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AJR Refugee Voices Testimony Archive is the oral history collection of The Association of Jewish Refugees (AJR). It contains 300+ oral history video interviews with Jewish survivors of National Socialism living in the United Kingdom.
The archive contains a total of 450 hours of interviews with more than 300 interviewees. The project was commissioned by The Association of Jewish Refugees in 2003 and was founded by Dr Anthony Grenville and Dr Bea Lewkowicz. [1] Today it is run by its director, Dr Bea Lewkowicz. The interviews mainly involved people who had not yet been interviewed or had only rarely been interviewed as part of other projects. The interviews are conducted in English.
Most of the interviewees are themselves members of the AJR. Most of them were born in Germany and Austria, and immigrated to Great Britain during or after the National Socialist era. In addition to life in Nazi Germany and in the countries occupied by Germany, the interviews particularly describe experiences of migration and exile. The interviewees talk about escape attempts and the Kindertransport, separation from family members, arriving in a foreign country and learning a new language, living with memories of home and family, and coping with everyday life in Great Britain during and after the war. The interviews particularly focus on reports about experiences of emigration and integration into British society.
The Archive contains interviews with many prominent refugees and their descendants, including the parents of Daniel Finkelstein, who cited [2] the Archive as a key resource for his book about his family.
The archive is specifically designed for use in education and research. The video interviews are fully transcribed, with the transcriptions being provided with a time code that makes it easy to find the corresponding points in the video recordings and vice versa. In addition, a database contains biographical information on the interviewees, which is structured in 44 different categories, such as place of birth, profession, migration route and concentration camp. There is also a summary for each interview, and still images showing photos of family members, acquaintances and friends as well as other relevant objects and documents.
Photos, interview summaries, biographical information and short clips can be accessed via the project's website. Full unedited access to the video interviews and their transcripts is available via the project's institutional partners. These include Wiener Holocaust Library, Mémorial de la Shoah, German Historical Institute London, Freie Universitaet Berlin and Yad Vashem.
Oral history is the collection and study of historical information from people, families, important events, or everyday life using audiotapes, videotapes, or transcriptions of planned interviews. These interviews are conducted with people who participated in or observed past events and whose memories and perceptions of these are to be preserved as an aural record for future generations. Oral history strives to obtain information from different perspectives and most of these cannot be found in written sources. Oral history also refers to information gathered in this manner and to a written work based on such data, often preserved in archives and large libraries. Knowledge presented by oral history is unique in that it shares the tacit perspective, thoughts, opinions and understanding of the interviewee in its primary form.
The Kindertransport was an organised rescue effort of children from Nazi-controlled territory that took place in 1938–1939 during the nine months prior to the outbreak of the Second World War. The United Kingdom took in nearly 10,000 children, most of them Jewish, from Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Poland, and the Free City of Danzig. The children were placed in British foster homes, hostels, schools, and farms. Often they were the only members of their families who survived the Holocaust. The programme was supported, publicised, and encouraged by the British government, which waived the visa immigration requirements that were not within the ability of the British Jewish community to fulfil. The British government placed no numerical limit on the programme; it was the start of the Second World War that brought it to an end, by which time about 10,000 kindertransport children had been brought to the country.
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TheAssociation of Jewish Refugees (AJR) is the specialist nationwide social and welfare services charity representing and supporting Jewish victims of Nazi oppression, and their dependants and descendants, living in Great Britain.
USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education, formerly Survivors of the Shoah Visual History Foundation, is a nonprofit organization dedicated to making audio-visual interviews with survivors and witnesses of the Holocaust. It was established by Steven Spielberg in 1994, one year after completing his Academy Award-winning film Schindler's List. In January 2006, the foundation partnered with and relocated to the University of Southern California (USC) and was renamed the USC Shoah Foundation – The Institute for Visual History and Education. In March 2019, the institute opened their new global headquarters on USC's campus.
National Life Stories (NLS) is an independent charitable trust and limited company based within the British Library Oral History section, whose key focus and expertise is oral history fieldwork. Since 1987 National Life Stories (NLS) has initiated a series of innovative interviewing projects funded almost entirely from sponsorship, charitable and individual donations.
The Bunce Court School was an independent, private boarding school in the village of Otterden, in Kent, England. It was founded in 1933 by Anna Essinger, who had previously founded a boarding school, Landschulheim Herrlingen in the south of Germany, but after the Nazi Party seized power in 1933, she began to see that the school had no future in Germany. She quietly found a new home for the school and received permission from the parents of her pupils, most of whom were Jewish, to bring them to safety in England. The new school was called New Herrlingen School, but came to be known as Bunce Court. The school closed in 1948. Alumni, who sometimes stayed on at the school even after finishing, were devoted to the school and organized reunions for 55 years. They have referred to its "immense effect" on their lives, as "Shangri-La" and to being there as "walking on holy ground".
Werner van der Zyl was a rabbi in Berlin and in London, where he came in 1939 as a refugee rabbi from Germany. He was the prime mover and first director of studies of the Jewish Theological College of London. The college was inaugurated in 1956 and was renamed Leo Baeck College shortly afterwards at his suggestion.
Kindertransport – The Arrival is an outdoor bronze memorial sculpture by Frank Meisler, located in the forecourt of Liverpool Street station in London, United Kingdom. It commemorates the 10,000 Jewish children who escaped Nazi persecution and arrived at the station during 1938–1939, whose parents were forced to take the decision to send them to safety in the UK. Most of the children never saw their parents again, as their parents were subsequently killed in concentration camps, although some were reunited. The memorial was installed in September 2006, replacing Flor Kent's bronze Für Das Kind, which was installed in 2003. It was commissioned by World Jewish Relief and the Association of Jewish Refugees (AJR).
Gerda Kamilla Mayer was an English poet. Born to a Jewish family in Karlovy Vary, Czechoslovakia, she escaped to England from Prague in 1939, aged eleven, on a Kindertransport flight organised by Trevor Chadwick. Having composed her first poem, in German, at the age of four, she continued her education in Dorset and Surrey and began writing poetry in English. She has published several volumes of verse and her poems have appeared in many anthologies. She has been described by Carol Ann Duffy as a fine poet "who should be better known."
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