Sultan Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah | |
---|---|
Sultan of Johor | |
Reign | 1615–1623 |
Predecessor | Alauddin Riayat Shah III |
Successor | Abdul Jalil Shah III |
House | Melaka |
Father | Raja Ali bin Abdul Jalil |
Religion | Sunni Islam |
Sultan Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah was Sultan of Johor from 1615 to 1623. Before he became sultan of Johor, Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah was also known as Raja Bongsu, Raja Seberang or Raja di Hilir. Kota Seberang was described as the personal "fiefdom" of Raja Bongsu by Admiral Cornelis Matelief de Jonge. He controlled the settlement which was located almost straight across the Johor River from the royal administrative center and capital Batu Sawar. He is also said to have controlled areas around the Sambas River on the island of Borneo. [1]
According to the testimony of Dutch Admiral Cornelis Matelief de Jonge, Raja Bongsu was one of four surviving sons of Raja Ali bin Abdul Jalil (alias Raja Omar) of Johor. The other remaining male siblings and half-siblings were described by Admiral Matelief as Raja Siak, Raja Laut, and Alauddin Riayat Shah III. [2] The latter ruled as the sixth sultan of Johor between the death of his father Raja Ali Jalla in 1597 and the Acehnese attack on Johor in 1613.
In 1613, Raja Bongsu was one of the prisoners taken back to Aceh after the invasion of Johor by Sultan Iskandar Muda. He was married to one of Iskandar's sisters, and returned to Johor as the new sultan. Raja Bongsu was subsequently enthroned as Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah of Johor. His half-brother Alauddin Riayat Shah III who had fallen from power at the time of Iskandar Muda's offensive on Johor in 1613 had fled to Lingga and probably died there in or around 1615.
In 1618, Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah moved to Lingga and gained the support of Orang Laut and the Dutch to wage a war against Aceh. He later divorced his wife who was also a sister of Iskandar Muda, a move that further angered the sultan. He spent most of his reign as a wanderer, pursued from town to town and island to island by the Acehnese. He died in the Tambelan Archipelago in March 1623.[ citation needed ]
In 1621, Abdullah Ma'ayat Shah had a son with a Jambian princess, Raja Ibrahim. [3] After Abdullah's death in 1623, she returned to Jambi with her son. Abdul Jalil Shah was then put on the throne of Jambi by the Laksamana, but only under the condition that Raja Ibrahim succeed him when he reached his majority. Although this was not carried out, as compensation, Abdul Jalil Shah gave Raja Ibrahim the title of Raja Muda, or "heir-apparent". [3]
In 1603 Raja Bongsu was instrumental in forging early diplomatic relations with the Dutch by lending assistance to Admiral Jacob van Heemskerck on 25 February 1603 in attacking and plundering the Portuguese carrack Santa Catarina, in the Johor River estuary off present-day Singapore. [4] He was also responsible for sending one of the first diplomatic missions of a Malay ruler to the Dutch Republic in the same year. Headed by Megat Mansur, the Johor embassy sailed to Europe on the ships of Admiral van Heemskerck in 1603. Megat Mansur did not survive the voyage, but other members of the Johor embassy did and returned with the fleet under the command of Admiral Cornelis Matelief de Jonge in 1606. [5] In that year, Raja Bongsu formally ratified two treaties with the Dutch (dated 17 May and 23 September 1606) and signed himself as the co-ruler of Johor. [6] He also lent active assistance to Admiral Matelief during his seaborne attack on Portuguese Malacca on or around May 1606.
In early 1609 Raja Bongsu received Dutch Admiral Pieter Willemsz. Verhoeff at Batu Sawar. On this occasion Johann Verken, one of the German officers serving in Verhoeff's fleet, described the physical appearance of Raja Bongsu. He wrote that the Raja was "a young man in his 30s. In his appearance and body a well-proportioned person, rather tall, articulate, and fair-skinned both on his body and on his face". [7]
After the Portuguese had imposed an economically crippling blockade on the Johor River for much of 1609, Raja Bongsu was forced (through the machinations of his half-brother Raja Siak) to sign a peace treaty with the Portuguese Malacca in October 1610.
The Johor Sultanate was founded by Sultan of Malacca Mahmud Shah's son, Alauddin Riayat Shah II in 1528.
Cornelis Matelief de Jonge was a Dutch admiral who was active in establishing Dutch power in Southeast Asia during the beginning of the 17th century. His fleet was officially on a trading mission, but its true intent was to destroy Portuguese power in the area. The fleet had 1400 men on board, including 600 soldiers. Matelieff did not succeed in this. The Dutch would ultimately gain control of Malacca more than thirty years later, again joining forces with the Sultanate of Johor, and a new ally Aceh, in 1641. He was born and died in Rotterdam.
Santa Catarina was a Portuguese merchant ship, a 1500-ton carrack, that was seized by the Dutch East India Company on 25 February 1603 off Singapore. She was such a rich prize that her sale proceeds increased the capital of the VOC by more than 50%. From the large amounts of Ming Chinese porcelain captured in this ship, Chinese pottery became known in Holland as Kraakporselein, or "carrack-porcelain" for many years.
Tanjung Tuan is an area in Alor Gajah District, Malacca, Malaysia. It is a semi-exclave of Malacca adjacent to Port Dickson, Negeri Sembilan.
Johor Lama is a mukim in Kota Tinggi District, Johor, Malaysia. It is situated on the banks of Johor River. It was once a thriving port and the old capital of the Johor Sultanate.
Laksamana TunAbdul Jamil Paduka Raja was a Malay warrior of the Johor Sultanate. He played a major role in trying to wrest Malacca from Portuguese control.
The Battle of Cape Rachado, off Cape Rachado in 1606, was an important naval engagement between the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and Portuguese Navy.
Martim Afonso de Castro was a Portuguese Viceroy of India. He commanded the Portuguese Navy in the Battle of Cape Rachado and fought over the present day Malaccan exclave of Tanjung Tuan in 1606.
Iskandar Muda was the twelfth Sultan of Acèh Darussalam, under whom the sultanate achieved its greatest territorial extent, holding sway as the strongest power and wealthiest state in the western Indonesian archipelago and the Strait of Malacca. "Iskandar Muda" literally means "young Alexander," and his conquests were often compared to those of Alexander the Great. In addition to his notable conquests, during his reign, Aceh became known as an international centre of Islamic learning and trade. He was the last Sultan of Aceh who was a direct lineal male descendant of Ali Mughayat Syah, the founder of the Aceh Sultanate. Iskandar Muda's death meant that the founding dynasty of the Aceh Sultanate, the House of Meukuta Alam died out and was replaced by another dynasty.
Tun Muhammad bin Tun Ahmad, better known as Tun Sri Lanang, was the Bendahara of the royal court of the Johor Sultanate who lived between the 16th and 17th centuries. He served under two sultans of Johor, namely; Sultan Ali Jalla Abdul Jalil Shah II (1570–1597) and Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah III (1597–1615) and also advisers to three rulers of the Aceh Sultanate namely; Sultan Iskandar Muda, Sultan Iskandar Thani (1636–1641) and Sultana Tajul Alam Safiatuddin Shah (1641–1675). He had two honorific titles throughout his lifetime; as the Bendahara of Johor, Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Mohamad, while he was given the title of Orang Kaya Dato' Bendahara Seri Paduka Tun Seberang after settling in Aceh.
Ekathotsarot or Sanphet III ; 1560 – 1610/11) was the King of Ayutthaya from 1605 to 1610/11 and overlord of Lan Na from 1605 to 1608/09, succeeding his brother Naresuan. His reign was mostly peaceful as Siam was a powerful state through the conquests of Naresuan. It was also during his reign that foreigners of various origin began to fill the mercenary corps. In particular, the king had a regiment of professional Japanese guards under the command of Yamada Nagamasa.
Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah III was the Sultan of Johor and reigned from 1597 to 1615. He resided at the new capital of Johor at Batu Sawar, but later moved his administration to Pasir Raja around 1609. In 1612, at the instigation of his co-ruler and half-brother Abdullah, and Bendahara Tun Sri Lanang oversaw the editorial and compilation process of the Malay Annals, one of the most important Malay literary works.
Fort Oranje is a 17th century Dutch fort on the island of Ternate in Indonesia.
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The Pahang Sultanate also referred as the Old Pahang Sultanate, as opposed to the modern Pahang Sultanate, was a Malay Muslim state established in the eastern Malay Peninsula in the 15th century. At the height of its influence, the sultanate was an important power in Southeast Asia and controlled the entire Pahang basin, bordering the Pattani Sultanate to the north and the Johor Sultanate to the south. To the west, its jurisdiction extended over parts of modern-day Selangor and Negeri Sembilan.
The Acehnese launched their invasion of Johor between 1613 and 1615 to subjugate and vassalize the Johor Sultanate, as part of the Acehenese expansion in the Malay peninsula under Iskandar Muda reign.
The Conquest of Perak was a military invasion launched by the Acehnese Sultanate to capture the port of Perak from its Sultan Mukaddam Shah of Perak, the attack was successful and its sultan was captured.
The Battle of Formoso River of 1615 was an naval battle that took place in the Malay Peninsula in the Formoso River, between a Portuguese fleet and a large fleet of the Sultanate of Aceh, one of the largest Aceh had ever mobilized against the Portuguese in Malacca.
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