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Anatolian High School, or Anadolu High School (Turkish : Anadolu Lisesi), refers to public high schools in Turkey that admit their students according to high nationwide standardized test (LGS) scores, though this is not required for entering all Anatolian High Schools. [1]
Anatolian high schools were established as an alternative to expensive private schools teaching in foreign languages and were modeled after the grammar schools. Some of the Anatolian high schools are newly established while other prestigious public schools were added to this category.
Originally six Maarif Koleji were established in six major cities of Turkey -- Istanbul, Izmir, Samsun, Konya, Eskişehir, and Diyarbakır -- in 1955, based on a special law enacted by the Turkish Parliament. (These were followed by more Anatolian Schools in later years.) The name was changed to "Anatolian High Schools" in 1975. These schools admitted students based on an academic test administered at the end of grade 5, which was the basic elementary education back then. The schools offered a year of foreign language education as a preparatory year followed by foreign-language medium of instruction seven years of middle and high school grades. Several private schools followed the Anatolian School model particularly as an alternative to foreign-based American, French and German schools. There is also one Anatolian School in Baku, Azerbaijan and one in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan.
Until 1997 Anatolian High Schools' teaching language was English, German, or French. Other high schools in Turkey were teaching in Turkish; foreign languages were taught only as elective courses. [2]
Between 1976 and 1993, the number of Anatolian High Schools in Turkey increased to 193. [3] Current High Schools were being transformed into Anatolian High Schools by changing their curriculum and education language. Government pursued this policy in order to improve the education quality in high schools, so they upgraded the convenient schools. [4] But the rapid increase in the number of these schools brought a problem: There weren't enough teachers whom were qualified to teach in foreign language. Because of this shorthand, government made a reform in 1997 and set the education language to Turkish. [2] [5]
With education reform in 1997, mandatory education year increased to 8. This meant that every kid has to go to middle school. The government needed to separate middle schools and high schools for the new education system to be applied properly. [2] Anatolian High School were no longer containing middle school students, and the entrance exam for these school moved to 8th grade. Throughout the years, the format of the entrance exam changed. The order of the placement exams is 1999-2004 LGS (Liselere Gecis Sinavi), 2004-2008 OKS (Ortaogratim Kurumlari Sinavi), 2008-2014 SBS (Seviye Belirleme Sinavi), 2014-2018 TEOG (Temel Egitimden Ortaogretime Gecis Sinavi), 2018–present LGS. [3] [6] [7] Last exam (LGS) is different from the others because not all students are required to take it, so there are two ways to get into an Anatolian High School in the current system. First is based on student's address, and they go to the closest Anatolian High School. The other way is with the LGS exam. Students with good GPA enter this exam and they get the chance to apply to top quality Anatolian High Schools around Turkey. [1]
The number of Anatolian High Schools increased up to 500 in 2003, 1700 in 2011, 3074 in 2017. With the new placement system in 2018, the number of Anatolian High Schools which required entrance exam was decreased to 222. [3] Currently, all subjects (Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, History etc...), except primary and secondary foreign language subjects, in Anatolian High Schools are being taught in Turkish. [2] There are also some Anatolian High Schools which offer one year of foreign language education (Galatasaray Lisesi, Kabataş Erkek Lisesi, Istanbul Erkek Lisesi etc...). [8]
Student Selection and Placement System or Higher Education Foundations Examination, formerly Higher Education Examination Undergraduate Placement Examination,, is a standardized test for the admission to higher education in Turkey administered by ÖSYM. Within the Turkish education system, the only way to enter a university is through this exam. 1,692,000 high school graduates took the exam in 2011 and 2,255,386 in 2016. It is a multiple choice exam, with 5 options for each question. It has two parts, together called the Core Proficiency Test-Advanced Proficiency Test.
Kadıköy Anatolian High School, also commonly known as Kadıköy Maarif College, abbreviated Kadıköy Maarif or KAL, is one of the oldest, most prestigious Anatolian High Schools and internationally renowned high schools of Turkey; located in Moda, Istanbul. The education languages are Turkish and English. Secondary foreign language offered is German.
Education in Turkey is governed by a national system which was established in accordance with Atatürk's Reforms. It is a state-supervised system designed to produce a skillful professional class for the social and economic institutes of the country.
TEV İnanç Türkeş High School for Gifted Students is an independent private co-educational boarding school for the gifted and talented in Turkey.
Bursa Anatolian High School, is a public boarding secondary school in Bursa, Turkey. BAL is one of the most prominent high schools in the West Anatolian area. It was established in 1970 as Education College and later was renamed as Bursa Anatolian High School becoming the first Anatolian High School in Bursa Province. The education of BAL is in English. German and French are taught as foreign languages, as well. Moreover, in 2008, BAL has been selected and awarded by Turkish Ministry of National Education as the best secondary school in Turkey.
Hüseyin Avni Sözen Anatolian High School is a highly selective Anatolian School, similar to grammar schools in U.K., located in Üsküdar, an Asian side town of Istanbul. Founded in 1984, the school has a history of distinguished scholarship and is particularly well known for the strength of its English language study program.
Gazi Anatolian High School is a co-educational Anatolian High School in Ankara, Turkey. It was founded under the name "Söğütözü Anatolian High School" in 1984. In 1986, the school moved to its current location and adopted its current name. The emblem of the school is the signature of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, which is worn every Gazi student on their uniform. In the university entrance exams, the average success rate in its own type and in Turkey as a whole is 82.3%; in 2003, it ranked first in Turkey in the numerical field and in the fields of mathematics, physics, chemistry, chemistry and biology.
Istanbul High School, also commonly known as Istanbul Boys' High School, is one of the oldest and internationally renowned high schools of Turkey. The school is considered elite among Turkish public high schools. Germany recognizes the school as a Deutsche Auslandsschule.
Samsun Atatürk Anatolian High School is an Anatolian High School, educating in its historical building which is established in Samsun city, Turkey.
Betül Can Anatolian High School, formerly Ankara Çankaya National Lottery Anatolian High School, is an Anatolian High School in Ankara, founded by the Turkish National Lottery Administration and given to the Turkish Ministry of Education in 1992. The school is located in the upscale district of Ankara called Gaziosmanpaşa.
Beşiktaş Atatürk Anatolian High School is an Anatolian High School located on the European side of Istanbul and one of the most prominent high schools founded by the first prime minister, İsmet İnönü, in Turkey. The primary languages of instruction are Turkish and English. The secondary foreign languages are German and French.
Bornova Anatolian High School is a prominent school in Turkey.
Kartal Anatolian High School is a selective-entry Anatolian High School in the Kartal district of Istanbul, Turkey.
Cağaloğlu Anatolian High School, in Cağaloğlu, İstanbul, is one of the oldest and internationally renowned high schools of Turkey. Istanbul Cağaloğlu Anatolian High School is considered to be an elite public high school in Turkey. The primary languages of instruction are Turkish and German. The secondary foreign language of instruction is English. Germany recognizes the school as a "Deutsche Auslandsschule".
Vefa High School, is one of the oldest and internationally renowned high school of Turkey. The first mülkiye lisesi training in Turkish language was Vefa Lisesi which forming and specializing as İdadi lessons and classes in Mekteb-i Mülkiye. Vefa S.K. was formed in this institution with initial players all being members of the school. It is located in Vefa at Fatih, Istanbul.
Ankara Atatürk High School, is an Anatolian High School located near Sıhhiye district of Çankaya, Ankara.
İskenderun İstiklal Makzume Anatolian High School is a public high school located in İskenderun, Turkey. Categorized as an Anatolian high school, it belongs to a specific category of public high schools in Turkey recognized for their focus on foreign language instruction and student selection via a nationwide standardized test. The school is considered prestigious in İskenderun, requiring students to achieve a high score on the national high school placement exam for admission.
Ziya Gökalp Anatolian High School is a co-educational Anatolian High School located in the Yenişehir district of Diyarbakır, Turkey. The school is named after Turkish intellectual Mehmet Ziya Gökalp, a prominent nationalist writer and sociologist.