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Aisha Abdurrahman Bewley (born 1948) is a convert to Islam and author or translator of many books on Islam. [1] The Worldcat union catalog lists her as author or translator for "63 works in 149 publications in 3 languages and 792 library holdings". [1] She and her husband collaborated on an English translation of the Qur'an . [2]
According to her website, she was born in 1948 in the United States, received a BA in French and an MA in Near Eastern Languages from the University of California, Berkeley and attended the American University in Cairo on a fellowship. She converted to Islam in 1968. She is married to Hajj Abdalhaqq Bewley, who is often co-translator or her books, and is the mother of three children. [3] [4]
Fiqh is Islamic jurisprudence. Fiqh is often described as the human understanding and practices of the sharia, that is human understanding of the divine Islamic law as revealed in the Quran and the Sunnah. Fiqh expands and develops Shariah through interpretation (ijtihad) of the Quran and Sunnah by Islamic jurists (ulama) and is implemented by the rulings (fatwa) of jurists on questions presented to them. Thus, whereas sharia is considered immutable and infallible by Muslims, fiqh is considered fallible and changeable. Fiqh deals with the observance of rituals, morals and social legislation in Islam as well as political system. In the modern era, there are four prominent schools (madh'hab) of fiqh within Sunni practice, plus two within Shi'a practice. A person trained in fiqh is known as a faqīh.
The Mālikī school is one of the four major madhhabs of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Malik ibn Anas in the 8th century. The Maliki school of jurisprudence relies on the Quran and hadiths as primary sources. Unlike other Islamic fiqhs, Maliki fiqh also considers the consensus of the people of Medina to be a valid source of Islamic law.
Translations of the Qurʻan are considered interpretations of the scripture of Islam in languages other than Arabic. The Qurʻan was originally written in the Arabic language and has been translated into most major African, Asian and European languages.
Zaynab bint Jahsh, was a first cousin and wife of Muhammad and therefore considered by Muslims to be a Mother of the Believers. She had previously been married to Muhammad's adopted son Zayd ibn Harithah.
Muhammad's wives were the women married to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Muslims use the term "Ummahat-ul-Momineen" meaning "Mothers of the Believers" prominently before or after referring to them as a sign of respect, a term derived from Quran 33:6.
The Shadhili Tariqa is a Sufi order of Sunni Islam founded by Abul Hasan Ali ash-Shadhili in the 13th century and is followed by millions of people around the world. Many followers of the Shadhiliya are known as Shadhilis, and a single follower is known as Shadhili.
The Muwaṭṭaʾ or Muwatta Imam Malik of Imam Malik (711–795) written in the 8th-century, is the earliest collection of hadith texts comprising the subjects of Islamic law, compiled by the Imam, Malik ibn Anas. Malik's best-known work, Al-Muwatta was the first legal work to incorporate and combine hadith and fiqh.
The Murabitun World Movement is an Islamic movement founded by its current leader, Abdalqadir as-Sufi, with communities in several countries. Its heartland is Spain. The number of its followers may amount, according to one estimate, to around 10,000.
ʽAbdullah ibn Masʽud, or Abdullah ibn Masʽood, was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was also known by the kunyaAbu Abdur Rahman.
Abdalqadir as-Sufi was a Shaykh of Instruction, leader of the Darqawi-Shadhili-Qadiri Tariqa, founder of the Murabitun World Movement and author of numerous books on Islam, Sufism and political theory. Born in Scotland, he was a playwright and actor before he converted to Islam in 1967 with the Imam of the Qarawiyyin Mosque in Fez, Morocco.
Tafsir al-Qurtubi is a 13th-century work of Qur'an exegesis by the classical scholar Al-Qurtubi. Tafsir al-Qurtubi is also known as Al-Jami'li-Ahkam or Al-Jami' li Ahkam al-Qur'an or Tafsir al-Jami' .
Hind bint Awf was Muhammad's mother-in-law and Ibn Abbas' and Khalid ibn al-Walid 'grandmother. As the mother of several companions of Muhammad, she was known as the "grandest mother-in-law on earth".
The Quran has been translated into English many times. The first few translations were made in the 17th and 19th centuries, but the majority were produced in the 20th and 21st centuries.
Sa‘id ibn al-Musayyib of Medina was among the foremost authorities in jurisprudence (fiqh) among the Taba'een.
Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Arabi al-Darqawi (1760–1823) was a Moroccan Sufi leader of the Shadhili tariqa and the author of letters concerning the dhikr he preached and instructions for daily life. He stressed noninvolvement in worldly affairs (Dunya) and spoke against other Sufi orders exploiting claims of barakah (blessings). He was imprisoned by the Moroccan ruler Mulay Slimane for supporting revolts against the throne, but was released by Abderrahmane.
Jamila bint Thabit, originally named Asiya, was a wife of Caliph Omar and a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
In Islamic theology, al-Insān al-Kāmil, also rendered as Insān-i Kāmil and İnsan-ı Kâmil (Turkish), is an honorific title to describe the prophet Muhammad. The phrase means "the person who has reached perfection", literally "the complete person". It is an important concept in Islamic culture of the prototype human being, pure consciousness, one's true identity, to be contrasted with the material human who is bound by his/her senses and materialism. The term was originally used by Sunni Sufis and is still used by them, but it is also used by Alawis and Alevis. This idea is based upon a hadith, which was used by Ibn Arabi, that states about Prophet Muhammad: "I was a prophet when Adam was between water and clay."
Asmā' bint Abi Bakr, was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and elder sister of his wife Aisha. She is regarded as one of the most prominent islamic figures, as she helped the Prophet during his arduous hijra from Mecca to Medina.
Qurayba "the Younger" bint Abi Umayya, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, was in succession a wife of Umar, the second Caliph and of Muawiyah.
According to Islamic tradition, the Quran was revealed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad by the angel Gabriel in sevenahruf, translated variously as "editions", "styles", "ways", "forms" and "modes". Although Muslim scholars differ on their exact nature, it is thought they constituted a degree of acceptable variation in the Quranic text. The standardisation of the Quranic rasmc. 650 CE and destruction of the mushafs by Rashidun caliph Uthman /> the extent to which the Uthmanic codex contains the seven ahruf has been a subject of debate. The ahruf are distinct from the ten qira'at, which are other variant readings of the Quran that were canonized later on and are still in use.
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