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Bletchley Park is an English country house and estate in Bletchley, Milton Keynes (Buckinghamshire), that became the principal centre of Allied code-breaking during the Second World War. The mansion was constructed during the years following 1883 for the financier and politician Herbert Leon in the Victorian Gothic, Tudor and Dutch Baroque styles, on the site of older buildings of the same name.
Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) is an intelligence and security organisation responsible for providing signals intelligence (SIGINT) and information assurance (IA) to the government and armed forces of the United Kingdom. Primarily based at "The Doughnut" in the suburbs of Cheltenham, GCHQ is the responsibility of the country's Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, but it is not a part of the Foreign Office and its director ranks as a Permanent Secretary.
John Cairncross was a British civil servant who became an intelligence officer and spy during the Second World War. As a Soviet double agent, he passed to the Soviet Union the raw Tunny decryptions that influenced the Battle of Kursk. He was alleged to be the fifth member of the Cambridge Five. He was also notable as a translator, literary scholar and writer of non-fiction.
The Lorenz SZ40, SZ42a and SZ42b were German rotor stream cipher machines used by the German Army during World War II. They were developed by C. Lorenz AG in Berlin. The model name SZ was derived from Schlüssel-Zusatz, meaning cipher attachment. The instruments implemented a Vernam stream cipher.
Alfred Dillwyn "Dilly" Knox, CMG was a British classics scholar and papyrologist at King's College, Cambridge and a codebreaker. As a member of the Room 40 codebreaking unit he helped decrypt the Zimmermann Telegram which brought the USA into the First World War. He then joined the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS).
Sir Francis Harry Hinsley, was an English intelligence officer and historian. He worked at Bletchley Park during the Second World War and wrote widely on the history of international relations and British Intelligence during the Second World War. He was known as Harry Hinsley.
William Gordon Welchman OBE was a British mathematician. During World War II, he worked at Britain's secret decryption centre at Bletchley Park, where he was one of the most important contributors. In 1948, after the war, he moved to the US, and later worked on the design of military communications systems.
Commander Alexander "Alastair" Guthrie Denniston was a Scottish codebreaker in Room 40, deputy head of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) and hockey player. Denniston was appointed operational head of GC&CS in 1919 and remained so until February 1942.
Hut 6 was a wartime section of the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park, Buckinghamshire, Britain, tasked with the solution of German Army and Air Force Enigma machine cyphers. Hut 8, by contrast, attacked Naval Enigma. Hut 6 was established at the initiative of Gordon Welchman, and was run initially by Welchman and fellow Cambridge mathematician John Jeffreys.
John William Jamieson Herivel was a British science historian and World War II codebreaker at Bletchley Park.
Shaun Wylie was a British mathematician and World War II codebreaker.
Rolf Noskwith was a British businessman who during the Second World War worked under Alan Turing as a cryptographer at the Bletchley Park British military base.
Susan Elizabeth Black is a British computer scientist, academic and social entrepreneur. She is known for saving Bletchley Park, with her Saving Bletchley Park campaign. Since 2018, she has been Professor of Computer Science and Technology Evangelist at Durham University. She was previously based at the University of Westminster and University College London.
Harold Bernard Willson was a British linguist and noted academic, who during the Second World War was the first person to decrypt the Italian Navy Hagelin C-38 code machine. He was the father of television presenter and motoring journalist Quentin Willson.
The Government of the United Kingdom maintains several intelligence agencies that deal with secret intelligence. These agencies are responsible for collecting, analysing and exploiting foreign and domestic intelligence, providing military intelligence, and performing espionage and counter-espionage. Their intelligence assessments contribute to the conduct of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom, maintaining the national security of the United Kingdom, military planning, public safety, and law enforcement in the United Kingdom. The four main agencies are the Secret Intelligence Service, the Security Service (MI5), the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and Defence Intelligence (DI). The agencies are organised under three government departments, the Foreign Office, the Home Office and the Ministry of Defence.
Audrey Ruth Briggs (1920–2005) was a cryptanalyst at Bletchley Park during the Second World War.
The College of National Security was a proposed cyber security school for 16-19 year-olds, scheduled to open in September 2020 at Bletchley Park.
About 7,500 women worked in Bletchley Park, the central site for British cryptanalysts during World War II. Women constituted roughly 75% of the workforce there. While women were overwhelmingly under-represented in high-level work such as cryptanalysis, they were employed in large numbers in other important areas, including as operators of cryptographic and communications machinery, translators of Axis documents, traffic analysts, clerical workers, and more. Women made up the majority of Bletchley Park’s workforce, most enlisted in the Women’s Royal Naval Service, WRNS, nicknamed the Wrens.
Emma L. Briant is a British scholar and academic researcher on media, contemporary propaganda, surveillance and information warfare who was involved in exposing the Facebook–Cambridge Analytica data scandal concerning data misuse and disinformation. She became Associate Professor of News and Political Communication at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia in 2023. Before this she was an associate researcher at Bard College and taught in the School of Communication at American University. Briant became an honorary associate in Cambridge University Center for Financial Reporting & Accountability, headed by Alan Jagolinzer, and joined Central European University, as a Fellow in the Center for Media, Data and Society in 2022.
References
- 1 2 "CAMBRIDGE ANALYTICA LTD - Officers (free information from Companies House)". Beta.companieshouse.gov.uk. 30 July 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
- ↑ "IISP announces the appointment of Dr Alastair MacWillson as new Chairman". Iisp.org. 1 April 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ "Cyber Security Vectors - University of Surrey - Guildford". Surrey.ac.uk. Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ Eleanor Ross. "School for teenage codebreakers to open in Bletchley Park | Technology". The Guardian . Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ "UK's first National College of Cyber Security to open at historic Bletchley Park". Ibtimes.co.uk. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ Tom Mendelsohn (25 November 2016). "Cyber college for wannabe codebreakers planned at UK's iconic Bletchley Park". Ars Technica. Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ Davis, Michelle (17 June 2014). "The Chertoff Group Names Dr. Alastair MacWillson Principle". WashingtonExec.com. Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ "Alastair MacWillson: Executive Profile & Biography". Bloomberg. 30 October 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ "Cloud Computing: Compliance Challenges". BankInfoSecurity.com. 5 October 2011. Retrieved 12 December 2016.[ verification needed ]
- ↑ MacWillson, Alastair C. (1992). Hostage-Taking Terrorism. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-12477-0. ISBN 978-1-349-12479-4.
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