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Tamil Nadu is the southernmost state of India. The tenth largest Indian state by area and the sixth largest by population, Tamil Nadu is the home of the Tamil people, who speak the Tamil language, one of the longest surviving classical languages and serves as its official language. The capital and largest city is Chennai.
Chennai, formerly known as Madras, is the capital city of Tamil Nadu, the southernmost state of India. It is the state's primate city and is located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal. According to the 2011 Indian census, Chennai is the sixth-most populous city in India and forms the fourth-most populous urban agglomeration. Incorporated in 1866, the Greater Chennai Corporation is the oldest municipal corporation of India and the second oldest in the world after London.
The All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam is an Indian regional political party with great influence in the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry. It is a Dravidian party founded by the former chief minister of Tamil Nadu M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R.) at Madurai on 17 October 1972 as a breakaway faction from the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam after M. Karunanidhi expelled him from the party for demanding an account as the party treasurer. The party is adhering to the policy of socialism and secularism based on the principles of C. N. Annadurai (Anna) collectively coined as Annaism by M.G.R. The party has won a seven-time majority in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the main opposition party in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly.
The culture of Chennai, popularly called the "Gateway to the South India", is distinct from that of any other Indian city. Being a cosmopolitan hub, the city's culture reflects its diverse population that has resulted in a unique blend. Though a modern metropolis, Chennai continues to be traditional and conventional in certain ways. Traditional music, dance and all other art forms of Tamil Nadu are very popular in the city. One can find a peculiar cultural blend in city, from traditional foods to fast foods, from ancient temple architecture to modern high-rises, and from classical music and dance to the growing nightlife.
The Tamil Nadu cricket team is a domestic cricket team run by Tamil Nadu Cricket Association representing the state of Tamil Nadu, India.It has been one of the most dominant teams in white ball domestic circuit The team plays in Ranji Trophy, the highest tier of the domestic first-class cricket tournament in India and in List A tournaments Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy twice and have finished runners-up nine times. They are the team that has won the Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy most often. They were the first team to win the Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. The team was known as Madras until the 1970–71 season before renaming of Madras state to Tamil Nadu. Tamil Nadu is the only team to win the five different Indian domestic trophies in India.
The Madras Gymkhana Club (MGC) is a club in Chennai, India, which was founded in 1884 to promote sports and social and cultural activities. It owns and operates one of Chennai's two 18-hole golf courses, one of Asia's oldest courses. Tamil Nadu Governor Surjit Singh Barnala published The Glory Years, a coffee-table book commemorating the club's 125th anniversary, in 2009.
Cricket is the most popular sport in Chennai. The M. A. Chidambaram Stadium is one of the oldest cricket stadiums in India and has been the venue for many notable milestones in the history of Indian cricket. Tennis, field hockey, football and formula racing and squash are the other popular sports. The city hosts an ATP tennis event, the Chennai Open. Chennai has a rich legacy in chess and has produced many well-known chess players, the most notable of them being Viswanathan Anand, the former multiple World Chess Champion.
The Indian Open was a men's tennis tournament founded as the India International Championships in 1923. It was played from 1923 until 1979 and the men's event was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit, 1970 to 1979. From 1945 to 1972 it was known as the Indian International Championships. It was held in various cities across India and was played outdoor on multiple surfaces.
The Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It has a strength of 234 members, all of whom are democratically elected using the first-past-the-post system. The presiding officer of the Assembly is the Speaker. The term of the Assembly is five years, unless dissolved earlier.
M. Muhammad Ismail Sahib was an Indian politician and social worker from southern Indian state Tamil Nadu. he was a founder of the Indian Union Muslim League party after the partition of British India. He was popularly known in Tamil Nadu and Kerala as the "Quaid-e-Millat" .. Ismail was a member of Madras Legislative Assembly and Leader of the Opposition (1946—52). He was also a member (1948—50) of the Constituent Assembly, the drafting body of the constitution of India. He was also a member of Rajya Sabha (1952—58) and Lok Sabha.
Many sports are played by the people of Tamil Nadu including both traditional sports and sports from other countries.
The Tamil Nadu Football Association, formerly the Madras Football Association, is one of the 36 Indian state football associations that are affiliated with the All India Football Federation. The TNFA administers lower-tier football in the state of Tamil Nadu. It sends state teams for Santosh Trophy and Senior Women's National Football Championship.
The Madras High Court is a High Court in India. It has appellate jurisdiction over the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory of Puducherry. It is located in Chennai, and is the third oldest high court of India after the Calcutta High Court in Kolkata and Bombay High Court in Mumbai. The Madras High Court is one of four charter high courts of colonial India established in the four Presidency Towns of Madras, Bombay, Allahabad and Calcutta by letters patent granted by Queen Victoria, dated 26 June 1862. It exercises original jurisdiction over the city of Chennai, as well as extraordinary original jurisdiction, civil and criminal, under the letters patent and special original jurisdiction for the issue of writs under the Constitution of India. Covering 107 acres, the court complex is one of the largest in the world, second only to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom. The four-storey administrative building attracts hundreds of litigants every day.
The Chennai Football League, sometimes simply known as CFA Senior Division League, and formerly the Madras Football League, is the group of state-level football leagues in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, including the top-level Senior Division. The League is organised by the Chennai Football Association (CFA), which is affiliated to the Tamil Nadu Football Association (TNFA), the official football governing body of the state.
The Western India Championships also known as the Western India Tennis Championships, was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament founded in 1888 as the Bombay Gymkhana Club Tournament. The championships was played at the Gymkhana Club grounds, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. The championships ran until 1980 before they was discontinued.
The Southern India Championships also known as the South Indian International Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament was founded in 1889 as the South India Championship. The championships was played at the Madras Gymkhana Club grounds, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. The championships ran until 1980 before it was discontinued.
The All India Hard Court Championships, also known as the All India Hard Court Tennis Championships, was a combined men's and women's clay court tennis tournament founded in 1946. The championships were first played at the Madras Gymkhana Club grounds, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. The championships ran until 1972 before it was discontinued as part of the worldwide tennis circuit.
The Central India Championships or formally the Central India Lawn Tennis Championships was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament founded in 1912. The championships were first played at Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. The championships ran until 1970 before it was discontinued as part of the worldwide tennis circuit.
The Bombay Presidency Hard Court Championships or Bombay Hard Court Championships, also called the Bombay Presidency Hard Courts, was an international combined men's and women's tennis clay court tournament founded in 1924. The championships were played at the Hindu Gymkhana, Bombay, India. The championships ran until 1950 before being discontinued.
The Tamil Union Open Championships also known as the Tamil Union Open was an open international men's and women's clay court tennis tournament founded in 1930 as the Tamil Union Championships. It was first organised by the Tamil Union Cricket & Athletic Club and first played on clay courts in Colombo, Ceylon then later Sri Lanka. The international tournament was played annually until 1973 when it was discontinued as part of the worldwide ILTF Independent Tour.
References
- ↑ Robertson, Max (1974). The encyclopedia of tennis. New York: Viking Press. p. 264. ISBN 978-0-670-29408-4.
- ↑ "History". aitatennis. New Delhi, India: All India Tennis Association. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ↑ (AITA)
- ↑ Ranganathan, Shilu (20 July 2010). "Memories of Madras – Field days". The Hindu. Chennai, Tamil Nadu: The Hindu Group. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
- ↑ "Dorothy Head (United States) won the women's singles title in the All-India hard court tennis championships at Bombay yesterday" (Subscription). Dundee Courier. Angus, Scotland: The British Newspaper Archive. 10 January 1951. p. 5. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
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