In political science,a revolution is a rapid,fundamental transformation of a society's class,state,ethnic or religious structures. According to sociologist Jack Goldstone,all revolutions contain "a common set of elements at their core:(a) efforts to change the political regime that draw on a competing vision of a just order,(b) a notable degree of informal or formal mass mobilization,and (c) efforts to force change through noninstitutionalized actions such as mass demonstrations,protests,strikes,or violence."
Eric Eustace Williams was a Trinidad and Tobago politician. He has been described as the "Father of the Nation",having led the then-British Colony of Trinidad and Tobago to majority rule on 28 October 1956,to independence on 31 August 1962,and republic status on 1 August 1976,leading an unbroken string of general elections victories with his political party,the People's National Movement,until his death in 1981. He was the first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago and also a Caribbean historian,most noted for his book entitled Capitalism and Slavery.
Michael Norman Manley was a Jamaican politician who served as the fourth prime minister of Jamaica from 1972 to 1980 and from 1989 to 1992. Manley championed a democratic socialist program,and has been described as a populist. He remains one of Jamaica's most popular prime ministers.
Decolonization is the undoing of colonialism,the latter being the process whereby imperial nations establish and dominate foreign territories,often overseas. The meanings and applications of the term are disputed. Some scholars of decolonization focus especially on independence movements in the colonies and the collapse of global colonial empires.
The Tigray People's Liberation Front,also known as the Tigrayan People's Liberation Front,is a left-wing ethnic nationalist,paramilitary group,and the former ruling party of Ethiopia. It was classified as a terrorist organization by the Ethiopian government during the Tigray War until its removal from the list in 2023. In older and less formal texts and speech it is known as Woyane or Weyané.
The New International Economic Order (NIEO) is a set of proposals advocated by developing countries to end economic colonialism and dependency through a new interdependent economy. The main NIEO document recognized that the current international economic order "was established at a time when most of the developing countries did not even exist as independent states and which perpetuates inequality." In the spirit of "trade not aid," the NIEO called for changes in trade,industrialization,agricultural production,finance,and transfer of technology. The United Nations General Assembly adopted the "Declaration for the Establishment of a New International Economic Order" and its accompanying program of action on 1 May 1974.
The Union of African States,sometimes called the Ghana–Guinea–Mali Union,was a short-lived and loose regional organization formed in 1958 linking the West African nations of Ghana and Guinea as the Union of Independent African States. Mali joined in 1961. It disbanded in 1963.
Wilsonianism,or Wilsonian idealism,is a certain type of foreign policy advice. The term comes from the ideas and proposals of United States President Woodrow Wilson. He issued his famous Fourteen Points in January 1918 as a basis for ending World War I and promoting world peace. He was a leading advocate of the League of Nations to enable the international community to avoid wars and end hostile aggression. Wilsonianism is a form of liberal internationalism.
The Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples,also known as the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1514,was a resolution of the United Nations General Assembly during its fifteenth session,that affirmed independence for countries and peoples under colonial rule.
The ASA Best Book Prize,formerly known as the Herskovits Prize,is an annual prize given by the African Studies Association to the best scholarly work on Africa published in English in the previous year and distributed in the United States. The prize was named after Melville Herskovits,one of the founders of the ASA. The title of the prize was changed in 2019 in response to efforts to decolonize African studies.
Sir Kenneth Clinton Wheare,was an Australian academic,who spent most of his career at Oxford University in England. He was an expert on the constitutions of the British Commonwealth. He advised constitutional assemblies in former British colonies.
Getachew Kassa was an Ethiopian singer and percussionist. He was famous at the height of 1960s and 1970s after hiring to the country's famous clubs,the Sombrino and Axum Hall,which made him eligible to professional skills.
Faramerz Noshir Dabhoiwala is a historian and senior research scholar at Princeton University where he teaches and writes about the social history,cultural history,and intellectual history of the English-speaking world,from the Middle Ages to the present day.
The Oxford History of Early Modern Europe comprises a series of self-contained monographs,usually addressing an individual country or theme.
Decolonization in Latino culture refers to contemporary treatment of and work with past colonialist and imperialist influences on Latin American society in the US.
Getachew Reda Kahsay is an Ethiopian politician who is the Chief Administrator of the Interim Regional Administration of Tigray since the Office of the Prime Minister of Ethiopia announced his appointment on 23 March 2023. Before assuming power as chief administrator,he was a longtime advisor to the former president of the Tigray Region,Debretsion Gebremichael.
Jessica L.P. Weeks is an American political scientist. She is Professor and H. Douglas Weaver Chair in Diplomacy and International Relations in the Department of Political Science at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Hendrik Spruyt is a Dutch-American political scientist. He is the Emeritus Norman Dwight Harris Professor of International Relations at Northwestern University. He is known for his research on state formation and sovereignty. Spruyt has advanced arguments for the emergence of the modern state that emphasize institutionalist aspects.
The Howard School of International Relations is a school of academic thought originating at Howard University in the decades between the 1920s and 1950s. Articulated by scholars such as Merze Tate,Ralph Bunche,Alain Locke,E. Franklin Frazier,Rayford Logan,and Eric Williams,the Howard School emphasized race and empire in the study of international relations. These scholars posed a sustained critique of dominant international relations theories such as racial hierarchy,which vindicated the Jim Crow era in the U.S. as well as the practice of colonialism in the world through the 1960s.
Worldmaking After Empire:The Rise and Fall of Self-Determination is a 2019 non-fiction book about decolonization by Adom Getachew.
