Alan V. Deardorff (born 1944) is the John W. Sweetland Professor Emeritus of International Economics and a Professor Emeritus of Public Policy at the University of Michigan Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, Ann Arbor. [1] Deardorff received his Ph.D. in Economics from Cornell University in 1971. [1]
Deardorff is the author of Deardorffs' Glossary of International Economics, as well as the Family Tree of Trade Economists. He has undertaken work on David Ricardo's theory of comparative advantage, arguing that "the law of comparative advantage breaks down when applied to individual commodities or pairs of commodities in a many-commodity world", but stating that "that the law is nonetheless valid if restated in terms of averages across all commodities". [2] He has also served as a consultant to international organizations including the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the World Bank.
Comparative advantage in an economic model is the advantage over others in producing a particular good. A good can be produced at a lower relative opportunity cost or autarky price, i.e. at a lower relative marginal cost prior to trade. Comparative advantage describes the economic reality of the gains from trade for individuals, firms, or nations, which arise from differences in their factor endowments or technological progress.
The gravity model of international trade in international economics is a model that, in its traditional form, predicts bilateral trade flows based on the economic sizes and distance between two units. Research shows that there is "overwhelming evidence that trade tends to fall with distance."
Alan Walter Whiteside OBE is a South African academic, researcher and professor at the Balsillie School of International Affairs and professor emeritus at the University of KwaZulu-Natal. He is well known for his innovative work in the field of the social impacts of HIV and AIDS.
Elhanan Helpman is an Israeli economist who is currently the Galen L. Stone Professor of International Trade at Harvard University. He is also a Professor Emeritus at the Eitan Berglas School of Economics at Tel Aviv University. Helpman is among the thirty most cited economists in the world according to IDEAS/RePEc.
Frederic Michael Scherer is an American economist and expert on industrial organization. Since 2006, he continues as a professor of economics at the JFK School of Government at Harvard University.
In economics, gains from trade are the net benefits to economic agents from being allowed an increase in voluntary trading with each other. In technical terms, they are the increase of consumer surplus plus producer surplus from lower tariffs or otherwise liberalizing trade.
Richard Gilmore is President/CEO of GIC Trade, Inc., an international agribusiness company with partner offices in Beijing, São Paulo, Quito, Moscow, and Tel Aviv. He is also Founder and Chairman of the Global Food Safety Forum (GFSF), a non-profit industry organization focused on educational and training activities in Asia with offices in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Vietnam. A trade economist and businessman with a Ph.D. from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, where he was a Fulbright Fellow, Gilmore served as Trustee for Bayer CropSciences, Syngenta Corporation, and Agrium, Inc. He is currently Trustee in the U.S. and Canada for Nutrien. He also served as Special External Advisor to the White House/USAID for the Private Sector/Global Food Security and Managing Director of the Global Food Safety Forum (GFSF) in Beijing. Gilmore developed two agro-carbon instruments: Commodity Plus Carbon (CPC)and GIC Ag Carbon Intensity Index.
Lúcio Vinhas de Souza is a Brazilian-Born Portuguese economist. His main research areas are global macroeconomics, development economics, monetary economics, finance and country risk, with extensive work experience at the developed economies of the European Union and the US, and in several emerging market regions, from the former Soviet Union to East Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Kai A. Konrad is a German economist with his main research interest in public economics.
Konstantin Sonin is a Russian economist. He is a professor at the University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy, research fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR), London, and an associate research fellow at the Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics. In recognition for his outstanding research in the field of political economy, in December 2015, he was named the John Dewey Distinguished Service Professor of the University of Chicago.
International trade theory is a sub-field of economics which analyzes the patterns of international trade, its origins, and its welfare implications. International trade policy has been highly controversial since the 18th century. International trade theory and economics itself have developed as means to evaluate the effects of trade policies.
Claudia Maria Buch is a German economist who serves as Chair of the ECB Supervisory Board since 2024. She previously was a Vice President of the Bundesbank from 2014 to 2023.
Susan Rose-Ackerman is Henry R. Luce Professor Emeritus of Law and Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Yale University. She is an expert in political corruption and development, administrative law, law and regulatory policy, the nonprofit sector, and federalism.
Gil-Sung Park is the Chairman of The Blue Tree Foundation and Emeritus Professor of Korea University. He is also known as the Member of Samsung Ho-Am Prize Committee and the Member of Seoul Peace Prize Selection Committee. He was also the Provost and Executive Vice President for Academic Affairs, and Professor of Sociology at Korea University, and the President of the Korean Sociological Association starting in 2019. He also served as the former Dean of the Graduate School and of College of Liberal Arts at Korea University, and the board of directors of the National Research Council for Economics, Humanities, and Social Sciences in Korea.
Gary Don Libecap is a Distinguished Professor at the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management and Distinguished Professor of Economics at the University of California Santa Barbara. Libecap is a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research; a senior fellow at the Property and Environment Research Center, and a member of the Research Group on Political Institutions and Economic Policy, Harvard University. He was the Erskine Professor at the University of Canterbury, New Zealand, 2019; Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions at Cambridge University 2010–11, and was previously the Anheuser Busch Professor of Entrepreneurial Studies, Economics, and Law at the University of Arizona.
John F. Helliwell is a Canadian economist, professor emeritus of Economics at the University of British Columbia. senior fellow of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR) and co-director of the CIFAR Programme on Social Interactions, Identity, and Well-Being; Board Director of the International Positive Psychology Association, and editor of the World Happiness Report.
Gabriel Felbermayr is an Austrian economist who has been serving as president of the Austrian Institute of Economic Research (WIFO) since 2021. He specializes in international economics, international trade agreements, economic policy, and environmental economics. Considered a leading economist in the field of international economics, he is cited in the top 5% of all economists and has been referred to as "Germany's Chief Economist of the North".
Yuriy Gorodnichenko is an economist and Quantedge Presidential professor at the University of California, Berkeley.
Beata Smarzynska Javorcik is a Polish economist who is currently the Chief Economist at the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). She is the first woman to hold this position. She is also the first woman to hold a statutory professorship in economics at the University of Oxford. She is a former senior economist of the Development Economics Research Group at the World Bank, where she previously served as a Country Economist for Azerbaijan, Europe, and the Central Asia Region and was involved in research activities regarding lending operations and policy advice. She is also a program director of the International Trade and Regional Economics Programme at the Centre for Economic Policy Research in London. Her other affiliations include the Royal Economic Society in London, CESifo in Munich, International Growth Centre in London, and the Centre for Research on Globalization and Economic Policy at the University of Nottingham.
Monika Schnitzer is a German economist and chair of comparative economic research at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. She was the president of the Verein für Socialpolitik from 2015 to 2016 and is the chairwoman of the German Council of Economic Experts since 2022.