Great Awakening refers to a number of periods of religious revival in American Christian history. Historians and theologians identify three, or sometimes four, waves of increased religious enthusiasm between the early 18th century and the late 20th century. Each of these "Great Awakenings" was characterized by widespread revivals led by evangelical Protestant ministers, a sharp increase of interest in religion, a profound sense of conviction and redemption on the part of those affected, an increase in evangelical church membership, and the formation of new religious movements and denominations.
The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival during the early 19th century in the United States. The Second Great Awakening, which spread religion through revivals and emotional preaching, sparked a number of reform movements. Revivals were a key part of the movement and attracted hundreds of converts to new Protestant denominations. The Methodist Church used circuit riders to reach people in frontier locations. The Second Great Awakening led to a period of antebellum social reform and an emphasis on salvation by institutions. The outpouring of religious fervor and revival began in Kentucky and Tennessee in the 1790s and early 1800s among the Presbyterians, Methodists and Baptists.
The First Great Awakening or the Evangelical Revival was a series of Christian revivals that swept Britain and its thirteen North American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s. The revival movement permanently affected Protestantism as adherents strove to renew individual piety and religious devotion. The Great Awakening marked the emergence of Anglo-American evangelicalism as a trans-denominational movement within the Protestant churches. In the United States, the term Great Awakening is most often used, while in the United Kingdom the movement is referred to as the Evangelical Revival.
Jacob Barsimson was one of the earliest Jewish settlers at New Amsterdam, and the earliest identified Jewish settler within the present limits of the state of New York. He was an Ashkenazi Jew of Central European background.
The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians Under Islam is a book by Bat Ye'or. The book was first published in French in 1980, and was titled Le Dhimmi : Profil de l'opprimé en Orient et en Afrique du Nord depuis la conquête Arabe. It was translated into English and published in 1985 under the name The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians Under Islam.
The Stripping of the Altars: Traditional Religion in England, 1400–1580 is a work of history written by Eamon Duffy and published in 1992 by Yale University Press. It received the Longman-History Today Book of the Year Award.
Sydney Eckman Ahlstrom (1919–1984) was an American historian. He was a Yale University professor and a specialist in the religious history of the United States.
Nationalism and Culture is a nonfiction book by German anarcho-syndicalist writer Rudolf Rocker. In this book, he criticizes religion, statism, nationalism, and centralism from an anarchist perspective.
Michael Sean Mahoney was a historian of science.
Benjamin Kline Hunnicutt, Sr., is a historian. He has been a professor at the University of Iowa since 1975.
Errand into the Wilderness is a 1956 intellectual history book about colonial America written by Perry Miller.
The Haymarket Tragedy is a 1984 history book by Paul Avrich about the Haymarket affair and the resulting trial.
The American as Anarchist: Reflections on Indigenous Radicalism is a history book about the role of Protestantism, capitalism, and American geography in developing American libertarian sentiment.
The Communal Experience: Anarchist and Mystical Counter-Cultures in America is a book-length historical and sociological study of cultural radicalism in the United States, written by historian Laurence Veysey and published in 1973 by Harper & Row.
Émile Durkheim: His Life and Work is a 1972 biography of the sociologist Emile Durkheim written by Steven Lukes.
Language and Mind is a 1968 book of three essays on linguistics by Noam Chomsky. An expanded edition in 1972 added three essays and a new preface.
Dale Baum is an American historian and long time professor at Texas A&M University. He researches the political history of the American Civil War and Reconstruction era, Texas history, and quantitative research of historiography. Baum has authored three books, The Civil War Party System (1984), The Shattering of Texas Unionism (1998), and Counterfeit Justice (2009).
We Shall Be All: A History of the Industrial Workers of the World is a 1969 history book about the Industrial Workers of the World by Melvyn Dubofsky.
The Party of Eros: Radical Social Thought and the Realm of Freedom is a book-length contemporaneous intellectual history of the New Left written by Richard King and published by University of North Carolina Press in 1972. It analyzes the intellectual development of figures including Norman O. Brown, Paul Goodman, Herbert Marcuse, Dwight Macdonald, and Wilhelm Reich.
Christopher Read is a British historian of the Soviet Union.
