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The Moro National Liberation Front is a political organization in the Philippines that was founded in 1972. It started as a splinter group of the Muslim Independence Movement. The MNLF was the organization most active in the Moro conflict for about two decades beginning from the 1970s.
Nur Misuari is a Moro Filipino revolutionary and politician,founder and leader of the Moro National Liberation Front.
The Moro conflict was an insurgency in the Mindanao region of the Philippines which involved multiple armed groups. A decades-long peace process has resulted in peace deals between the Philippine government and two major armed groups,the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF),but other smaller armed groups continue to exist. In 2017,the peace council settled around 138 clan conflicts.
YusopJikiri was a Filipino politician,leader within the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and governor (2001–2004) of Sulu Province in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). He also served as a representative from Sulu's 1st District (2007–10) and ran again in 2010,but lost to Tupay Loong. He was the beneficiary of shifting political alliances between the Tan and Loong families. Jikiri served as the Jolo-based chairman for the MNLF from 2017 until his death in 2020 from bone cancer.
The Moro National Liberation Front Executive Council of 15 is a faction of the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) in which the group of 15 leaders forged a unity agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). The agreement was signed in Kuala Lumpur and coincided with the Filipino President's visit. Muslimin Sema is the current chairman of the group. The government of the Philippines recognizes Sema along with Misuari as representatives of the MNLF despite the recognition of Nur Misuari as chairman by the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation,which the MNLF is an observer member to. Supposedly,Sema's group together with Habib Mudjahab Hashim's MNLF Islamic Command Council (ICC),somewhat agreed to reunite with the MNLF under Misuari.
Formal peace negotiations between the Government of the Philippines and the various armed groups involved in the Moro conflict began in 1976 when the Philippine government and the Moro National Liberation Front first met to negotiate towards the 1976 Tripoli Agreement,and most recently reached a major milestone in the ratification of the Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL) through a plebiscite in 2018,leading to the creation of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. However,conflicts with other smaller armed groups continue to exist.
Bangsamoro,officially the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao,is an autonomous region in the Philippines,located in the southwestern portion of the island of Mindanao.
Ahod Balawag Ebrahim,better known as Al Haj Murad Ebrahim,is a Moro Filipino politician and former rebel leader currently serving as the first chief minister of the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.
The Bangsamoro Republik,officially the United Federated States of Bangsamoro Republik (UFSBR),was a short-lived,self-proclaimed,unrecognized breakaway state in the Philippines. Nur Misuari,chairman of the Moro National Liberation Front,issued the Proclamation of Bangsamoro Independence on July 27,2013 in Talipao,Sulu and declared the capital of Bangsamoro to be Davao City.
The Bangsamoro are a majority-Muslim ethnic group occupying a range of territories across the southern portions of the Republic of the Philippines. On three occasions,a short-lived and unrecognized Bangsamoro state independent of the Philippines has been formally declared by the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). The first declaration was issued in 1974,amid the Moro conflict. Bangsamoro Land would be declared in 2012. In 2013,the United Federated States of Bangsamoro Republik was declared.
The Bangsamoro Parliament is the legislature of Bangsamoro,an autonomous region of the Philippines. It is currently led by the Bangsamoro Transition Authority,an interim regional governing body. The inaugural session of the parliament took place on March 29,2019,while its first regular session is projected to take place in 2025.
The 1976 Tripoli Agreement was signed on December 23,1976,in Tripoli,Libya by Carmelo Z. Barbero,representing the Government of the Philippines and Nur Misuari of the Moro National Liberation Front. The agreement defined autonomous administrative divisions for Muslims in the southern Philippines,the establishment of an autonomous government,judicial system for Sharia law and special security forces,and the observance of a ceasefire. The autonomous region was to have its own economic system,including an Islamic bank.
The Jeddah Accord was signed on January 3–4,1987 in Jeddah,Saudi Arabia by Aquilino Pimentel Jr.,representing the Government of the Philippines and Nur Misuari of the Moro National Liberation Front. The two panels agreed upon the continued discussion of the proposal of the grant of full autonomy to Mindanao,Basilan,Sulu,Tawi-Tawi and Palawan subject to democratic processes.
The 1996 Final Peace Agreement,also called the Jakarta Accord was signed on September 2,1996,in Manila,Philippines by Manuel Yan,representing the Government of the Philippines and Nur Misuari of the Moro National Liberation Front. The culmination of four years of peace talks,the agreement established mechanisms designed to bring about the full implementation of the 1976 Tripoli Agreement.
Abdul Raji Sahrin,also known as Hassan Jawali,was a Moro revolutionary and politician. He was a member of the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF) and the Interim Bangsamoro Parliament. He was also the Deputy Chief Minister of Bangsamoro for the Islands.
The 2025 Bangsamoro Parliament election is scheduled to take place in the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (BARMM) on May 12 under the Bangsamoro Organic Law,the charter of the autonomous region of the Philippines.
Nurredha Ibrahim Misuari is a Moro Filipino who is a member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament.
Abdullah Biston Hashim is a Moro Filipino who is a member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament.
Albakil "Thong" Dasani Jikiri is a Moro Filipino who is a member of the Bangsamoro Transition Authority Parliament and the Deputy Chief Minister of Bangsamoro for the Islands.
The 2nd Bangsamoro Transition Authority (BTA) Parliament is the second interim Bangsamoro Parliament,the legislature of the transitional regional government of Bangsamoro.
References
- 1 2 3 Arguillas, Carolyn (September 3, 2022). "Children of the Bangsamoro Revolution: their battlefield is Parliament (1)". MindaNews. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
- ↑ Aning, Jerome (February 9, 2013). "Misuari to Abu Sayyaf: Enough, we cannot tolerate you forever". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
- ↑ "New BTA unites former warring MILF, MNLF rebels". Philippine News Agency. August 14, 2022. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
- ↑ "'Happy surprise.' Marcos appoints members of interim Bangsamoro parliament". Philippine Center for Investigative Journalism. August 13, 2022. Retrieved September 4, 2022.