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Ecological economics, bioeconomics, ecolonomy, eco-economics, or ecol-econ is both a transdisciplinary and an interdisciplinary field of academic research addressing the interdependence and coevolution of human economies and natural ecosystems, both intertemporally and spatially. By treating the economy as a subsystem of Earth's larger ecosystem, and by emphasizing the preservation of natural capital, the field of ecological economics is differentiated from environmental economics, which is the mainstream economic analysis of the environment. One survey of German economists found that ecological and environmental economics are different schools of economic thought, with ecological economists emphasizing strong sustainability and rejecting the proposition that physical (human-made) capital can substitute for natural capital.
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Agricultural economics is an applied field of economics concerned with the application of economic theory in optimizing the production and distribution of food and fiber products. Agricultural economics began as a branch of economics that specifically dealt with land usage. It focused on maximizing the crop yield while maintaining a good soil ecosystem. Throughout the 20th century the discipline expanded and the current scope of the discipline is much broader. Agricultural economics today includes a variety of applied areas, having considerable overlap with conventional economics. Agricultural economists have made substantial contributions to research in economics, econometrics, development economics, and environmental economics. Agricultural economics influences food policy, agricultural policy, and environmental policy.
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Harvey Joshua Levin was an American economist. He was university research professor in the Department of Economics at Hofstra University (1989–92), Augustus B. Weller Professor of Economics at Hofstra (1964–89), and founder and director of its Public Policy Workshop (1975–92). He had previously served as professor at Columbia University. He was also a senior research associate at the Center for Policy Research.
Robert Dorfman was professor of political economy at Harvard University. Dorfman made great contributions to the fields of economics, statistics, group testing and in the process of coding theory.
John Vasil Krutilla was an American environmental economist, known for inventing the concept of existence value, the idea that undisturbed wilderness has economic value. According to Kenneth Arrow,
"John Krutilla can fairly be said to have created or stimulated most of the agenda of modern environmental economics.. .. He pioneered in developing the idea later called 'existence value,' the value generated by the mere existence of an amenity, such as an unspoiled wilderness or species of animal or plants."
Thomas Harry (Tom) Tietenberg is an American economist and environmentalist, and Emeritus Professor at Colby College, known for his work in the field of resource-based economy.
Richard G. Newell is an American energy economist, environmental economist, and climate policy expert who served as the seventh administrator of the United States Energy Information Administration from 2009 to 2011. He is currently the president and CEO of Resources for the Future, a nonprofit environmental economics research and policy institute in Washington, D.C. He has previously served as Senior Economist for Energy and Environment on the President's Council of Economic Advisers and as Professor of Energy and Environmental Economics at Duke University.
References
- ↑ "Allen Kneese", Economist, 24 March 2001.
- ↑ "Statement of Allen V. Kneese, Director, The Quality of the Environment Program for Resources for the Future, Inc.", Economic Analysis and the Efficiency of Government, Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Economy in Government of the Joint Economic Committee, Congress of the United States, Ninety-First Congress, First Session, Part 1, August 12; September 16 and 19, 1969, United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 1970, page 342.
- 1 2 3 Portney, Paul (Spring 2001), "In Appreciation - Allen V. Kneese" (PDF), Resources for the Future.
- ↑ "Allen V. Kneese", Resources for the Future, Spring 2001.
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