The Japanese political process has two types of elections.
Osaka University, abbreviated as Handai (阪大), is a public research university located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It is one of Japan's former Imperial Universities, a Designated National University and listed as a "Top Type" university in the Top Global University Project. The university is often ranked among the top three public universities in Japan, along with the University of Tokyo and Kyoto University.
Tarō Yamamoto is a Japanese politician and former actor, who is the founder and current leader of the anti-establishment political party Reiwa Shinsengumi. Yamamoto served as a member of the House of Councillors from 2013 to 2019 for Tokyo, initially as an independent and later as member of the People's Life Party / Liberal Party. He was a candidate in the 2020 Tokyo gubernatorial election, as a member of Reiwa Shinsengumi.
Taro Nakayama was a Japanese doctor and politician serving in the House of Representatives in the Diet as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. A native of Osaka he received a Ph.D. in medicine from Osaka Medical College in 1960 for the study of infantile paralysis. After serving in the assembly of Osaka Prefecture he was elected to the Diet for the first time in 1968 as a member of the House of Councilors and to the House of Representatives for the first time in 1986. From 1989 to 1990 he served as Minister for Foreign Affairs in Toshiki Kaifu's cabinet (1989–1991).
Kozo Yamamoto is a former Ministry of Finance official, Japanese politician of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet. He served as State Minister in charge of: Regional Revitalization; Regulatory Reform; Administrative Reform; City, People, Job-Creation; and Civil Service Reform from 2016 to 2017. Previous posts include Vice Minister of Economy, Trade, and Industry, Chairman of the Judicial Affairs Committee of the House of Representatives, Chairman of the Special Commission on Consumer Issues, and Chairman of the Special Commission on Regional Revitalization.
Yoriko Madoka is a Japanese politician who served in the House of Councillors from 1993 to 2010.
Takashi Yamamoto was a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet.
Hisako Ōishi was a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet. She was born in Etajima, Hiroshima, grew up in Kamakura, Kanagawa Prefecture and a graduate of Yokohama National University. She served in the assembly of Kanagawa Prefecture for five terms since 1971 and in the House of Representatives in Diet for two terms since 2000. In the 2005 general election, she lost her electoral district to Liberal Democrat Jun Hayashi and also failed to win a proportional seat. After that, she made an unsuccessful for the House of Councillors in 2007 when she received 59,718 votes nationwide and ranked 21st on the Democratic list while the Democratic Party only won 20 proportional seats, thereby becoming the top replacement for a seat falling vacant. On December 28, 2007, she took over the seat left vacant by Takashi Yamamoto when he died of cancer.
Tokyo 8th district is a single-member constituency of the House of Representatives in the national Diet of Japan. It is located in western part of former Tokyo City and is almost coterminous with Suginami Ward. The district was created in 1994 as part of an electoral reform effort in the Japanese House of Representatives, and was first implemented in the 1996 general election.
The Liberal Party was a political party in Japan that merged with the Democratic Party for the People on 26 April 2019. It had 2 out of the 475 seats in the House of Representatives, and 3 in the 242-member House of Councillors prior to merging. Formed as the People's Life Party (生活の党) in December 2012, it changed its name to People's Life Party & Taro Yamamoto and Friends (生活の党と山本太郎となかまたち) in December 2014. The party adopted the name Liberal Party in October 2016 in preparation for an expected general election in early 2017.
General elections were held in Japan on 31 October 2021, as required by the constitution. Voting took place in all constituencies in order to elect members to the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet. As the constitution requires the cabinet to resign in the first Diet session after a general election, the elections will also lead to a new election for Prime Minister in the Diet, and the appointment of a new cabinet, although ministers may be re-appointed. The election was the first general election of the Reiwa era.
A by-election for the Osaka 12th district in the Japanese House of Representatives was held on 21 April 2019. The by-election was called following the death of the incumbent member Tomokatsu Kitagawa, a member of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), from peritonitis on 26 December 2018. Kitagawa had served the district almost continuously since 2005 and defended the seat by a narrow 4.4% margin in the 2017 election, making the seat a potential battleground. The by-election was held on the same day with the second round of the unified local elections and another House by-election for the Okinawa 3rd district.
Reiwa Shinsengumi is a progressive and left-wing populist political party in Japan founded by actor-turned-politician Taro Yamamoto in April 2019. The party was formed by left-wing members of the Liberal Party who opposed its merger with the Democratic Party for the People. The party won more than 4% of the vote after contesting the House of Councilors election in July 2019, gaining two seats only about three and a half months after the formation of the party.
The 2021 Liberal Democratic Party leadership election was held on 29 September 2021 to elect the next President of the Liberal Democratic Party of Japan and Prime Minister of Japan. Kishida was elected to lead the party, and assumed the premiership on 4 October. He led the party into the 2021 Japanese general election.
The 2021 Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan leadership election took place on 30 November 2021 to elect the next president of the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan after the inaugural leader of the party, Yukio Edano, announced his intention to resign as party leader citing the party's poor performance in the 2021 general election.
Mari Kushibuchi is a Japanese politician.
The 2022 Nagasaki gubernatorial election was a gubernatorial election held on 20 February 2022 to elect the next governor of Nagasaki, a prefecture of Japan in the north-west of Kyushu.
The 2022 Okinawa gubernatorial election was held on 11 September 2022 to elect the next governor of Okinawa. In the election, incumbent Governor Denny Tamaki who was backed by the Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan and some smaller parties ran against Atsushi Sakima who was supported by the Liberal Democratic Party and Komeito. Mikio Shimoji ran against both candidates as a third option. The potential relocation of the Naval Base Okinawa was, again, an important topic in the debate. Over 70% of voters in Okinawa opposed the relocation in the 2019 Okinawan referendum. Tamaki supported the complete removal of the base, while Sakima supported relocating it. Denny Tamaki won with 51.7% of the vote against Sakima and Mikio Shimoji.
Nobuyuki Baba is a Japanese politician who has been the leader of the Japan Innovation Party since 27 August 2022. He is also a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet, currently for the Osaka 17th district.
The 2023 Osaka City Council election was held following the expiration of the council's four-year term on 9 April 2023, marking the first half of the 20th national unified elections. There were 128 candidates running for 81 seats in the city's 24 wards. The political parties contesting the election were: the Osaka Ishin, Komeito, Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), Japan Communist Party (JCP), Constitutional Democratic Party (CDP), and the Reiwa Shinsengumi (Reiwa).
