The maqāma is an (originally) Arabic prosimetric literary genre which alternates the Arabic rhymed prose known as Saj‘ with intervals of poetry in which rhetorical extravagance is conspicuous.
Abū Muhammad ʿAbd Allāh Rūzbih ibn Dādūya, born Rōzbih pūr-i Dādōē, more commonly known as Ibn al-Muqaffaʿ, was a Persian translator, philosopher, author and thinker who wrote in the Arabic language.
Abū Manṣūr ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Muḥammad ibn Ismāʿīl al-Thaʿālibī (961–1038), was a writer famous for his anthologies and collections of epigrams. As a writer of prose and verse in his own right, distinction between his and the work of others is sometimes lacking, as was the practice of writers of the time.
Jabra Ibrahim Jabra was an Iraqi-Palestinian author, artist and intellectual born in Adana in French-occupied Cilicia to a Syriac Orthodox Christian family. His family survived the Seyfo Genocide and fled to the British Mandate of Palestine in the early 1920s. Jabra was educated at government schools under the British-mandatory educational system in Bethlehem and Jerusalem, such as the Government Arab College, and won a scholarship from the British Council to study at the University of Cambridge. Following the events of 1948, Jabra fled Jerusalem and settled in Baghdad, where he found work teaching at the University of Baghdad. In 1952 he was awarded a Rockefeller Foundation Humanities fellowship to study English literature at Harvard University. Over the course of his literary career, Jabra wrote novels, short stories, poetry, criticism, and a screenplay. He was a prolific translator of modern English and French literature into Arabic. Jabra was also an enthusiastic painter, and he pioneered the Hurufiyya movement, which sought to integrate traditional Islamic art within contemporary art through the decorative use of Arabic script.
Sudanese literature consists of both oral as well as written works of fiction and nonfiction that were created during the cultural history of today's Republic of the Sudan. This includes the territory of what was once Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, the independent country's history since 1956 as well as its changing geographical scope in the 21st century.
Bashir Qamari was a Moroccan literary critic, novelist and playwright.
Syrian literature is modern literature written in Arabic by writers from Syria since the independence of the Syrian Arab Republic in 1946. It is part of the historically and geographically wider Arabic literature. Literary written or oral works by Syrian authors in the historical region of Syria since the Umayyad era are considered general Arabic literature.
Abū al-Faḍl Aḥmad ibn Abī Ṭāhir Ṭayfūr was a Persian linguist and poet of Arabic language. He was born in Baghdad. Tayfur was his father's name who was from Khorasan, Persia. He played an important role in the Arabic literary revolution. Ibn Abi Tahir Tayfur was the first writer who devoted a book to writers. He was buried in Bab al-Sham cemetery, where people of note were buried.
Safa Abdul-Aziz Khulusi was an Iraqi historian, novelist, poet, journalist and broadcaster. He is known for mediating between Arabic- and English-language cultures, and for his scholarship of modern Iraqi literature. He is also remembered for his theories on Arabic grammar, on Shakespeare, as well as his role in Islamic education and his work on the poetry of al-Mutanabbi.
Maia Tabet is an Arabic-English literary translator with a background in editing and journalism. Born in Beirut, Lebanon, in 1956, she was raised in Lebanon, India, and England. She studied philosophy and political science at the American University in Beirut and lives between the United States and Cyprus.
Aziz Ahmad was a Pakistani-Canadian academic who worked as a professor of Islamic studies at the University of Toronto and is best known for his work in Islamic history with a focus on South Asia. In addition, he was a noted Urdu poet, novelist, translator, Iqbal scholar and literary critic.
Ma'ruf bin Abdul Ghani al Rusafi (1875–1945) was a poet, educationist and literary scholar from Iraq. He is considered by many as a controversial figure in modern Iraqi literature due to his advocacy of freedom and opposition to imperialism and is known as a poet of freedom.
Raif Khoury was a Lebanese writer, poet, essayist, novelist and playwright who was born in Nabay, Lebanon, then part of the Ottoman Empire towards the beginning of the twentieth century. He went to school in the neighboring town of Brummana to Broummana High School, where he started writing poetry at a very early age. He joined the American University of Beirut as an Arabic literature and history major and graduated with a BA in 1932. Even before he graduated, he started writing in literary magazines and papers such as Al Barq, Al Adib and Al Adab which were issued in Beirut at the time. He was a member of the League Against Nazism and Fascism in Syria and Lebanon which was founded in 1939. He founded a magazine entitled Al Tariq with other members of the League in 1941.
Al-Muqtaṭaf was an Arabic journal of popular science. The journal was published monthly from 1876 to 1952 in Beirut and Cairo with a total of 121 issues. Along with Al-Manar and Al-Hilal, it was one of the Arab world's three most popular journals in the early 20th century.
The Arabic word insha means "construction", or "creation". It has been used in this sense in classical Arabic literature such as the Quran. Over time it acquired the meaning of composition, especially denoting the prose composition of letters, documents, and state papers. Subsequently, it was used as a synonym of 'Munshaat', which are documents composed in accordance with specific norms of diction and style that distinguish these prose compositions from ordinary prose. Gradually the term "Insha " came to represent a distinct branch of learning that enabled one to discern the merits and defects of the prose composition of letters and documents as a distinct type of writing from regular treatises and books.
Amira Nur al-Din Daoud was an Iraqi poet. Born in Baghdad. After completing her secondary education, she joined Fuad I University in Cairo in 1943, and BA in Arabic Language and Literature in 1947, and a master's degree from the same university in 1957. She worked as a teacher of Arabic in secondary schools, then at the Faculty of Arts of Baghdad, then dean of the Institute of Applied Arts. Published her poetry in many Iraqi and Arab magazines and newspapers.
Yumna Al-Eid (1935-) is a Lebanese writer and literary critic. She is considered a professor in Arabic criticism in more than one university in both the Orient and the Occident. Her original name, according to her identity, is Hikmat Al-Majthoob Al-Sabbagh, and she is also known as Hikmat Al-Khatib. She has tens of publications in both literature and criticism. She received many Arabic honorary certificates and awards, amongst which is Al-Owais Award. She was also chosen as the Cultural Personality of the Year in Sharjah International Book Fair.
Hani Muhammad-Ali al-Rahib was a Syrian novelist and literary academic who wrote a number of distinguished novels. The Defeated was his first novel, which was published in 1961 when he was 22 years old. In the same year, he won the Al-Adab magazine literature award. His second novel was titled A Crack in a Long History (1970) then came A Thousand and Two Nights in 1977, followed in the early 1980s by The Epidemic, which some critics chose as one of the 100 most important Arab novels published in the twentieth century, according to Al-Faisal Magazine.
Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar was a Saudi Arabian writer, journalist and poet, best known for his works about 20th-century Islamic challenges. Born in Mecca, capital city of Hejazi Hashemite Kingdom. He received a basic education and graduated from the Saudi Scientific Institute in 1937, took a scholarship for higher studies in Cairo University, then returned to his country and worked in some government offices before devoting himself to literature and research. Attar wrote many works about Arabic linguistic and Islamic studies, and gained fame as a Muslim apologist, anti-communist and anti-Zionist, he who believed in flexibility of Islamic jurisprudence for modern era. Praised by Abbas Mahmoud al-Aqqad, he was also noted for his defense of Modern Standard Arabic against colloquial or spoken Arabic. In the 1960s, he established the famous Okaz newspaper and then the Kalimat al-Haqq magazine, which lasted only about eight months. He died at the age of 74 in Jeddah.
Muhammad Sa'id al-Amudi was a Saudi Arabian journalist, literary critic and official. After graduation from Al-Falah school in Mecca, he worked in commerce for a while, then held several administrative positions, including: head of the editorial board of the General Post and Telegraph Authority and the editor-in-chief of its magazine until 1971, member of the Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia from 1951 to 1954, chief editor of the Muslim World League magazine and Sawt Al-Hijaz newspaper for a while. He also employed by the Ministry of Education for several committees. During his official career, he published many works in the magazines of Al-Muqtataf and Al-Hilal and was a member of the Modern Literature Association in Cairo, which was headed by the poet Ibrahim Nagi. He died after a long illness at the age of 86 in his birthplace. Al-Amudi wrote many essays, short stories, poems, and reviews. A prominent 20th-century Saudi Arabian journalist, his complete works were published in 3 volumes in 2007.
