S-400 Triumf, previously known as the S-300 PMU-3, is a mobile surface-to-air missile (SAM) system developed in the 1990s by Russia's NPO Almaz as an upgrade to the S-300 family of missiles. The S-400 was approved for service on 28 April 2007 and the first battalion of the systems assumed combat duty on 6 August 2007. The system is complemented by its successor, the S-500.
The Order of Lenin Moscow Military District is a military district of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Originally it was a district of the Imperial Russian Army until the Russian Empire's collapse in 1917. It was then part of the Soviet Armed Forces. The district was awarded the Order of Lenin in 1968. In 2010, it was merged with the Leningrad Military District to form the new Western Military District. In December 2022, Defense Minister Sergey Shoigu proposed to reestablish it along with the Leningrad Military District, a decision confirmed in June 2023 by Deputy Chief of the General Staff Yevgeny Burdinsky. The district was formally reconstituted on 26 February 2024 by a Presidential Decree №141, after the Western Military District was split.
Shaykovka air base, also given variously as Kirov Shaykovka, Anisovo Gorod, Anisovo Gorodishche, Shaykovo, Shajkovka, Gorodische, Chaikovka, is an airbase of the Russian Aerospace Forces in Kaluga Oblast, Russia located 17 km north of Kirov, Kaluga Oblast. It is a large airfield with hangars and an extensive alert area for fighters. Appears the runway overrun was being built to extend the runway to 3000 m. In 2000, Tupolev Tu-160, Tupolev Tu-95MS, and Tupolev Tu-22M3 aircraft operated out of this base during a training exercise. The Natural Resources Defense Council listed the base as a nuclear site in a study.
The Western Military District was a military district of Russia, in existence from 2010 until its abolishment as a unitary military command on February 26, 2024, succeeded by the newly reconstituted Moscow Military District and Leningrad Military District.
The Order of Lenin Moscow Air Defence District was a formation of the Soviet Air Defence Forces and the Russian Air Defence Forces, which existed from 1954 to 1998, to fulfill the tasks of anti-aircraft defence of administrative and economic facilities. The district administration was in Moscow.
The Northern Fleet Joint Strategic Command, was a military district of the Russian Armed Forces, with its jurisdiction primarily within the northern region of European Russia and the Arctic Ocean.
The Ukrainian Air Defence Forces were an anti-aircraft military service of Ukraine, active from 1992 to 2004.
The 831st Tactical Aviation Brigade is a formation of the Ukrainian Air Force. Based at Myrhorod Air Base, Poltava Oblast, the unit operates the Sukhoi Su-27 and Aero L-39M1.
The 147th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment is a surface-to-air missile regiment of the Belarusian Air and Air Defense Forces. Stationed at Babruysk, the regiment is equipped with the Osa-AKM short-range, low altitude surface to air missile system to provide air defense for the local air base. Before being reduced to a regiment in 2017, it was the 147th Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade.
The 2022–present bombing of Lviv and the Lviv Oblast began after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The targets are civilian and military, including electricity, railway infrastructure, and an army base. At least 64 civilians were killed.
Air Command East is the military unit of the Ukrainian Air Force located in the eastern part of Ukraine.
The 138th Anti-aircraft Missile Brigade "Dniprovska" is a brigade of the Ukrainian Air Force tasked with air defense operations throughout Zaporizhzhia Oblast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Poltava Oblast, Sumy Oblast, and Kharkiv Oblast. It operates S-300PS, S-300PT and Patriot missile systems and is subordinated to the Air Command East. It is headquartered at Dnipro.
The 201st Anti-aircraft Missile Brigade "Hetman Pylyp Orlyk" is a brigade of the Ukrainian Air Force tasked with air defense operations throughout Mykolaiv Oblast. It operates S-300B1 and S-300PS missile systems and is subordinated to the Air Command South. It is headquartered at Pervomaisk.
The 11th Anti-aircraft Missile Regiment is a regiment of the Ukrainian Air Force tasked with air defense operations throughout Khmelnytskyi Oblast. It operates Buk M1 missile systems and is subordinated to the Air Command West. It is headquartered at Shepetivka.
The 156th Anti-aircraft Missile Regiment is a regiment of the Ukrainian Air Force tasked with air defense operations throughout Cherkasy Oblast. It operates Buk M1 missile systems and is subordinated to the Air Command Center. It is headquartered at Zolotonosha.
The 301st Anti-aircraft Missile Regiment "Nikopolsky" is a regiment of the Ukrainian Air Force tasked with air defense operations throughout Donbass. It operates S-300PS and S-300PT Missile defense systems and is subordinated to the Air Command East. It is headquartered at Nikopol.
The 301st Anti-aircraft Missile Regiment "Kharkiv" is a regiment of the Ukrainian Air Force tasked with air defense operations throughout Kharkiv Oblast. It operates S-300PS and S-300PT Missile defense systems and is subordinated to the Air Command East. It is headquartered at Kharkiv.
The 540th Anti-aircraft Missile Regiment "Lviv Ivan Vyhovsky" is a regiment of the Ukrainian Air Force tasked with air defense operations throughout Lviv Oblast and Volyn Oblast. It operates S-200D and S-300PT Missile defense systems and is subordinated to the Air Command West. It is headquartered at Kamianka-Buzka and Lutsk Air Base.
Ukraine 
Ukrainian Air Force 
Air Command East 