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Adrianus Cyriacus Bleijs (29 March 1842, Hoorn - 12 January 1912, Kerkdriel) also known as A.C. Bleijs or, incorrectly, as A.C. Bleys, was a Dutch architect and painter who is primarily known for designing several Catholic churches.
Bleijs was born in Hoorn as the son of Johannes and Johanna Krijgsman Bleijs. His father was a master carpenter who built several houses in that town. Bleijs was trained in architectural skills by architect B. Blanken and engineer H. Linse. In November 1859 he moved to Roermond to join P.J.H. Cuypers’ firm. [1]
After a conflict with Cuypers in 1861, for which he refused to apologize, he was forced to leave Cuypers’ firm, although Bleijs later denied this was the reason for his departure. Cuypers was a great proponent of the neo-Gothic, while Bleijs was interested in a variety of styles. [2]
He went to Antwerp to pursue his further education at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, where in 1862 he was the first winner of the Premier Prix d'Excellence for architecture and where he graduated in 1864. After graduation he returned to Hoorn and started his own office. In 1867 he married Bregitta Maria Witte; they had twelve children. In the early years, he received few assignments, but after 1870 the number of commissions increased. These were of a very diverse nature: he designed houses, warehouses, factories, residential and commercial buildings, churches, schools, asylums, cemeteries, a concert and theater hall, etc. Bleijs developed into the expert in the field of shop architecture. From 1876 to 1880 he served as a regent for a Roman Catholic orphanage in Hoorn. [2]
In 1880 he moved to Amsterdam, where he became a board member of the architects' association in 1887. He also became a board member of 'Arti et Amicitiae ', an association of visual artists and art lovers, and served on the Amsterdam city council. [2]
After ca. 1900 no further assignments came, and he was grieving the loss of his son Alexander, who he had intended to succeed him. In 1903 Bleijs closed his office and became a civil servant in 's-Hertogenbosch. He was an inspector for public health, in charge of compliance with the legal provisions regarding public housing in North Brabant, Gelderland and Limburg.
He died in Kerkdriel and after a funeral mass at the St. Nicholas Church in Amsterdam. He was buried at the Catholic cemetery De Liefde. [1]
For a Catholic architect of that period, Bleijs was unusually eclectic. He did not limit himself to the dominant neo-Gothic style but designed several churches in neo-Romanesque and neo-Renaissance style as well, despite the latter style being controversial in Catholic circles for its supposedly Protestant character. He also designed several neoclassical villas, and mansions in second-Empire style, a style that was in vogue during his student years in Antwerp. Sometimes he drew several designs in different styles for an assignment, from which the client could choose. Other times he combined elements from various style periods in one design (eclectic style).
Besides fourteen churches he designed, among other things, two Amsterdam hospitals. His best known work is the St. Nicolas Church in Amsterdam. Among his students were such notable architects as Willem Kromhout and Jan Stuyt. [1]
Sir Giles Gilbert Scott was a British architect known for his work on the New Bodleian Library, Cambridge University Library, Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, Battersea Power Station, Liverpool Cathedral, and designing the iconic red telephone box.
The Cathedral of Saint Bavo is a cathedral in Haarlem, the Netherlands, built by Joseph Cuypers from 1895 to 1930 to replace the former waterstaatskerk in the Jansstraat called the St. Joseph. That church was itself a replacement for the Sint-Bavokerk, that had been converted to Protestantism from Catholicism in 1578. The Cathedral of Saint Bavo now serves as the main cathedral for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Haarlem-Amsterdam. Within the cathedral, the former sacristy has been converted into a small museum (schatkamer) containing historical artefacts from Haarlem's Catholic past.
Petrus Josephus Hubertus "Pierre" Cuypers was a Dutch architect. His name is most frequently associated with the Amsterdam Central Station (1881–1889) and the Rijksmuseum (1876–1885), both in Amsterdam. More representative for his oeuvre, however, are numerous churches, of which he designed more than 100. Moreover, he restored many monuments.
Romanesque Revival is a style of building employed beginning in the mid-19th century inspired by the 11th- and 12th-century Romanesque architecture. Unlike the historic Romanesque style, Romanesque Revival buildings tended to feature more simplified arches and windows than their historic counterparts.
Louis Delacenserie (1838–1909) was a Belgian architect from Bruges. The spelling of his name differs greatly; De la Censerie, Delasencerie, Dela Censerie or Dela Sencerie are the most common alternative forms. His father was a merchant and building contractor from Tournai.
Jan Stuyt was a Dutch architect.
Eduard Cuypers was a Dutch architect. He worked in Amsterdam and the Dutch East Indies.
De Duif is a church on the Prinsengracht in Amsterdam. At present – after the recent restoration by Stadsherstel Amsterdam – it is rented out for all kinds of events.
The Basilica of Saint Nicholas is located in the Old Centre district of Amsterdam, Netherlands, very close to Amsterdam's main railway station. St, Nicholas is the patron saint of both the church and the city of Amsterdam. The basilica is the city's primary Roman Catholic church.
Tilman-François Suys or Tieleman Frans Suys was a Belgian architect who also worked in the Netherlands.
Jean-Baptiste Bethune was a Belgian architect, artisan and designer who played a pivotal role in the Belgian and Catholic Gothic Revival movement. He was called by some the "Pugin of Belgium", with reference to the influence on Bethune of the English Gothic Revival architect and designer, Augustus Pugin.
Traditionalist architecture is an architectural movement in Europe since the beginning of the 20th century in the Netherlands, Scandinavia, Germany et al. In the Netherlands Traditionalism was a reaction to the Neo Gothic and Neo-Renaissance styles by Pierre Cuypers. One of the first influential buildings of Traditionalism was the Beurs van Berlage in Amsterdam, finished in 1903. Since the 1920s Traditionalist architecture has been a parallel movement to Modern architecture.
Sint Willibrordus is a village in Bandabou on the western half of Curaçao, northwest of the Bullen Bay and about 25 km from the capital Willemstad. The village has been called this since the dedication of the church in 1888; until then, the town of Buitenbosch or as called in the Papiaments 'Mondi Afó' was called. The village of several hundred inhabitants has an imposing Roman Catholic church in neo-Gothic style, designed by the Rotterdam architect Evert Margry, for which the first stone was laid by Vincentius Jansen and was built from 1884 to 1888. Earlier in the nineteenth century, a school and an orphanage had been built by mission patrons.
Neoclassical architecture appeared in Belgium during the period of Austrian occupation in the mid-18th century and enjoyed considerable longevity in the country, surviving through periods of French and Dutch occupation, and the birth of Independent Belgium, surviving well into the 20th century.
Franciscus Adrianus "Frank" Ludewig was a Dutch architect who lived and worked mostly in the United States. He is primarily known for his church architecture. Two of the buildings which he designed are on the National Register of Historic Places.
The St. Joseph Cathedral is the cathedral of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Groningen-Leeuwarden in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands.
Johannes Hermandus Julius (Johan) Kayser was a Dutch architect, who was primarily engaged with the construction of churches. Apart from this he also designed schools and abbeys and oversaw many restoration projects. In the 1860s he worked together with P.J.H. Cuypers, for whom he functioned as supervisor during the restoration of the Sint-Servaaskerk in Maastricht.
St Willibrordus is a basilica located in the center of the fortress city of Hulst in the east of Zeelandic Flanders, the Netherlands. The church is dedicated to the missionary St. Willibrord, often called the apostle of the Benelux countries. Although the nave dates from the 13th to 15th centuries, the central tower was destroyed several times, most recently in the Second World War. The current tower's modern appearance dates from the 1950s. The church contains the painting The Good Samaritan by Jan Baptist Maes (1794–1856) from Ghent. The scenes of the Way of the Cross were painted by Jan Jozef Deloose (1769–1849) from Sint-Niklaas. The frames are by the Ghent sculptor P. Pauwels.
Josephus Theodorus Joannes Cuypers was a Dutch architect; primarily known for his Catholic churches.
The Obrechtkerk is the common name for the Roman Catholic church located on the Jacob Obrechtstraat, nearby the Vondelpark in Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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