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Anthony Crawford was an African American man who was killed by a lynch mob in Abbeville, South Carolina on October 21, 1916.
Ell Persons was a black man who was lynched on 22 May 1917, after he was accused of having raped and decapitated a 15-year-old white girl, Antoinette Rappel, in Memphis, Tennessee, United States. He was arrested and was awaiting trial when he was captured by a lynch party, who burned him alive and scattered his remains around town, throwing his head at a group of African Americans. A large crowd attended his lynching, which had the atmosphere of a carnival. No one was charged as a result of the lynching, which was described as one of the most vicious in American history, but it did play a part in the foundation of the Memphis chapter of the NAACP.
After young African-American men volunteered to fight against the Central Powers, during World War I, many of them returned home but instead of being rewarded for their military service, they were subjected to discrimination, racism and lynchings by the citizens and the government. Labor shortages in essential industries caused a massive migration of southern African-Americans to northern cities leading to a wide-spread emergency of segregation in the north and the regeneration of the Ku Klux Klan. For many African-American veterans, as well as the majority of the African-Americans in the United States, the times which followed the war were fraught with challenges similar to those they faced overseas. Discrimination and segregation were at the forefront of everyday life, but most prevalent in schools, public revenues, and housing. Although members of different races who had fought in World War I believed that military service was a price which was worth paying in exchange for equal citizenship, this was not the case for African-Americans. The decades which followed World War I included blatant acts of racism and nationally recognized events which conveyed American society's portrayal of African-Americans as 2nd class citizens. Although the United States had just won The Great War in 1918, the national fight for equal rights was just beginning.
References
- ↑ Library of Congress. "About this Newspaper: The scimitar". Chronicling America. Library of Congress . Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ↑ Dray, Philip (2002). At the Hands of Persons Unknown: The Lynching of Black America . New York City: Modern Library. pp. 227–228. ISBN 978-0-375-75445-6. OCLC 51330092.
- 1 2 3 Hamer, Fritz P. (2007). Forward Together: South Carolinians in the Great War. Charleston: The History Press. pp. 16–17. ISBN 1-59629-244-X. OCLC 85622942.
- ↑ "University of South Carolina library catalog". Abbeville Scimitar. University of South Carolina . Retrieved 2010-03-22.
- 1 2 Spierenburg, Petrus Cornelis (1998). Men and violence: gender, honor, and rituals in modern Europe and America. Columbus: Ohio State University Press. pp. 240–241. ISBN 0-8142-0752-9. OCLC 37432851.
- 1 2 Brundage, William Fitzhugh (1997). Under sentence of death: lynching in the South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. p. 210. ISBN 0-8078-4636-8. OCLC 35008230.
- ↑ Lander, Ernest McPherson (1970). A history of South Carolina, 1865-1960, 2nd edition. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press. p. 57. OCLC 4130456.
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