Seyoum Mesfin Gebredingel was an Ethiopian politician and diplomat. He was Ethiopia's Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1991 until September 2010 and worked as Ethiopia's Ambassador to the People's Republic of China.
The Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) is a political party in Ethiopia, established on 18 February 1975 in Dedebit, northwestern Tigray, according to official records. As a strategy, TPLF used guerilla tactics as it saw those as befitting to a Marxist-Leninist political organization. Within 16 years, it had grown from about a dozen men into the most powerful armed liberation movement in Ethiopia. It led a coalition of movements named the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) from 1989 to 2018. With the help of its former ally, the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), EPRDF overthrew the dictatorship of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (PDRE) and established a new government on 28 May 1991 that ruled Ethiopia until its refusal to merge into the Prosperity Party in 2019.
Abay Tsehaye was an Ethiopian politician who served as Executive Member of the Central Committee of the TPLF from 2001 to 2008. Born in Axum, he attended high school in Mekelle. Abay was a student activist while enrolled in Haile Selassie I University in the early 1970s as a member of the Tigrayan University Students' Association. He was one of the founders of the Tigray People's Liberation Front. Abay was selected to be one of the first TPLF members to be given military training by the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF) and he arrived in Asmara, January 1975. With Meles Zenawi and Sibhat Nega, Abay was one of the founders of the Marxist-Leninist League of Tigray in July, 1985.
Debretsion Gebremichael is an Ethiopian politician who serves as President of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) and as deputy and acting President of the Tigray Region. His party nominally won all 152 contested seats and 98.2% of the votes of the 2020 Tigray regional election, which was held in defiance of the Federal government that had postponed the elections to 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia.
Abiy Ahmed Ali is an Ethiopian politician serving as 4th Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia since 2 April 2018. He was the third chairman of the ruling Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front from the Oromo Democratic Party (ODP), which was one of the four coalition parties of the EPRDF. Abiy is also an elected member of the Ethiopian parliament, and a member of the ODP and EPRDF executive committees.
General elections were supposed to be held in Ethiopia on 29 August 2020 to elect officials to the House of Peoples' Representatives, but were delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Regional and municipal council elections were also planned to be held at the same time around the country. In May the sitting House of Representatives voted to postpone the election until 2021. In late December 2020, the National Election Board of Ethiopia stated that it would take place on 5 June 2021.
On 9 September 2020, the Ethiopian region of Tigray held parliamentary elections. The election was considered illegal by the central government of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, who postponed general elections earlier in the year because of the COVID-19 pandemic. According to the election organisers, Tigray People's Liberation Front won 98.2% of the vote and 100% of the 152 seats that were contested.
The Tigray War is an ongoing armed conflict that began in November 2020 in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, between two sides: the Tigray Regional Government, led by the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF); and forces supporting Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed, including president Isaias Afwerki's Eritrean Forces.
Transitional Government of Tigray is a caretaker administration that was formally declared by the House of Federation of Ethiopia on 7 November 2020, in the context of a conflict between the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF), in power in the Tigray Regional State and the federal government of Ethiopia. As of 28 November 2020, the administration, headed by Mulu Nega, plans public consultation and participation in choosing new leaders at the regional and zonal level and preservation of woreda and kebele administrations.
The Mai Kadra massacre was a series of ethnic cleansing and mass murders carried out on 9–10 November 2020 in the town of Mai Kadra in the Tigray Region of northwestern Ethiopia, near the Sudanese border. Responsibility was attributed to Samri youth loyal to the Tigray People's Liberation Front, in preliminary investigations by Amnesty International (Amnesty) and the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC); and to Amhara militias, in interviews conducted in Sudan by Reuters and the Financial Times and to both Amhara militias and the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) by Associated Press (AP), Vice, Agence France-Presse (AFP) and AfricaNews.
The Mekelle offensive was a military campaign fought between the armed forces of Ethiopia and the Tigray Region to reach the city of Mekelle in the Tigray Region, during the Tigray War.
Getachew Reda was an Ethiopian politician. He was an advisor to the deputy and acting President of the Tigray Region, Debretsion Gebremichael, and he also was an Executive Committee member of the Tigray People's Liberation Front.
This is an account of the military engagements of the Tigray War, an ongoing armed conflict in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia that began in early November 2020.
The 4 November Northern Command attacks were attacks on the Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) Northern Command headquarters in Mekelle and bases in Adigrat, Agula, Dansha, and Sero in the Tigray Region by armed forces of the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) on 4 November 2020 during the Tigray conflict. The 4 November attacks were stated by the federal Ethiopian government to justify the ENDF's military action against the Tigray Region which followed the attacks.
Fetlework Gebregziabher, nom de guerre Monjorino, born 1960/1961, is a senior politician in the Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF). Fetlework was the Ethiopian Minister of Trade and Industry from October 2018 to January 2020.
Events in the year 2021 in Ethiopia.
The Hitsats massacre was a massacre at Hitsats refugee camp on or around 19 November 2020 during the Tigray War. The civilians killed were 300 Eritrean refugees, according to Europe External Programme with Africa (EEPA), and five humanitarian workers, according to The New York Times, Associated Press, and the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
Spillover of the Tigray War is the impact of the Tigray War on other countries, particularly in Sudan. This spillover mainly consists of Ethiopian refugees, of which more than 50,000 have crossed the Ethiopian-Sudanese border. There have also been border clashes, mostly between the Sudanese Armed Forces and Ethiopian militias, but the Sudanese government has also claimed ambushes by the Ethiopian National Defense Force have taken place.
The Hagere Selam massacres were mass extrajudicial killings that took place in and near Hagere Selam in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia during the Tigray War. Eritrean Defence Forces (EDF) killed 60 civilians in Hagere Salem during 4–5 December 2020 and 30 civilians in Addi Qoylo on 14 December.
Ethnic discrimination in Ethiopia happened during the Haile Selassie and Mengistu Haile Mariam epochs against Afars, Tigrayans, Eritreans, Somalis and Oromos. Ethnic federalism was implemented by Tigray People's Liberation Front (TPLF) leader Meles Zenawi and discrimination against Amharas, Oromos and other ethnic groups continued during TPLF rule. Liberalisation of the media after Abiy Ahmed became prime minister in 2018 led to strengthening of media diversity and strengthening of ethnically focussed hate speech. Ethnic profiling targeting Tigrayans occurred during the Tigray War that started in November 2020.
