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A simulation is an imitative representation of a process or system that could exist in the real world. In this broad sense, simulation can often be used interchangeably with model. Sometimes a clear distinction between the two terms is made, in which simulations require the use of models; the model represents the key characteristics or behaviors of the selected system or process, whereas the simulation represents the evolution of the model over time. Another way to distinguish between the terms is to define simulation as experimentation with the help of a model. This definition includes time-independent simulations. Often, computers are used to execute the simulation.
Training is teaching, or developing in oneself or others, any skills and knowledge or fitness that relate to specific useful competencies. Training has specific goals of improving one's capability, capacity, productivity and performance. It forms the core of apprenticeships and provides the backbone of content at institutes of technology. In addition to the basic training required for a trade, occupation or profession, training may continue beyond initial competence to maintain, upgrade and update skills throughout working life. People within some professions and occupations may refer to this sort of training as professional development. Training also refers to the development of physical fitness related to a specific competence, such as sport, martial arts, military applications and some other occupations.
Crowd simulation is the process of simulating the movement of a large number of entities or characters. It is commonly used to create virtual scenes for visual media like films and video games, and is also used in crisis training, architecture and urban planning, and evacuation simulation.
Driving simulators are used for entertainment as well as in training of driver's education courses taught in educational institutions and private businesses. They are also used for research purposes in the area of human factors and medical research, to monitor driver behavior, performance, and attention and in the car industry to design and evaluate new vehicles or new advanced driver assistance systems.
De-escalation refers to the methods and actions taken to decrease the severity of a conflict, whether of physical, verbal or another nature. It is the opposite of escalation. De-escalation may also refer to approaches in conflict resolution, by which specific measures are taken to avoid behaviours that escalate conflict. De-escalation can be modelled with game theory.
Roleplay simulation is an experiential learning method in which either amateur or professional roleplayers improvise with learners as part of a simulated scenario. Roleplay is designed primarily to build first-person experience in a safe and supportive environment. Roleplay is widely acknowledged as a powerful technique across multiple avenues of training and education.
SIMNET was a wide area network with vehicle simulators and displays for real-time distributed combat simulation: tanks, helicopters and airplanes in a virtual battlefield. SIMNET was developed for and used by the United States military. SIMNET development began in the mid-1980s, was fielded starting in 1987, and was used for training until successor programs came online well into the 1990s.
A mining simulator is a type of simulation used for entertainment as well as in training purposes for mining companies. These simulators replicate elements of real-world mining operations on surrounding screens displaying three-dimensional imagery, motion platforms, and scale models of typical and atypical mining environments and machinery. The results of the simulations can provide useful information in the form of greater competence in on-site safety, which can lead to greater efficiency and decreased risk of accidents.
BMT Group Ltd, established in 1985, is an international multidisciplinary engineering, science and technology consultancy offering services particularly in the defence, security, critical infrastructure, commercial shipping, and environment sectors. The company's heritage dates to World War II. BMT's head office is at the Zig Zag Building, 70 Victoria Street Westminster, London, United Kingdom.
A serious game or applied game is a game designed for a primary purpose other than pure entertainment. The "serious" adjective is generally prepended to refer to video games used by industries like defense, education, scientific exploration, health care, emergency management, city planning, engineering, politics and art. Serious games are a subgenre of serious storytelling, where storytelling is applied "outside the context of entertainment, where the narration progresses as a sequence of patterns impressive in quality ... and is part of a thoughtful progress". The idea shares aspects with simulation generally, including flight simulation and medical simulation, but explicitly emphasizes the added pedagogical value of fun and competition.
Medical simulation, or more broadly, healthcare simulation, is a branch of simulation related to education and training in medical fields of various industries. Simulations can be held in the classroom, in situational environments, or in spaces built specifically for simulation practice. It can involve simulated human patients, educational documents with detailed simulated animations, casualty assessment in homeland security and military situations, emergency response, and support for virtual health functions with holographic simulation. In the past, its main purpose was to train medical professionals to reduce errors during surgery, prescription, crisis interventions, and general practice. Combined with methods in debriefing, it is now also used to train students in anatomy, physiology, and communication during their schooling.
An instructional simulation, also called an educational simulation, is a simulation of some type of reality but which also includes instructional elements that help a learner explore, navigate or obtain more information about that system or environment that cannot generally be acquired from mere experimentation. Instructional simulations are typically goal oriented and focus learners on specific facts, concepts, or applications of the system or environment. Today, most universities make lifelong learning possible by offering a virtual learning environment (VLE). Not only can users access learning at different times in their lives, but they can also immerse themselves in learning without physically moving to a learning facility, or interact face to face with an instructor in real time. Such VLEs vary widely in interactivity and scope. For example, there are virtual classes, virtual labs, virtual programs, virtual library, virtual training, etc. Researchers have classified VLE in 4 types:
Emergency management software is the software used by local, state and federal emergency management personnel to deal with a wide range of disasters and can take many forms. For example, training software such as simulators are often used to help prepare first responders, word processors can keep form templates handy for printing and analytical software can be used to perform post-hoc examinations of the data captured during an incident. All of these systems are interrelated, as the results of an after-incident analysis can then be used to program training software to better prepare for a similar situation in the future. Crisis Information Management Software (CIMS) is the software found in emergency management operation centers (EOC) that supports the management of crisis information and the corresponding response by public safety agencies.
Flame-Sim is a fire department training simulation software package that is targeted toward fire departments to assist their training efforts for fire ground operations. This training is generally focused on the reinforcement of both the department specific and National Fire Protection Association standard operating procedures and guidelines for improving tactical decisions during a real structure fire. In general terms, the software is a computer-based training tool for handling communication and activity on a fire ground.
Rescue 1122 is an emergency service that serves almost all regions of Pakistan including Punjab, KPK, Balochistan, Sindh, Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir. The service is accessible by dialing 1122 from any phone within Pakistan.
Astronaut training describes the complex process of preparing astronauts in regions around the world for their space missions before, during and after the flight, which includes medical tests, physical training, extra-vehicular activity (EVA) training, wilderness survival training, water survival training, robotics training, procedure training, rehabilitation process, as well as training on experiments they will accomplish during their stay in space.
MSR – The Israel Center for Medical Simulation is Israel's national institute for simulation-based medical education (SBME) and patient safety training. It is located at the Chaim Sheba Medical Center in the Tel HaShomer neighborhood of Ramat Gan, in the Tel Aviv District. MSR is internationally recognized as leader in patient safety simulation-based training.
Virtual reality (VR) is a computer application which allows users to experience immersive, three dimensional visual and audio simulations. According to Pinho (2004), virtual reality is characterized by immersion in the 3D world, interaction with virtual objects, and involvement in exploring the virtual environment. The feasibility of the virtual reality in education has been debated due to several obstacles such as affordability of VR software and hardware. The psychological effects of virtual reality are also a negative consideration. However, recent technological progress has made VR more viable and promise new learning models and styles for students. These facets of virtual reality have found applications within the primary education sphere in enhancing student learning, increasing engagement, and creating new opportunities for addressing learning preferences.
There are many applications of virtual reality (VR). Applications have been developed in a variety of domains, such as architectural and urban design, industrial designs, restorative nature experiences, healthcare and clinical therapies, digital marketing and activism, education and training, engineering and robotics, entertainment, virtual communities, fine arts, heritage and archaeology, occupational safety, as well as social science and psychology.
FAAC Incorporated is an American immersive simulation training company. They began as a military contractor, providing flight and weapons simulation systems to the U.S. Air Force, but have since branched out into transit and transportation simulation, law enforcement, Fire/EMS, research, and human-interaction simulation.
References
- 1 2 3 Louka, Michael; Claudio Balducelli (2001). "Virtual Reality Tools for Emergency Operation Support and Training" (PDF). Proceedings of TIEMS (The International Emergency Management Society). Retrieved 2010-09-15.
- ↑ "Virtual Preparation for ARFF Emerfgencies". Industrial Fire Journal. 2008-10-01. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
ADMS was initially developed in response to the Manchester airport disaster in 1985 in which 55 people died.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ↑ Adams, Shawn J. (December 2000). "Improving Safety Instruction and Results: Five Principles of Sound Training" (PDF). American Society of Safety Engineers: 40–41. Retrieved 2010-09-16.[ permanent dead link ]
- ↑ Jarventaus, Jenni (2007). "Virtual Threat, Real Sweat". American Society for Training and Development (ASTD). Archived from the original on 14 August 2010. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
- 1 2 3 Erich, John (2009-08-01). "Virtually Real". EMS Magazine. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
- ↑ Clyburn, Conrad (2008-10-30). "BioDefense:ADMS:Advanced Disaster Management Simulator". MedTech IQ. Clymer Group. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
- 1 2 "Shoot the Lance Safely". Industrial Fire Journal. 2009-06-10. Archived from the original on 2011-07-11. Retrieved 2010-09-16.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ↑ Kobes, Margrethe; Ira Helsloot; Burke de Vries; Jos Post (2010). "Exit choice, (pre-)movement time and (pre-) evacuation behavior in hotel fire evacuation – Behavioral analysis and validation of the use of serious gaming in experimental research". Procedia Engineering. 3: 37–51. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2010.07.006 .
The relative-validation analysis revealed that the use of ADMS-BART can be considered valid as a research tool for research on wayfinding performance.
- ↑ "STOC II List of Awardees" (PDF). U.S. Army PEO STRI – Business Opportunities Portal. 2010-05-07. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
- ↑ Croft, John (2005-07-01). "Taking the Oops Out of Vehicle Ops". Air Transport World. Retrieved 2010-09-16.
- ↑ "First Responders: National Guard Center for Emergency Management". Archived from the original on 2010-10-24.